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UNH Thermal Workshop UNH Thermal Workshop or how important is or how important is stream temperature? Ralph Abele EPA Region 1 February 17, 2011 The Five Major Factors Which Determine the Integrity of Aquatic Resources Alkalinity Solubilities Velocity Temperature D.O. Adsorption pH Chemical Variables Nutrients Turbidity Organics High/Low Extremes Land Use Ground Water Flow Regime Precipitation & Runoff Hardness INTEGRITY OF THE WATER RESOURCE Disease Parasitism Reproduction Biotic Factors Competition Feeding Predation “Principal Goal of the Clean Water Act Nutrients Sunlight Energy Source g Matter Organic Inputs (Source: Yoder) Riparian Vegetation Seasonal Cycles Bank Stability Habitat Structure Siltation o o 1 and 2 Production Width/Depth Sinuosity Current Substrate Channel Morphology Morpholog Gradient Canopy Instream Cover Recent Northeast Temperature Projects y New England Association of Environmental Biologists y y y y y mtg. 2008 Northeast Aquatic Habitat Classification ‐ NEAFWA funded TNC work (2008) EPA grants to UNH for thermal regimes of Northeast g g Streams and Thermal Impacts of Stormwater BMPs temperature work (2009‐ 2011) USGS research: Context‐dependent effects of temperature on brook trout (Salvelinus b k (S l li f i li ) fontinalis) growth. (in press, h (i Letcher, Conte Lab) Summer Stream Water Temperature Models for Great Lakes Streams: New York USGS (McKenna Great Lakes SC) (2010 2011) (McKenna, Great Lakes SC) (2010‐2011) RARE Stormwater BMP effectiveness grant (2010) EPA HQ Healthy Watersheds grant –Coldwater Fisheries of N E l d ( New England (2011) ) Northeast Aquatic Habitat Classification System – Temperature + Gradient Temperature + Gradient Source: Olivero and Anderson, NRC, Northeast Aquatic Habitat Classification System 2008 Reference flows River types yp Degree flow alteration Ecological response curves Ecological targets Enviro. flow targets Implement program Statewide mapping based on flow, temp, fish , geology: 6,000 6 000 ecological segments x 11 ecological river types (Seelbach,2009) MA Coldwater Fishery Resources Brown trout y In Massachusetts coldwater streams are identified Brook trout DRAFT Slimy sculpin Longnose sucker Lake chub Atlantic salmon (Source: A. Norris,D.Ohman MDF&W) D R A F T Rainbow trout based on the species present y Over 800 coldwater streams found statewide through fish surveys by MA DF&W y Many segments designated as Cold Water in state Water Quality Standards Stormwater BMP Effectiveness Assessment T lki EPA RARE grant EPA RARE Toolkit – Naomi Detenbeck EPA ORD y Focus on evaluating benefits of implementing l i b fi fi l i y y y y stormwater BMPs to protect biotic integrity Build upon extensive datasets and Stressor‐Response curves created for original R1 RARE Extension to fish communities Build on UNH BMP Thermal work S‐R curves by Ecol. Unit/flow class y Flow, thermal, clean sediment metrics y Fish, macroinvertebrate Fish macroinvertebrate metrics y Use taxa‐specific regional ranges of habitat variables to infer expected species P/A y Extend to dev’t of BCG curves and strata y Diagnostic element w comparison of species tolerances w species loss curves EPA Healthy Watersheds Pilot Project: Coldwater Resources of New England – Coordinated Assessment and Protection Coordinated Assessment and Protection y Analyze temperature regime of high quality coldwater streams in Connecticut Dr. Jennifer Jacobs, UNH y Develop a multivariate analysis approach to examine effects of land use change, impervious cover and water withdrawal on the distribution and abundance of i hd l h di ib i d b d f coldwater taxa Dr. Matthew Baker UMBC, USGS,MDF&W Factors Influencing Riverine USGS study Factors Influencing Riverine Fish Communities in Massachusetts MMA GIS IC data MDFW Fish Database Flow Alteration Statewide Dam database (Source: USGS) Potential Stormwater and Coldwater Resource Protection Fact Sheet p y Develop a fact sheet for protecting and restoring coldwater drainages y Focus on BMPs that buffer, not exacerbate thermal loading y Vegetative buffers y Identify regulatory opportunities through NPDES NPDES coordinated with di d i h state and local water and wetland regulations Acknowledgements c o edge e ts Slides prepared by the following individuals are included in this presentation. Permission to use them is acknowledged. t ti P i i t th i k l d d y Todd Richards, Alicia Norris, Dana Ohman, Massachusetts y y y y y y Division of Fisheries and Wildlife David Armstrong,, USGS MA Water Science Center Arlene Olivero, The Nature Conservancy P l S lb h Mi hi Paul Seelbach, Michigan DNR DNR Jennifer Jacobs, UNH Naomi Detenbeck,, US EPA AED Chris Yoder, Midwest Biodiversity Institute