Download What Is Life? A Guide To Biology Second Edition DNA, Gene Expression,

Jay Phelan
What Is Life? A Guide To Biology
Second Edition
CHAPTER 5
DNA, Gene Expression,
and Biotechnology
© 2012 W. H. Freeman and Company
Which answer will base pair with the following sequence?
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
21
22
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27
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29
30
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14
13
15
0%
A
CA
AG
AA
12
0%
UC
AA
GA
GU
AC
3
AC
AT
G
TC
AT
2
AG
TT
C
1
0%
CT
GT
0%
TC
AA
GA
GT
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
AGTTCTCATGT
AGTTCTCATGT
ACATGAGAACT
TCAAGAGTACA
UCAAGAGUACA
16
18
17
19
20
Different people can have free or attached earlobes.
The DNA that encodes for making free or attached
earlobes is called a(n) ________, and there are two
different versions of it, called __________.
allele; genes
trait; alleles
gene; traits
gene; alleles
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3
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7
8
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le
le
al
ge
n
e;
e;
ge
n
it;
tra
16
0%
it
s
le
al
le
ge
n
e;
el
all
1
0%
s
0%
es
0%
tra
1.
2.
3.
4.
19
20
Which molecule acts as a “middle man” between
the nucleus, where transcription occurs, and the
cytoplasm, where translation occurs?
DNA
mRNA
Protein
Choices 1 and 3 are
correct.
an
d
. ..
0%
Ch
oi
ce
m
DN
A
0%
s1
0%
RN
A
0%
Pr
ot
ei
n
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
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10
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Why can one change in a nucleotide
sequence of a gene cause a
nonfunctional protein to be
produced?
25% 25% 25%
1
2
3
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5
6
7
8
9
10
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22
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ab
o.
..
o.
..
An
he
of
t
Al
l
in
se
r
t io
n
n.
..
...
su
bs
tit
ut
io
ca
n
A
4.
ge
3.
ch
an
2.
The change can cause a stop codon to occur early
in translation and the full length protein is not
translated.
A substitution can result in one incorrect amino acid
being present in the protein which can affect the
shape of the protein and therefore its function.
An insertion or deletion can occur early in the gene
and result in an incorrect translation of the protein.
All of the above.
Th
e
1.
25%
18
19
20
CHOP
AMPLIFY
INSERT
GROW
IDENTIFY
CHOP
AMPLIFY
INSERT
GROW
IDENTIFY
CHOP
AMPLIFY
INSERT
GROW
IDENTIFY
If you were trying to identify the gene for
insulin, which particular step of the procedure
outlined below would you use?
69%
4.
Pr
o
be
ag
.. .
ge
n.
..
th
e
rt
In
se
ify
pl
Am
Cu
t
hu
m
an
th
e
DN
A
...
DN
. ..
1. Cut human DNA into small pieces with
a restriction enzyme.
2. Amplify the DNA pieces with PCR.
3. Insert the gene into a plasmid and
insert into bacteria.
14% 14%
4. Probe a gene library.
3%
We should pursue cloning in animals but
not humans.
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2
3
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...
e
St
ro
ng
ly
di
sa
g
gr
e
l
Di
sa
Ag
r
ag
ng
ly
St
ro
Nu
et
ra
ee
Strongly agree
Agree
Nuetral
Disagree
Strongly disagree
re
e
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
13
14
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19
20
We should pursue cloning in humans for
the purpose of developing or performing
medical treatments.
1
2
3
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5
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10
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sa
g
di
St
ro
ng
ly
17
...
gr
ee
Di
sa
l
Ne
ut
ra
Ag
r
16
St
ro
ng
ly
ag
ee
Strongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly disagree
re
e
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
14
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19
20
Using the DNA fingerprint information
below, determine which suspect as
present at the scene of the crime.
Suspect #1
Suspect #2
Suspect #3
All of the above.
Suspect
#1
Suspect
#2
Suspect
#3
he
a
bo
.. .
3
ct
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
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Al
lo
ft
Su
sp
e
ct
#
Su
sp
e
ct
#
Su
sp
e
2
Crime
Scene
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
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