Download Education and Training Human Growth and Development Multiple Choice Science Assessment Questions

Education and Training
Human Growth and Development
Multiple Choice Science Assessment Questions
All science problems address TEKS 130.143. Human Growth and Development.
Human Growth and Development. (2) The student understands the importance of
prenatal care in the development of a child. The student is expected to:
(A) describe nutritional needs prior to and during pregnancy
(B) analyze reasons for medical care and good health practices prior to and
during pregnancy
(C) outline stages of prenatal development
(D) discuss the role of genetics in prenatal development
(E) determine environmental factors affecting development of the fetus
Biology. (6) Science concepts. The student knows the mechanisms of genetics,
including the role of nucleic acids and the principles of Mendelian Genetics. The student
is expected to:
(A) identify components of DNA, and describe how information for specifying the
traits of an organism is carried in the DNA
(B) recognize that components that make up the genetic code are common to all
organisms
(D) recognize that gene expression is a regulated process
(E) identify and illustrate changes in DNA and evaluate the significance of these
changes
(F) predict possible outcomes of various genetic combinations such as
monohybrid crosses, dihybrid crosses and non-Mendelian inheritance
(G) recognize the significance of meiosis to sexual reproduction
Biology. (10) Science concepts. The student knows that biological systems are
composed of multiple levels. The student is expected to:
(A) describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the
functions of regulation, nutrient absorption, reproduction, and defense from injury
or illness in animals
(C) analyze the levels of organization in biological systems and relate the levels
to each other and to the whole system
Human Growth and Developmemt Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
Education and Training
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
2
1. Where is the location for sperm maturation?
a. Testes
b. Vas deferens
c. Epididymis
d. Urethra
2. Which structure is responsible for carrying sperm out of the body?
a. Epididymis
b. Testes
c. Vas deferens
d. Urethra
3. In the human female, which of the choices below is responsible for carrying the
egg to the uterus?
a. Fallopian tube
b. Urethra
c. Endometrium
d. Vagina
4. Which part of a woman’s body allows for the nourishment of a fertilized egg as it
develops during the pregnancy?
a. Ovary
b. Fallopian tube
c. Uterus
d. Vagina
5. Which structure is responsible for carrying hereditary information?
a. Blood cells
b. Testes
c. Ovaries
d. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
6. A couple decides to have a child. Even though they do not have Sickle Cell
Anemia, there is a family history of the disorder on both sides. Should this be a
concern for the couple and their future progeny?
a. No. They do not suffer from the disease
b. No. There is no risk of either one carrying the disease
c. Yes. There is a chance both could be carriers
d. Yes. Sickle Cell Anemia skips a generation; therefore, their children are
guaranteed to carry the disorder
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
Education and Training
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
3
7. Which genetic disorder could be controlled through diet?
a. Sickle cell anemia
b. Cystic fibrosis
c. Tay-Sachs disease
d. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
8. Punnett squares are a tool that can be used to determine what offspring could be
produced from a couple deciding to have a child. What concept allows this tool
to work?
a. Genes run in pairs, and each parent donates one of their copies to the
resulting offspring
b. Genes run in pairs, and each parent will take turns donating theirs to the
offspring
c. It shows the possible combinations of genes that can occur when both
parents donate both of their genes to their offspring
d. It uses blood samples from the parents to determine what genes are
present
9. A couple receives genetic counseling to determine their risk for having a child
who is color blind. The male is color blind, while the female does not have the
condition but is a carrier. Which statement below is true?
a. There is a 25% chance their daughters will be carriers
b. There is a 25% chance their daughters will be color blind
c. There is a 50% chance their sons will be carriers
d. There is a 50% chance that their sons will be color blind
10. Which statement below is NOT true regarding the embryo stage of development?
a. This stage lasts approximately eight weeks during which the placenta
begins formation
b. During this stage, the embryo travels down the fallopian tube, and
attaches to the endometrial lining in the uterus
c. During this stage, all of the systems begin to develop
d. This stage is considered the later part of the pregnancy
11. The male and female reproductive cells needed to produce viable offspring are
known as:
a. The testes and the ovaries
b. The gametes
c. The zygote
d. The embryo
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
Education and Training
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
12. Which structure below provides food and oxygen to the fetus?
a. The uterus
b. The fallopian tube
c. The ovary
d. The placenta
13. The purpose of fertilization of the egg is to:
a. Ensure the resulting baby has 46 chromosomes
b. Ensure the egg is protected during development and growth
c. Ensure the egg doesn’t implant in the fallopian tube
d. Ensure the male has a role in the creation of a baby
14. A male carries the X and Y sex chromosomes. A female carries two X sex
chromosomes. What is true regarding the conception of a male child?
