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A Cross-Layering Design for IPv6 Fast Handover Support in an IEEE 802.16e Wireless MAN Youn-Hee Han, Heejin Jang, JinHyeock Choi, Byungjoo Park and Janise McNair IEEE Network, 2007 1 Outline Introduction IEEE 802.16e WMAN Deployment Architecture and Handover Procedures Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) Cross-layering Design for FMIPv6 over IEEE 802.16e Main Factors of Handover Latency Concluding Remarks 2 Introduction IEEE 802.16e standard adds mobility support to the original standard. Handover is the process of maintaining the active sessions of a mobile terminal When terminal(MS) changes its point of attachment to the access network. 3 Introduction (cont’) There are two types of handovers for the IEEE 82.16e network environment Link layer handover Reside in the same IP subnet. The terminal need only re-establish a link layer connection without changing its IP configuration. IP layer handover Reside in different IP subnet or in different networks. Must establish new link layer connection and new IP configuration. 4 IP Layer Handover IP layer handover for mobile terminal is handled by mobile IPv6(MIPv6). Doesn’t solve the handover latency problem for IEEE 802.16e. With IPv6 alone, three main procedure will result in large delay: It acts as a location and routing-path management protocol. Movement detection Address configuration and confirmation Location registration and return routability Fast MIPv6 was design to reduce or eliminate packet loss and handover delay in MIPv6. 5 IEEE 802.16e Deployment Architecture Centralize Control the subnet Support only PHY and link layer functionality 6 IEEE 802.16e Deployment Architecture 7 IEEE 802.16e Handover Procedure 8 FMIPv6 The primary goal of FMIPv6 is to eliminate the delay on IPv6 Movement detection Address configuration FMIPv6 enable a terminal to quickly detect when it is moving to a new subnet. Two different mode Predictive fast handover Reactive fast handover 9 Predictive Mode 10 Predictive Flowchart Handover Initiation If terminal found new Access point, terminal Handover Acknowledgement will send Router Solicitation for Proxy Advertisement Because get prefix current information of new network, to accessterminal router, to request access router terminal create new Care Address, and send the can prefix information of of access router bysend Proxythe Router Information to current access router by fast binding update. Advertisement. Fast Neighbor Advertisement 11 Reactive Flowchart 12 Add FMIPv6 If the terminal moves to a different subnet Re-configure a new IP address Re-establish its IP connection The terminal must conduct a network layer mobility mechanism. To resume the active session after link layer handover procedure. 13 Cross-Layering Design Trigger IP layer module. 14 Cross-Layering Design Handover Initiation. 15 Cross-Layering Design Handover Execution. 16 Cross-Layering Design Handover Completion 17 18 19 Handover Latency MAC layer delay: the time from MOB_HOIND to network re-entry complete. D1: the time from terminal receiving FBAck to sending MOB_HO-IND message. D2: the time from receiving LINK_UP event until sending FNA message. D3: the time from sending FNA message until receiving the first packet from the target AR. 20 Handover Latency D4: the time from sending FNA message until receiving the first packet from target AR. Predictive mode: MAC layer delay+D1+D2+D3 Reactive mode: MAC layer delay+D2+D4 21 Concluding Remarks Presented two handover protocols for IP layer and MAC layer used in mobile network. Created a cross-layer design to enable proper FMIPv6 with the IEEE 802.16e handover process. Provided three events and one command for supporting interaction between IP layer and MAC layer handover procedure. 22