Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Cracking of wireless networks wikipedia , lookup
Distributed firewall wikipedia , lookup
Recursive InterNetwork Architecture (RINA) wikipedia , lookup
SIP extensions for the IP Multimedia Subsystem wikipedia , lookup
Network tap wikipedia , lookup
Zero-configuration networking wikipedia , lookup
Distributed operating system wikipedia , lookup
Airborne Networking wikipedia , lookup
List of wireless community networks by region wikipedia , lookup
Service-oriented architecture implementation framework wikipedia , lookup
Internet-Scale Systems Research Group (ISRG) Millennium Ninja Endeavour Cellular “Core” Network ICEBERG Eric Brewer, David Culler, Anthony Joseph, Randy Katz Computer Science Division, EECS Department University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1776 1 Emerging Internet Service Business Model Applications (Portals, E-Commerce, E-Tainment, Media) Appl Infrastructure Services (Distribution, Caching, Searching, Hosting) AIP ISV Application-specific Servers (Streaming Media, Transformation) ASP Internet Data Centers ISP CLEC Application-specific Overlay Networks (Multicast Tunnels, Mgmt Svrcs) Global Packet Network Internetworking (Connectivity) 2 Observations • Multimedia / Voice over IP networks – Lower cost, more flexible packet-switching core network – Simultaneous support for delay sensitive and delay insensitive flows via differentiated services • Intelligence shifts to the network edges – Third-party functionality downloaded into Information Appliances like PalmPilots • Programmable intelligence inside the network – – – – Proxy servers intermixed with switching infrastructure Mobile/extensible code, e.g., JAVA: “write once, run anywhere” Rapid new service development Speech-based services 3 ISRG Research Focus • Infrastructure Services – – – – – – Scalability Availability Pervasive Computing Mobility Proxies/Transcoders/Network Agents Active Services • Security and E-Commerce • Novel Applications and Architectures 4 Project Synergies ICEBERG Computer-Telephony Integration Service Creation NINJA Scalable, Secure Services in the Network Millennium Endeavour Post-PC Explorations Vastly Diverse Devices Oceanic Data Utility Sensor-Centric Data Mgmt Negotiation Architecture Tacit Knowledge I/F Intelligent Classrooms Design Methods Campus-Area Distributed Clusters 5 Millennium Project Goals • Enable major advances in Computational Science and Engineering – Simulation, Modeling, and Information Processing becoming ubiquitous • Explore novel design techniques for large, complex systems – Fundamental Computer Science problems ahead are problems of scale • Develop fundamentally better ways of assimilating and interacting with large volumes of information – and with each other • Explore emerging technologies – networking, OS, devices 6 Ninja Project Goals • Create a framework that enables programmatic generation and composition of services from strongly typed reusable components • Key Elements – Structured architecture with a careful partitioning of state » Bases, Active Routers, and Units – Wide-area paths formed out of strongly-typed components » Operators and Connectors – Execution environments with efficient, but powerful communication primitives » Active Messages + capsules » TACC + persistence + customization 7 ICEBERG Project Goals • Demonstrate ease of new service deployment – Packet voice for computer-telephony integration – Speech- and location-enabled applications – Complete interoperation of speech, text, fax/image across the four P’s: PDAs, pads, pagers, phones) – Mobility and generalized routing redirection • Demonstrate new system architecture to support innovative applications – Personal Information Management » Universal In-box: e-mail, news, fax, voice mail » Notification redirection: e.g., e-mail, pager – Home networking and control of “smart” spaces, sensor/actuator integration » Build on experience with A/V equipped rooms in Soda Hall 8 Experimental Testbed Velo Nino IBM WorkPad MC-16 Motorola Pagewriter 2000 CF788 306 Soda 405 Soda 326 Soda “Colab” GSM BTS TCI @Home Smart Spaces Personal Information Management WLAN / Bluetooth Pager SimMillennium Network Infrastructure H.323 GW Millennium Cluster Millennium Cluster 9 The Future: Internet-based Open Services Architecture “Today, the telecommunications sector is beginning to reshape itself, from a vertically to a horizontally structured industry. … [I]t used to be that new capabilities were driven primarily by the carriers. Now, they are beginning to be driven by the users. … There’s a universe of people out there who have a much better idea than we do of what key applications are, so why not give those folks the opportunity to realize them. … The smarts have to be buried in the ‘middleware’ of the network, but that is going to change as more-capable user equipment is distributed throughout the network. When it does, the economics of this industry may also change.” George Heilmeier, Chairman Emeritus, Bellcore 10 Smart Appliances/Thin Clients PDA PCS Qualcomm PDQ Phone 11 • Top Gun Wingman – “Thin” presentation layer in PDA with full rendering engine in wireline proxy • Top Gun MediaBoard – Participates as a reliable multicast client via proxy in wireline network 12 Emerging Distributed Service Architecture Personal Information Management and “Smart Spaces” Distributed Videoconferencing & Room-scale Collaboration Speech and Location Aware Applications Speech and Location ICEBERG Aware Applications Computer-Telephony Services ICEBERG Computer-Telephony Services MASH Media Processing Services TranSend Extensible Proxy Services Active Services Architecture Distributed Computing Services: NINJA Computing and Communications Platform: Millennium/NOW 13 Transparent Information Access Speech-to-Text Speech-to-Voice Attached-Email Call-to-Pager/Email Notification Email-to-Speech All compositions of the above! Universal In-box Policy-based Location-based Activity-based 14 Composable Services • E.g., voice control of A/V devices in a “Smart Room” – – – – Multistage processing transformation Strongly typed connectors Service discovery service Automated path generation Path Audio Microphone Cell phone ICSI Speech Recognizer Text Service Text to Command A/V Devices Cmd Room Entity Response to Client Composed Service 15 NINJA Distributed Computing Platform • Bases (1M’s) – – – – – scalable, highly available persistent state (safe) databases, agents “home” base per user service programming environment Wide-Area Path • Active Proxies (100M’s) – not packet routers, may be AN nodes – bootstrap thin devices into infrastructure – soft-state and well-connected • Units (1B’s) – – – – sensors / actuators PDAs / smartphones / PCs heterogeneous Minimal functionality: “Smart Clients” Jini devices 16 ICEBERG Principles ... • Potentially Any Network Services (PANS) – Any service can be accessed from any network by any device; network/device independence in system design • Personal Mobility – Person as communication endpoint with single identity • Service Mobility – Retain services across networks • Easy Service Creation and Customization – Allow callee control & filtering • Scalability, Availability, Fault Tolerance • Security, Authentication, Privacy 17 ICEBERG Architectural Elements • ICEBERG Access Point (IAP) – Encapsulates network specific gateway (control and data) • ICEBERG Point of Presence (iPOP) – Performs detailed signaling » Call Agent: per communication device per call party » Call Agent Dispatcher: deploy call agent • Name Mapping Service – Mapping between iUID (Iceberg Unique ID) and service end point • Preference Registry – Contains user profile:service subscription, configuration, customization • Person Activity Tracker (PAT) – Tracks dynamic information about user of interest • Automatic Path Creation Service – Creates datapath among participants’ communications devices 18 Transformation and Redirection Pager GW Cellular Network IAP IAP Transducer IAP Agent GW IAP IP Core WLAN GW Redirection IAP Agent H.323 GW PSTN 19 ICEBERG Signaling System • Signaling System – Distributed system w/agents communicating via signaling protocol for call setup, routing, & control • ICEBERG Basic Call Service – Communication of two or more call participants using any number of communication devices via any kind of media – If call participant uses more than one devices, must be used synchronously • Basic Approach – Loosely coupled, soft state-based signaling protocol w/group communication – Call Session: a collection of call agents that communicate with each other 20 Signaling: Call Session Establishment Alice 1 IAP 2 3 