a. He carries two X sex chromosomes
b. His mother provided him with a Y chromosome
c. His father determined his sex
d. His mother determined his sex
15. In its early infancy, a baby exhibits symptoms of tiredness, shortness of breath
and pain. The doctors believe he has which of the following genetic disorders?
a. PKU
b. Tay-Sachs Disease
c. Sickle Cell Anemia
d. Down Syndrome
16. A child is producing thick, sticky mucous that affects breathing and digestion.
Which of the following genetic conditions is the most likely diagnosis?
a. PKU
b. Tay-Sachs Disease
c. Sickle Cell Anemia
d. Cystic Fibrosis
17. A child presents mental retardation, has a short stature, stubby hands and feet.
This child has a genetic disorder. Which genetic disorder is it most likely to be?
a. PKU
b. Tay-Sachs Disease
c. Sickle Cell Anemia
d. Down’s Syndrome
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
4
Education and Training
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
18. Which structure is primarily responsible for removing waste products from the
developing fetus?
a. Fallopian tube
b. Amniotic fluid
c. Uterus
d. Placenta
19. How many chromosome pairs do humans have?
a. 24
b. 25
c. 23
d. 22
20. DNA contains all of the following except:
a. Deoxyribose sugar
b. Thymine
c. Phosphate
d. Uracil
21. Which is not a characteristic of the nucleic acid molecule DNA?
a. It can leave the nucleus
b. It contains thymine
c. It is double stranded
d. It contains the pentose sugar deoxyribose
22. Deoxyribonucleic acid can be found in the:
a. Ribosome
b. Endoplasmic reticulum
c. Lysosome
d. Nucleus
23. What actually determines the traits and characteristics of an individual?
a. The phosphorus and sugar sequence
b. The amino acid sequence in the cell membrane
c. The nucleotide sequence in deoxyribonucleic acid
d. The ribosomes processing the deoxyribonucleic acid
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
5
Education and Training
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
6
24. Substances that can cause a change in the composition of deoxyribonucleic acid
are known as:
a. Enzymes
b. Catalysts
c. Mutagens
d. Promoters
25. Before meiosis can occur, what needs to take place?
a. Transcription
b. Translation
c. Replication
d. Mutation
26. Overexposure to radiation is most likely to cause an increase in:
a. the rate of growth in a child
b. the production of ATP
c. the mutation rate
d. the water consumption of the individual
27. A female and male mate. What is the likelihood of a male child being produced?
a. 0%
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 75%
28. Which structure protects the developing baby from being injured should the
mother fall?
a. Fallopian tube
b. Amniotic fluid
c. Ovaries
d. Umbilical chord
29. Antibiotics are used to treat some sexually transmitted diseases. Which of the
following can be treated with antibiotics?
a. Gonorrhea
b. AIDS
c. Genital herpes
d. Human papilloma virus
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
Education and Training
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
7
30. Which statement is true for human development?
a. Alcohol and drugs taken during pregnancy will not harm the embryo
or the fetus.
b. The first trimester of pregnancy is not important to the development
of the embryo.
c. Drugs and alcohol taken during pregnancy cannot cause birth defects
d. Viral diseases may affect the development of the embryo.
31. The use of substances by the mother can have devastating consequences to the
fetus. Women who smoke during their pregnancies have the following common
characteristics. Which is the most common consequence?
a. Below average intelligence and facial deformities
b. Low birth weights
c. Heart defects
d. Arm or a leg not developed
32. Researchers estimate that approximately 58 percent of all natural conceptions
never become properly implanted in the uterus which results in the new life ending
before the mother is aware she is pregnant. When implantation is successful,
hormonal changes halt a woman’s:
a. menstrual cycle
b. physical growth
c. hormone production
d. hair growth
33. Down syndrome is the most common genetic anomaly during prenatal
development. Typical features of Down syndrome include flattened facial
appearance, heart defects, and mental retardation. The risk of having a child with
Down syndrome increases with maternal age. Down syndrome is caused by:
a. extra copy of the 21 chromosome
b. two sperms fertilizing an egg at once
c. extra copy of any chromosome
d. shortage of chromosomal material
34. Within a few hours after conception, the single-celled zygote begins making a
journey down the fallopian tube to the uterus where it will begin the process of:
a. maturation
b. implantation with simultaneous cell division and growth
c. destruction
d. growth
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
Education and Training
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
8
35. By the twelfth week of pregnancy, the embryo has already begun development of
the basic organs and parts. Which of the following organs are used to determine gender
of the fetus?
a. the brain
b. the eyes
c. sex organs
d. the stomach
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
Education and Training
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Answer Key
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
21)
22)
23)
24)
25)
26)
27)
28)
29)
30)
31)
32)
33)
34)
35)
C
D
A
C
D
C
D
A
D
D
A
D
A
C
C
D
D
D
C
D
A
D
C
C
C
C
C
B
A
D
B
A
A
B
C
Human Growth and Development Science Problems
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.
9