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Affordable Wireless Mobile Broadband Communication & Services Challenges & Key research areas Jens Zander Scientific Director Center for Wireless Systems Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden Wireless Internet - the main 3G driver • What is “Internet” ? – To “the man in the street” = Web-browsing - multimedia service platform – Interactive information services – Streaming audio/video – Rich exponentially growing content – For free…. The cost barrier Csystem N user Buser Aservice f (Q) Nuser= # of users Buser= Bandwidth(Data rate) per user Aservice= Intended service area f(Q) = QoS-dependent capacity margin Fundamental limitations “Shannons brick wall” BW 100M ? 10M 1M WLAN Equicost/Equipower line BT 100K 10K UMTS GSM Body/ Personal Indoor Satellit Local Wide area Global coverage The two industries…... The Telecom -Approach • Key objective: – – • Solution: – – • Assertain Service Quality Simple, basic services Service guarantees at network level Application taylored systems Consequence: – – High efficiency Low flexibility The two industries…... The DATACOM -Approach Applications Applications Transport TCP, UDP Network IP Transport TCP, UDP Network IP Link layer Link layer Physical layer Physical layer • Key objective: – – • Solution: – – – • Assertain functionality & transparancy Complex services Layered architecture Encapsulation Hide underlying implementation Consequence: – – – Overhead Poor performance Almost no guarantees The fundamental problem of the traditional telecom industry…... Revenue Applications Applications Transport TCP, UDP Network IP Transport TCP, UDP Network IP Link layer Link layer Physical layer Physical layer Cost Conclusions - Rationale • Affordability- not expected user demands - is the key driver for consumers • Applications are developed fast • Infrastructure deployment is slow • Applications/terminals (software & Moores law) can & will adapt to infrastructure deficiencies Breaking the cost barrier Csystem N user Buser Aservice f (Q) • Sacrifice bandwidth/compatibility ? (Lower B) • Sacrifice uniform coverage (Lower A) • Sacrifice QoS guarantees (Lower f(Q) - delay, availability..) ”Infrastructure” cost factors BS Equipment Deployment Wired Network Operating cost 2 paths to affordable infrastructure Adaptive Infrastructure Ad-hoc Infrastructure Flexible: Adapt to various services Adaptive applications - given network Given applications - adaptive network Less QoS guarantees - less resources need to be provided More efficient - less overprovisioning of resoruces Fewer base stations - lower cost More base stations - radically lower deployement cost Affordable infrastructure Example 1: Smart applications Low rate everywhere “Infinite” bandwidth - almost nowhere Very low cost Adaptive, Smart & Memory intensive applications! Ideal for consumer applications Moore laws applies to Memory size & MIPS - not to cables & concrete Example 2: Self-deployed/ Ad-hoc networking • Cost reduction – Multi-operator or User-deployed – Self-organizing - organic growth – Multihop forwarding reduce wired access network cost • Partial & sporadic coverage • Dynamic sharing of the unlicensed spectrum with (almost) no QoS guarantees • The “true wireless internet”! Some key research issues • Adapting multimedia applications – surviving without QoS guarantees & overprovisioning • Unlicensed / Multi-operator/ Adhoc/Multistandard spectrum sharing • Scalability – Wireless communication everywhere and between every device ? • Business models for ubiquitous computing and communication Research Roadmap Services & Applications Vision Demonstrator EMC & Human Interaction Context Aware Services Business Models for Ubiquitous Services Ubiquitous Services & Sensors Informed Audio/Video Coding Mobile Service Platforms Multidescription Coding Memory intensive apps SmartMedia Scalability Mobility Management Adaptive Infrastructure Networks Infrastructure Business Models ABC/Multiradio Access Network Architecure & Resources MultiQoS RRM Large Scale Ad-hoc Networks Low cost Ad-hoc Network Architecture Self-deployed systems Physical layer Spectrum Management & Licensing MIMO GB-radio transmission Adaptive Radio Short term ‘02 Medium Term ‘03-04 Long Term ‘05 -