iPOP Call Agent Dispatcher Call Agent Dispatcher 3 4 Call Agent iPOP Carol 16 IAP iPOP Call Agent Dispatcher 13 15 Call Agent 5 Call Agent 12 Bob 11 7 10 Name Mapping Service 14 8 9 IAP 6 Preference Registry 21 Light-Weight Call Session Call Agent Call State Table Announce Call Session Data Path Table Listen Create/tear down data path Add or remove path Call Agent Announce Listen Call Agent Create/tear down data path Auto Path Creation 22 Advantages of Soft State • Dynamic datapath simplification • Fault detection via heartbeat messages • Fault recovery: – IAP locale for hard state – iPOP based on soft state) • Enables important services: – Multiparty call sessions – Service handoff 23 Service Handoff Scenario: Cell Phone to Laptop handoff from cell phone to VAT Cell phone turned off Caller IAP Callee IAP announce announce Listen Listen Start Multicast Session new IAP announce Listen Caller IAP2 24 Service Handoff Scenario handoff from cell phone to VAT Cell phone turned off Caller IAP Start new IAP announce Listen Multicast Session announce Listen Caller IAP2 Callee IAP • • • • • Simple reliability scheme IAP fault tolerant Simultaneous service handoff Multiparty calls trivial Security through encryption 25 Summary Data Plane Operators Connectors APC Paths IAP PRLS PAT Ninja Execution Environment Bases Active Proxies Units Control Plane 26 ICEBERG/NINJA Conclusions • Emerging Network-centric Distributed Architecture spanning processing and access • Open, composable services architecture--the wide-area “operating system” of the 21st Century • Beyond the desktop PC: information appliances supported by infrastructure services--multicast realtime media plus proxies for any-to-any format translation and delivery to diverse devices • Common network core: optimized for data, based on IP, enabling packetized voice, supporting user, terminal, and service mobility 27 Information Technology Expeditions: “Endeavour” • To strive or reach; a serious determined effort (Webster’s 7th New Collegiate Dictionary); British spelling • Captain Cook’s ship from his first voyage of exploration of the great unknown of his day: the southern Pacific Ocean (1768-1771). – These voyages brought brought more land and wealth to the British Empire than any military campaign – Cook’s lasting contribution: comprehensive knowledge of the people, customs, and ideas that lay across the sea – “He left nothing to his successors other than to marvel at the completeness of his work” 28 The Endeavour Expedition: Devices in the eXtreme Information Appliances: Many computers per person, MEMs, CCDs, LCDs, connectivity Information Appliances: Scaled down desktops, e.g., CarPC, PdaPC, etc. Evolution Revolution Evolved Desktops Servers: Scaled-up Desktops, Millennium Mem Smart Spaces Display BANG! Mem Keyboard Disk mProc PC Evolution mProc Information Utility Disk Camera Server, Mem, Disk WAN Camera Display Display Smart Sensors Display Servers: Integrated with comms infrastructure; Lots of computing in small footprint Computing Revolution 29 Endeavour Technical Approach • Information Devices – Beyond desktop computers to MEMS-sensors/actuators with capture/display to yield enhanced activity spaces • Information Utility • Information Applications – High Speed/Collaborative Decision Making and Learning – Augmented “Smart” Spaces: Rooms and Vehicles • Design Methodology – User-centric Design with HW/SW Co-design; – Formal methods for safe and trustworthy decomposable and reusable components “Fluid”, Network-Centric System Software – Partitioning and management of state between soft and persistent state – Data processing placement and movement – Component discovery and negotiation – Flexible capture, selforganization, and re-use of information 30 Interdisciplinary, TechnologyCentered Expedition Team • • • • • • • • • • Alex Aiken, PL Eric Brewer, OS John Canny, AI David Culler, OS/Arch Joseph Hellerstein, DB Michael Jordan, Learning Anthony Joseph, OS Randy Katz, Nets John Kubiatowicz, Arch James Landay, UI • Jitendra Malik, Vision • George Necula, PL • Christos Papadimitriou, Theory • David Patterson, Arch • Kris Pister, Mems • Larry Rowe, MM • Alberto SangiovanniVincentelli, CAD • Doug Tygar, Security • Robert Wilensky, DL/AI 31 Participating ISRG Sponsors Service Companies Computer Companies Communications Companies 32