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NGN- Interconnection
S. K. Gupta, Advisor (CN&IT)
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
Agenda
NGN- Interconnection Issues
Way forward
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NGN- Interconnection issues
 Interconnection
among
networks is necessary to
ensure end-to-end services
to the subscribers
 TDM based interconnection
is simple and well defined
 Multiservice IP Based
interconnection is complex
 Well defined regulatory
framework to ensure
effective interconnection
among service providers is
necessary to promote
competition and reduce
entry barriers
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TDM based interconnection
◦ Hierarchical points of interconnection
◦ Use of standard SS7 signaling
◦ Interconnection to primarily support
voice calls
◦ Pre-determined routing of calls based
on dialed numbers
NGN based interconnection
◦ Flat interconnection
◦ Use of different signaling and
protocols to support multiple services
◦ Interconnection needs to supports
multiple services
◦ Dynamic policy based traffic routing
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NGN- Interconnection issues
Present Networks
Compatibility mainly
addressed by service specific
networks
NGN
Compatibility
at UNI, NNI is
crucial due to
high flexibility
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NGN- Interconnection issues
 NGN
is considered as converged
network aggregating different
functionalities of existing network
with common IP backbone
 It looks simple in theory but
implementation is complex
 Challenges :
◦ Interoperability among networks
using multiple protocols
◦ Implementing open interface
between application & network
and delivering end-to-end
service with defined QoS
parameters
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NGN- Interconnection issues
Point of interconnection
 Centralized vs. Hierarchical
 Peer to Peer vs. Interconnect
Exchange
 Support for existing TDM
Networks
 Time frame for co-existence of
TDM & NGN before complete
migration to NGN
 Revised Interconnect Offer
 Model of physical
Interconnection
Interconnection evolution

◦ TDM- TDM
◦ TDM – NGN
◦ NGN – NGN
Related Issues
◦ Point of centralized
interconnection
◦ Ensuring security at interconnect
point
◦ Funding and management of
interconnect exchange
◦ Ensuring QoS at interconnection
◦ Effective resource management
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NGN- Interconnection issues
 Signaling
requirement
◦ Support for signaling protocols to
suit present network requirements
and future service requirement at
interconnection. Presently SS7 is
standard signaling protocol in TDM
networks.
 Signaling
has to be deliberated at
◦ Network-Network Interface (NNI)
level
◦ User -Network Interface level (UNI)
◦ Application- Network Interface
(ANI) level
◦ Between Gateway and Session
Border Controller (SBC)
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Typical NGN Signaling
◦ NNI : SIP-1, BICC and H.323
◦ Physical interface : SDH or
Gigabit Ethernet
◦ Within Networks : MPLS, RPR
◦ ANI: SIP, INAP, SMTP, FTP
◦ Media Gateway: H.248
◦ Media Signaling Gateways :
SIGTRAN
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NGN- Interconnection issues
 Compatibility
Issue:
◦ Different protocols used in
NGN has been developed
with different approach
◦ Number of functionalities
have been left as optional
◦ Ensuring end-to-end
services using optional
protocol functionalities by
few vendors may be
difficult
◦ Protocol translation for
such optional facilities by
session border controller
is a challenge
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H.323
 It is umbrella specification defined by
ITU and consists of
◦
◦
◦
◦
H.225 RAS Signalling
H.245 Control Signaling
H. 450 Supplementary services
Other standards for voice and video
SIP

It is created by Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF) as
RFC 2543
◦
◦
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Provide advance signalling and control
functionalities
Uses RTP/RTCP for real time data
transmission
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NGN: Session Border Controller
 NGN
network require:
◦ Physical Interpretabilities with
different networks using different
interfaces
◦ Isolation of network from others in
case of attacks/networks related
problem
◦ Support for variety of protocols for
different services
◦ Flexibility of designing network
topology and resource management
within network
◦ Facilitate effective communication
with other network
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Session Border
Controller is
a Solution
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NGN: Session Border Controller
 SBC
is ideally situated
to interconnect
disparate networks and
provides following
capabilities:
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
Connectivity
Network Address
Translation
Security
Policy Enforcement and
QoS control
Regulatory Compliance
Billing
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Role of SBC
◦ Managing signaling and media
paths for a multimedia session
◦ Scalability of wider range of
applications over networks
◦ Provide comprehensive security
and ways to monetize running
services
◦ Regulatory provisions such as
Lawful interception
◦ Honoring SLAs with peers and
customers
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NGN: Session Border Controller
 SBC
deployment
approaches in
service
providers
networks
includes :
◦ Service providerto- service
Provider
Interconnect
◦ Service Providerto-Enterprise
Peering
◦ Service Providerto-Residential
Interconnect
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Source: www.cisco.com
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NGN- Interconnection issues
 NGN
may enable more
services leading to
additional functional
flexibility .
 Numbering/addressing
to
be used in NGN shall
complement and support
existing numbering
scheme.
NGN should support:
◦ Number portability
◦ Carrier Selection etc.
Probable NGN addressing :
◦ IPv4 /IPv6 addresses
◦ Domain Name Server
◦ Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
etc.
 National
numbering plans
may need modification.
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NGN- Interconnection issues
Measurement and
accounting of traffic :
◦ NGN-NGN
◦ Application providerNGN
◦ NGN - End user for
different applications
 Charging on functional
and application basis

Inter-operator Compensation :
◦ Charging for QoS, BW, application at
interconnect points
Typical NGN charging :
◦ CPNP , Bill and Keep, QoS based Charging
◦ Volume and Hit based charging
NGN Charging challenges:
◦ Lower cost more functionality
◦ Sharing of Intelligent networks
◦ Benefits of distinction between transport
and services
◦ Reconciliation of application / content
providers charges in
 “on-deck” scenario
 “ off-deck” scenario
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Way Forward
 Need
for close coordination of relevant groups to
develop region specific understanding on parameter left
for country specific needs/ future requirement
 Development
of local certifying agencies / test labs for
interface approval
 Mandate
use of only approved interfaces in NGN
networks
 Close
coordination with vendors to overcome
bottleneck and foster competition.
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Thank You
S K Gupta , Advisor, TRAI
Mahanagar Doorsanchar Bhawan,
J.L. Nehru Marg, New Delhi – 110002
Ph. +91-11- 23217914 (O)
+91-11- 23211998 (Fax)
[email protected]
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