Download Ch02 lecture hlth150

Chapter 2
Psychosocial Health:
Being Mentally,
Emotionally,
Socially, and
Spiritually Well
PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation
prepared by
Michael Hall
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,
publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Objectives
 Define psychosocial health in terms of its mental,
emotional, and social components, and identify the
basics traits shared by psychosocially healthy people.
 Consider how each of the internal and external factors
that influence psychosocial health may affect you.
 Discuss the positive steps you can take to enhance
psychosocial health.
 Discuss the dimension of spirituality and the role that
it plays in health and wellness.
 Discuss the mind/body connection and show how
emotions influence health status.
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Objectives – cont.
 Identify and describe common psychosocial problems
of adulthood.
 Describe different types of anxiety disorders and their
key risk factors.
 Discuss warning signs of suicide and actions that can
be taken to help a suicidal individual.
 Explain the goals and methods of different types of
health professionals and therapies.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Defining Psychosocial Health
 The mental, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of
health
 Basic elements of psychosocially healthy people:
• Feel good about themselves
• Feel comfortable around other people
• Can control tension and anxiety
• Can meet the demands of life
• Can curb hate and guilt
• Can maintain a positive outlook
• Enrich the lives of others
• Cherish the things that make them smile
• Value diversity
• Respect nature
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Psychosocial Health
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Figure 2.1
Mental Health: The “Thinking” You
 The “thinking” part of psychosocial health
 Includes: values, attitudes, and beliefs about your
body, family, your relationships, and life in general
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Emotional Health: The “Feeling” You
 The “feeling” side of psychosocial health
 Emotions – intensified or complex patterns of feelings
 Four types:
• Resulting from harm, loss or threats
• Resulting from benefits
• Borderline emotions; such as hope and compassion
• Complex; such as grief, disappointment,
bewilderment, and curiosity
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Social Health: Interactions With Others
 Social Health – includes your interactions with others
 Social Bonds – reflect level of closeness and
attachment with others
 Social Support – network of people and services (both
tangible and intangible)
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Spiritual Health: An Inner Quest For Well-Being
 Spirituality – refers to a belief in some unifying force
that gives meaning to life
 Spirituality addresses four main themes:
• Interconnectedness
• Practice of mindfulness
• Spirituality as a part of daily life
• Living in harmony with our community
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Four Major Themes Of Spirituality
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Figure 2.3
Factors That Influence Psychosocial Health
 External Factors
• The family
• The broader environment
• Social bonds
 Internal Factors
• Self-efficacy and Self-esteem
• Learned helplessness versus Learned optimism
• Personality
• Life span and Maturity
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Enhancing Psychosocial Health
 Build self-esteem and self-efficacy
 Find a support group
 Complete required tasks
 Form realistic expectations
 Make time for you
 Maintain physical health
 Seek help when necessary
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Sleep: The Great Restorer
 Purpose of sleep
• Conservation of energy
• Restoration
 Sleep disorders
• Insomnia
• Sleep Apnea
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The Mind-Body Connection
 Happiness
 Subjective Well-Being
1. Satisfaction with present life
2. Relative presence of positive emotions
3. Relative absence of negative emotions
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Satisfaction with Life Scale
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Figure 2.5
When Psychosocial Health Deteriorates
 Mental Illnesses – disorders that disrupt thinking,
feeling, moods, and behaviors, and impair daily
functioning.
 Depression
• Risks include: genetic history, environment,
situational triggers, poor behavioral skills, and
brain-body chemistry
• Women suffer from depression nearly two times the
rate of men: (8-11% men) to (19-23% women)
• Sub-groups within populations experience
depression more than others, i.e. children, the
elderly, adolescent girls, and college students
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Treating Depression
 Cognitive therapy
 Interpersonal therapy
 Pharmacological therapy
 Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
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Are You Depressed?
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Table 2.3
Disorders
 Bipolar Disorder
 Anxiety
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
• Panic Disorders
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
• Phobic Disorders
• Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
 Schizophrenia
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Drug Treatments for Depression
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Table 2.4
ABC News: Psychosocial Health
Play
Video
| Psychosocial Health
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
ABC News: Psychosocial Health
Discussion Questions:
 Do think that drug companies or the physicians who
prescribe antidepressants to adolescents are
responsible for the suicides of children taking such
drugs?
 Should parents of children taking antidepressants be
informed of warning signs to watch for in their
children?
 Do you think that antidepressants administered to
children should be banned? Why or why not?
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Gender Issues In Psychosocial Health
 Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) – depression,
irritability, and other symptoms of increased stress
typically occurring just prior to menstruation and
lasting one to two days
 Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) – more
severe case of PMS; presents at least 5 symptoms of
PMS for 7-10 days, with at least one symptom being
serious enough to interfere with home or work
functions
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Suicide: Giving Up On Life
 Each year >35,000 reported suicides in U.S.
 Often results from poor coping skills, lack of social
support, lack of self-esteem
 College students are more likely to attempt suicide
 Risk factors include: family history of suicide,
previous suicide attempts, excessive drug or alcohol
use, prolonged depression, financial difficulties
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Warning Signs Of Suicide
 Recent loss of loved one
 Change in personality
 Change in behavior
 Diminished sexual interest
 Expressions of self-hatred
 Change in sleep patterns
and/or eating habits
 Direct or indirect statement
about attempting suicide
 Final preparations, i.e.
writing a will
 Preoccupation with themes of
death
 Drastic mood swings
 Marked changes in personal
appearance
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Mental Health Professionals
 Psychiatrist
 Psychologist
 Psychoanalyst
 Clinical/Psychiatric Social Worker
 Counselor
 Psychiatric Nurse Specialist
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How to Help Yourself if You Are Depressed
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Table 2.5
Questions to Ask When Choosing a Therapist
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Table 2.6