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網路視訊會議系統的設計與經驗 莊 志 洋 民友科技股份有限公司 Agenda H.323 and related protocols Ready for right products Design Considerations Experiences and Suggestions What is H.323? * A multimedia communication protocol suite Includes voice, video, and data conferencing For use over packet-switched networks H.323 is “ITU-T Recommendation H.323: Packet-based multimedia communications systems” Elements of an H.323 System Terminals Multipoint Control Units (MCUs) Gateways Gatekeeper Border Elements H.323 Network Elements H.323 Terminal H.323 Gatekeeper H.323 MCU H.323 Gateway H.323 Terminal H.323 Terminal PSN GSTN V.70 Terminal H.324 Terminal GQOS LAN Speech Terminal N-ISDN H.322 Terminal Speech Terminal B-ISDN H.320 Terminal H.321 Terminal CSN Terminals MCUs For managing multipoint conferences Contains Multipoint Controller (MC) - manages the call signaling Multipoint Processors (MPs) - handle media mixing, switching, or other media processing Gateways Interface H.323 to other networks, Composed of a “Media Gateway Controller” (MGC) a “Media Gateway” (MG) MGC handles including the PSTN, H.320 systems, other H.323 networks (proxy), etc. call signaling , non-media-related functions MG handles the media Gatekeeper Admission control Address resolution e.g.,Phone number to IP address Border Elements Exchange addressing information and participate in call authorization between administrative domains Often co-located with a Gatekeeper, An H.323 Stack H.323 Application H.245 RAS H.225.0 Call Signaling Packet-switched Network RTP / RTCP H.323 basic protocols Annex G Gatekeeper Q.931/H.245 Gatekeeper RAS Q.931/ H.245 Q.931/ H.245 RAS Signalling (Q.931) Endpoint H.245 RTP/RTCP Endpoint Gatekeeper Routed Signaling Direct Routed Signaling Source: Lior Moscovici H.323 related standards RTP/RTCP : Streaming T.120 - Data conferencing Audio Codecs: G.711, G.722, G.723.1, G.728, G.729, GSM Video Codecs: H.261, H.263, H.264 Past to Present H.323 v.1 was published in 1996 was designed for LANs Or was it? Local Area Network Past to Present But, it was used in WANs, large private VoIP networks, and the Internet It worked very well Past to Present H.323 proved that RTP is able to carry real-time audio and video over IP networks that span the globe Indeed, H.323 was much more than a LAN protocol Past To Present Recognizing the fact that H.323 was much more than a LAN protocol, the name was changed in H.323 Version 2 (1998) Enhancements were made, including: Security Performance Supplementary Services Scalability Strength in Numbers Accord Networks Cirilium Aethra Cisco Systems AG Communications Clarent Agilent Comverse Anatel Data Connection Aspect Delta Information Systems Atlantic Avaya Axent Brooktrout Technology Hughes Software Systems iBasis IBM Inalp Networks Inari Inc. Innovaphone Motorola Ridgeway Systems MultiTech Systems Siemens Natural MicroSystems Smith Micro NetSpeak WebPhone Sorenson Vision Netergy Networks Swyx Network Associates Symbol Technologies NexTone Telxon TINY Dialogic Intel Dialpad ISPhone Nuera Communications E-Tech Canada Ltd. ITXC Nx Networks Elemedia Ji-Tong Communications OKI CUseeMe Equivalence Callserve e-tel Catapult eZenia! CheckPoint FVC China Netcom Genuity China Telecom HearMe China Unicom Huawei Komodo Technology Lotus Lucent Macchina Madge Networks Microsoft Packetizer Pagoo PictureTel Polycom Teles Trillium Unylogix VCON VegaStream VIVE Technologies RADCom VTEL VocalTec RADVision WowRing Zydacron The