Download Chapter 3 Lesson 2 and 3

Chapter 3
Lessons 2 and 3
How do Materials move
through plants?
How do cells get and use
energy?
By: Rylee and Zoee
Lesson 2
Stems and roots are major plants organs. They have
special structures and jobs to perform.
Stems and Leaves
 Leaves
are plant organs.
 Leaves are attached to stems.
 Stems hold fruit and flowers on plants.
Xylem and Phloem
 Vascular
System: a system of tubes that
transports materials such as water and
minerals.
 Xylem: tubes that carry materials from the
plants roots to the leaves.
 Phloem: tubes that carry sugar away from
the leaves
 The roots soak up water from the soil and
the water has minerals in it.
More about Stems and
Vascular Plants
 Plants
get energy they need by breaking
down sugar.
 The plants makes its food in the leaves.
 Much of the sugar is transported from the
leaves to the rest of the plant.
 A leaf stem attaches a plants leaves to its
stem.
Roots
 Roots
anchor the plant in the ground and
hold in place as it grows.
 Fibrous Root System: many roots grow out
in all directions forming smaller and
smaller roots.
 Taproot Root System: a large root that
grows straight down.
Functions of Roots
 Roots
anchor a plant and may store food.
 Roots absorb water from the soil.
 Minerals and nutrients are dissolved then
enter the roots.
Lesson 3
The leaves of a plant make sugar. This sugar
contains energy the plant can use for life functions.
Photosynthesis
 Chlorophyll:
a green substance that traps
energy from the sun and allows plants to
make their own food.
 Chloroplasts: stores chlorophyll.
 Photosynthesis: Plants make sugar and
glucose in the process of photosynthesis.
 Photosynthesis can only happen when
chlorophyll is present.
Energy from Food
 Cellular
Respiration: cells break down
sugar to release energy.
 During cellular respiration, sugar starts to
be broken down through a series of
reactions that take place mostly in the
mitochondria.
Carbon Dioxide-Oxygen Cycle
 Both
plants and animals give off carbon
dioxide during cellular respiration.
 Photosynthesis:
carbon dioxide + water Light energy sugar + oxygen
chlorophyll
 Cellular Respiration
sugar + oxygen
carbon dioxide + water + energy
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