Download Internet Terminology

Internet Terminology
Network
A network is a group of computers that share
computing resources
LAN – Local Area Network – confined to a
relatively small area
WAN – Wide Area Network – used to connect
workers in different geographic locations
Firewall – used to prevent outside users from
gaining access to network
Server
Server – a computer that provides files
or services to another computer
Workstation – a machine that can use
the drives, folders, files, and programs
on the network
Client – a workstation that is actively
using the network’s facilities
Internet
It is the largest international computer
network.
The most popular features of the
Internet are World Wide Web (WWW),
Chatting, File Transfer, Electronic Mail
(E-Mail).
WWW
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web portion of the Internet
contains Web sites.
Web sites are addresses addresses on the
Internet maintained by various organizations
and individuals to provide information and
services to Internet users.
Links
Hyperlink - An element in an electronic
document that links to another place in the
same document or to an entirely different
document.
(Typically, you click on the hyperlink to follow
the link. Hyperlinks are the most essential
ingredient of all hypertext systems, including
the World Wide Web.)
Hypertext refers to a document or text that
includes hyperlinks.
Internet Browser
A computer program that allows you to
use the Web.
Examples:
– Microsoft Internet Explorer
– Mozilla FireFox (www.mozilla.com) – Free
Download
– Netscape Navigator
– America Online
Connecting to the Internet
Connect with a Modem
Types of modems:
– Traditional Modem
– DSL (newer connection)
– Cable Modem
– Wireless & Satellite
– T1 or T3 line
ISP
Internet Service Provider
A company that connects you and your
computer to the Internet.
Examples
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AOL
AT&T WorldNet
MSN (Microsoft)
EarthLink
Charter
PCL
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
Web site address
It is a distant location just like a home
address.
URL – Uniform Resource Locator
Example http://www.athensmiddle.org
http stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol, the
communications protocol used by sites in the WWW.
www stands for World Wide Web, the largest part of
the Internet
athensmiddle is the name used to identify the
organization responsible for the content of the sited
org is the domain identifier
Domain Names
A domain name is a unique name that is used to identify and
locate computers on the internet, it can be used for websites
and/or email addresses. For instance this website's domain
name is www.helpwithpcs.com.
You can tell the domain of a Web site by the 3-letter ending of its
URL.
Examples
– .com (commercial)
– .edu (education)
– .mil (military)
– .org (organization)
IP Address
All machines connected to the internet have there
own IP Address, domain names are just an easier
way to access a certain machine, for instance if you
had to remember IP Addresses instead of domain
names it would be cumbersome.
FTP
File Transfer Protocol
It is a set of rules that enable electronic
information, such as document files,
graphics, and movies to be uploaded and
downloaded
FTP cont.
Uploading is sending a file from your
computer to another computer using
FTP.
Downloading is using FTP to get a file
from another computer and putting it
into your own computer.
Shareware & Freeware
Shareware - Software available on the Internet for
downloading so you can try it before buying it. It is
copyrighted and distributed on a "free-will donation"
basis, either via the Internet or by being passed along
by satisfied customers. Users who continue to use
the program after a trial period are expected to pay a
registration fee.
Freeware - Free software available on the Internet for
downloading. It is used and redistributed at no cost to
the user. (Shareware, on the other hand, requires
that you pay a registration fee after a certain amount
of time. )
Webpage Terms
Home page - The first page or front page of a Web site.
It serves as the starting point for navigation.
HTML – Hypertext Markup Language
Bookmark or Favorite - A direct link to an often visited site,
saved in your browser for easy access.
Cookie - It is a small file that a Web server automatically sends
to your PC when you browse certain Web sites. Cookies are
stored as text files on your hard drive so servers can access
them when you return to Web sites you've visited before.
Cookies contain information that identifies each user, for
example: login or username, passwords, shopping cart
information, preferences, and so on. When a user revisits a Web
site, his or her computer automatically "serves up" the cookie,
which establishes the user's identity, thus eliminating the need
for the customer to reenter the information.
Search Engine
Internet search engines are special sites on
the Web that are designed to help people
find information stored on other sites.
Boolean operators allow you to refine and
extend the terms of the search (ex. AND,
OR, NOT, QUOTATION MARKS
Telecommunications
Communication over a long
distance;
Distant communication
Chat
It is an Internet application that allows
people to engage in real-time
communication with other users around
the world.
Advantages/Disadvantages
Electronic Mail (Email)
An electronic exchange of messages and
files.
The process by which you send and receive
mail from computers connected to the
Internet or a private network.
Email is one of the most popular features of
the Internet.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Email Nuance
spam – sending particularly annoying messages
spam can come in a variety of forms, although the most common is
unsolicited commercial email, SPAM emails can be very annoying
and can clog up your inbox.
The golden rule when you receive a spam email is NOT TO REPLY,
although the email will say something along the lines of
"reply with unsubscribe in the subject line to be taken off our
mailing list"
as soon as you reply you are confirming that your email address
exists.
One way of stopping spam is to use an email filter, this is special
software that filters incoming emails and stops any unsuitable
images being seen by children.
Chatting and Email
Emoticon - The term "emoticon" literally means "an
icon that represents emotion." An emoticon is a
sequence of typed characters that creates a rough
picture of something, such as a facial expression.
Shouting – using ALL CAPS in chatting or email.
Netiquette - Short for Internet etiquette. Rules of
behavior governing communication on the Internet.
http://www.learnthenet.com/english/html/09netiqt.ht
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Computer Virus
A program that runs on your computer
without your knowledge and can cause
damage to your files.
It usually attaches itself to other programs, a
common way to receive a virus is through an
attachment via email.
Virus protection is extremely important and
can save a lot of problems in the future.
www.antivirus.com – Free House Call