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Database Administration ISQA 436 Fall 2006 Mark Freeman [email protected] Database Administration ISQA 436 Syllabus Books Attendance Grading WebCT http://psuonline.pdx.edu/ Use your PSU Odin account DATABASE Applications Oracle 10G (v10.2) Database server: SBALABS Local database server on lab desktops Use for SQL and PL/SQL programming assignments You will be assigned a user account Use for DBA lab assignments SQL Developer Enterprise Manager Net configuration/management DATABASE Remote connection Oracle 10g client Service SBALABS Host IP Address (See install/config lab for details) What you should know Basic SQL INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE SELECT WHERE ORDER BY GROUP BY/HAVING Joins (2 or 3 tables) Basic DDL CREATE, ALTER, DROP TABLE, etc What you should know Referential Integrity Primary and Foreign Keys NULL Know about: Views Functions, procedures, triggers Indexes Transactions WHAT WE WILL LEARN Oracle Database Architecture Administration 1. 2. • • • • • 3. 4. Basic DBA tasks Backup and recovery Storage management Network management Security management PL/SQL programming Internet database technology* *As time allows ORACLE TIMELINE* IBM employee E.F. Codd publishes theory of relational databases 1970 Oracle is founded by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates Originally named SDL 1974 IBM develops System R UC Berkeley develops Ingres Neither becomes commercial before Oracle 1977 First commercial relational database is shipped! 1978 Name changed to RSI 1979 1980 Name changed to Oracle * Sources: http://math.hws.edu/vaughn/cpsc/343/2003/history.html http://www.oracle.com/corporate/history.html ORACLE TIMELINE Version 3.0 on minicomputers written in C 1980 1981 1982 Oracle begins development of Oracle Financials software 1983 1984 1985 Version 6.0 PL/SQL Oracle Financials released 1986 1987 1988 IBM releases DB2 Version 4.0 PC version Read consistency Version 5.0 Distributed database Client/server Version 6.2 Parallel Server 1989 1990 ORACLE TIMELINE Version 7.0 on Unix Very Large Databases (VLDB) 1990 1991 1992 $1 billion in sales 1993 1994 Network PC Linux Oracle becomes #1 database company for internet and ERP 1998 1999 Oralce Applications ERP, Supply Chain, Manufacturing, etc.. 1995 1996 1997 Version 8.0, named Oracle8, Released 64-bit Oracle 8i Java OAS 2000 ORACLE TIMELINE Oracle 9i Release 2 2000 2001 2002 Oracle 9i Release 1 Internet Application Server (IAS) Oracle 10g 2003 2004 Oracle Documentation All Oracle documentation is available online http://www.oracle.com/pls/db102/homepage Useful documents for this class* Oracle Database Concepts Database Administrator’s Guide SQL Reference PL/SQL User Guide an Reference * There are more than 200 Oracle documentation manuals DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR What is a DBA? Database Administrator Default Blame Accepter? What does a DBA do? DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR DBA tasks: Database Design and Planning Database Installation and Upgrade Backup and Recovery Storage Management Security Management Network Administration Performance Tuning On-call Emergency Crisis Management DATABASE DESIGN AND PLANNING Capacity planning Network Firewall Concurrancy Distributed databases Database parameters Number and speed of CPU Memory Disk space Size and distribution of data files Sizing and resource allocation Standby and test databases DATABASE INSTALLATION AND UPGRADE What products to install Configuring the operating system memory parameters Oracle account filesystem Installing/configuring database and web servers Installing client software Planning and performing upgrades BACKUP AND RECOVERY Develop backup and recovery plan Implement backup procedures Test recovery plans Schedule exports and other specialneeds backups STORAGE MANAGEMENT Ensure enough disk space and data files for growth Monitor growth Schedule database reorganizations SECURITY MANAGEMENT Create database user accounts and roles Grant and revoke privileges Maintain operating system security Network security firewall Web server security Encryption NETWORK ADMINISTRATION Server network configuration Client network configuration Distributed database configuration Managing connection capacity PERFORMANCE TUNING Monitor performance response time resource contention CPU Memory Disk Network Adjust database parameters accordingly Assist in SQL statement tuning ON-CALL CRISIS MANAGEMENT Anticipate emergencies and take preventative measures Respond to pager at 3am Keep a cool head Call Oracle for support Minimize damage Minimize downtime