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Why do we Join Groups? • We’re attracted to the group’s activities, goals, group prestige, or one or more of the group members • Interpersonal Communication Motives • We have no choice Group Socialization The process when newcomers become a part of the group’s patterns of activities; or A two way process of influence and change where members use verbal and non-verbal messages to create a new unique group culture. Socialization Levels Individual Group Advantages/Disadvantages • Advantages of Small Groups: – – – – Resources Understanding Diversity Creativity • Disadvantages of Small Groups: – – – – Task Coordination Loafing Conflict Misbehaviors Types of Groups • • • • • • • Primary Social Self-Help Learning Service Public Work Group Roles • Formal Roles – Leader – Recorder – Critical Advisor • Informal Roles – – – – – Task Leader Social-Emotional Leader Information Provider Central Negative Tension Releaser • Deviant Roles – – – – – – – – – – Aggressor Whiner Recognition Seeker Dominator Blocker Clown Airhead Egghead Self Confessor Special Pleader Problem Solving & Decision Making Steps Recognizing the problem Diagnosing the Problem Making the Decision Accepting and Implementing the decision Group Cohesion • Increased: – Conformity – Group influence over its members – Member satisfaction with the group – Group integration – Cooperation What is Groupthink? “A mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive group, when the member’s strivings for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action” What are the Symptoms? How to Avoid Groupthink • Brain Storming • Nominal Group Technique • Six Thinking Hats • Delphi Technique Overcoming Groupthink Look out for signs Acknowledge the signs Assess the immediate risks Seek external validation Use formal group roles and decision making tools How to be Effective? • Don’t blame others for group problems. • Ask questions when you don’t understand. • Encourage Open Communication • Support the Leader’s Efforts to Facilitate Benefits of Small Group • Working together to accomplish a group task. • Learning how relational issues affects the group as a whole. • Understanding depth in communication process within the group. Summary/Questions “A group becomes a team when each member is sure enough of himself and his contribution to praise the skill of the others. “ - Norman Shidle