Market Today Today, the biggest market for H.323 applications is Voice over IP. Why? Lack of right video terminals to address: Low bit-rate Internet connections make video and data intensive applications less appealing It’s a young industry– and with all such industries, it takes time to mature good products Companies can provide VoIP services today at a low cost and provide new competition to the incumbent carriers Video Communication Era Future, expect to see video and data communication to become more pervasive Broadband connectivity is making it possible Video and data are logically the next services customers expect to find in conference rooms, at home and on their computer screens Why current H.323 products is not good? Unstable Video Quality Good over dedicated lines or in demo room Deteriorates significantly over Internet Difficult to install Not easy to use Too expensive Business model Design Considerations Networking environment Backbone band-width oversupply Last-mile bandwidth getting better > 384K bps at < NT$2,000/m xDSL, ADSL, VDSL Cable WLAN / WiMax 3G IP Network Issues Lack of IP addresses Use of NAT Adds difficulties to address resolution Firewall Dynamic IP Virtual IP Blocks media packets Make plug & play less possible Codec Issues Standard algorithms Implementations: Computation speed Bit rate vs picture quality Hardware vs Software DSP No longer a dominating issue Performance bottlenecks Not at computation unit (DSP or CPU) Systems: Buffers Internal bus Memory speed Graphics display Right prices for right users Corporate users Large conference room ~NT$1.0M Small conference room NT$50k – NT$100k Desk top with PC ~NT$3K Soho users < NT$50k Home users < NT$10k Personal users < NT$6k Common Requirements 接近電視的影音品質 維護容易又穩定 容易安裝,網路設定比PC簡單 不必學就會用 慣用的撥接方式 (phone, PC, PDA, etc) 不必守在機器旁 各式來電通知機制 (ring, e-mail, mobile, etc) Common requirements 固定IP、浮動IP、虛擬IP的用戶都可接通 網路擁塞 – Lack of QoS in Net 智慧型影音流量調控 Use better end-point QoS 對話安全 影音加密 貼近企業文化的設計 讓傳真變彩色 PC上的資料可隨時取得 反映手寫習慣的電子白板 輕鬆地作現場演示 連接網路的芳鄰 遠端PC程式執行能力 遠距簡報洽商業務 異地同仁如處同地辦公 遠距同步操作PC 貼近企業文化的設計 多點同步會議功能 各個角度都看得到 內建MCU 遙控攝影機: 轉向,聚焦 多攝影機設計 保留珍貴的會議時況 多頻道數位錄影 – 影音圖文同步錄影 Suggested HW architecture HW P4 for corporate and soho users SOC = DSP + RSIC Camera VGA resolution at 30 fps High-end webcam is good enough Display for home and personal/mobile users VGA monitor vs TV Speaker and Microphone Headphone is uncomfortable Conference phone is a good choice Full duplex and echo cancellation Suggested SW Architecture Embedded Linux Embedded Windows and GUI Spport P4 & RISC platforms Complete TCP/IP stack Small but rich Interoperable vs compatible Standard H.323 Optimized implementation Data Conference Work with PC / MS Windows RDP Network Neighbor – Samba Graphical terminal Network file system Multi-point screen sync T.120 H.323 whiteboard standard More than Data Conference Distance Collaboration Run programs Co-design Life demonstrations Scratch paper – notepad etc Results 嵌入式設計、多點視訊會議、影音加密、 代碼撥號、來電通知、遠端影音調控、 PC網路芳鄰、遠距簡報、電子白板與即 時圖文通訊、線上文字交談、彩色傳真、 Fax over IP Gateway、影音留言、會議 錄影 More than a H.323 system At an affordable price Product Varieties Stand-alone Embedded in LCD monitor/HDTV Embedded in xDSL Built-in PDA/PPC/PMP/DSC Must have in mobile phone Remarks Internet is ready for video communication H.323 is a valid protocol, SIP simplifies call setup Multimedia communication with Voice, video, text, graphics, 3D, Design issues are on the system integration, HW and SW Embedded in various products