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MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection A new paradigm for providing Bandwidth Protection Amrit Hanspal Product Manager – MPLS & QoS MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer Internet Technologies Division © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Agenda • Introduction / Background • What is Bandwidth Protection? What are the current approaches for Bandwidth Protection? What are the issues with current approaches? • Introducing Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection New Paradigm Cisco IOS® MPLS TE Fast Reroute Tunnel Builder Pro • ROI and Benefits Ordering Info • Summary MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 MPLS Is Key technology for Delivery of Layer 2 & Layer 3 Services ATM Services IP Services Optical Services IP PNNI IP MPLS IP+ATM Switch IP+ATM Integration O-UNI Traffic Engineering: Optimization for Additional traffic =>$$ MPLS VPNs: Build Once / Sell Many Network Based VPNs MPLS Bandwidth Protection - Protection Solution Reduction in CAPEX & OPEX © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. MPLS IP+Optical Switch IP+Optical Integration Frame Relay Customer IP Services Frame Relay ATM Layer 2 Integration for a Single Converged Network 4 Infrastructure Focus of Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Agenda • Introduction / Background • What is Bandwidth Protection? What are the current approaches for Bandwidth Protection? What are the issues with current approaches? • Introducing Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection New Paradigm Cisco IOS MPLS TE Fast Reroute Tunnel Builder Pro • ROI and Benefits Ordering Info • Summary MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 What is Bandwidth Protection? Subscribers want bandwidth and services from point A to B for Voice & Video traffic. They do not care what happens in the network – HOW it is offered by a Service Provider is secondary. Video Video 100Mbps of Primary Bandwidth 100Mbps of Backup Bandwidth Voice Voice Bandwidth Protection is NOT a new problem – but using MPLS we have a new paradigm to provide a solution MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Current Approaches to Providing Bandwidth Protection SONET Automatic Protection Switching (APS) / SDH Multiplexed Switching Protection (MSP) Working (Active) Router / Linecard Active Circuit ADM Optical Network Protect Circuit Protect (Backup) Router / Linecard Results in 1:1 Backup Bandwidth that is non-revenue generating MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Issues with SONET APS / SDH MPS Business Very High Operating Expenses (OPEX) – Recurring costs in redundant circuits High Capital Expenses (CAPEX) – External Muxes or Linecards/Router ports Technical Dedicated redundant circuits known as ‘protect circuit’ required Does not leverage unused bandwidth in a network Node/Router failures cannot be handled IP routing convergence still takes seconds, beyond 50ms of physical layer Very Expensive!! MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 What Service Providers Yearn for… Business • Increase Revenues – better SLAs – Ability to provide bandwidth from point A to B irrespective of the operational state of the network • Reduce Capital Expenses – leverage existing infrastructure • Reduce Operating Expenses – reduce recurring circuit costs Technical • Backup Bandwidth needs to be shared – multiple simultaneous failures are rare • Networks tend to run at sustained 50%-60% utilization – a lot of unused bandwidth is available • Link failures are most common, however Node/Router failures need to be addressed • Human brain can perceive bad voice quality within 150 milliseconds – failures need to happen well within this timeslot – 50 milliseconds Need flexible and cost effective protection scheme !! MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Agenda • Introduction / Background • What is Bandwidth Protection? What are the current approaches for Bandwidth Protection? What are the issues with current approaches? • Introducing Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection New Paradigm IOS® MPLS TE Fast Reroute Tunnel Builder Pro • ROI and Benefits Ordering Info • Summary MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection Introducing Tunnel Builder Pro and Cisco IOS® Software Enhancements Solution consists of a Centralized Server - Tunnel Builder Pro - that computes backup tunnels used by MPLS Traffic Engineering Fast Reroute in Cisco IOS Software, such that a bandwidth guarantee can be met during a failure condition New + Tunnel Builder Pro MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco IOS MPLS TE Fast Reroute 12 SONET APS/SDH MSP vis-à-vis Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection SONET/SDH Active Dedicated Backup Considerations: • Cost of dedicated backup circuits • Cost of additional ports • Mesh underutilized Bandwidth Protection using MPLS Linecard/Mux - $$ Circuits - $$$ Active Shared Backup Considerations: • Cost of Tunnel Builder Pro Advantages: • Mesh fully utilized MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Active 13 Bandwidth Protection – Key Highlights Moving from “Connectivity Protection” to “Bandwidth Protection” • Enables a cost-effective alternate to 1:1 SONET/SDH protection schemes (does not imply removing SONET/SDH circuits) • Can also be used in a complementary manner providing an additional layer of protection • Enables the concept of shared backup bandwidth – regular FRR uses Zero bandwidth backup tunnels Leverages unused bandwidth in a network • Enables building “carrier class” SLAs, with more bandwidth control and reduced costs • Bandwidth Protection is a complicated mathematical problem – “NPcomplete” Uses a centralized server approach to provide Bandwidth Protection Simplifies Network Management by providing a GUI interface • Enables Voice and Video Applications to be carried over a Packet Infrastructure MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Background - Fast Reroute Link & Node Protection Router A Router B Router D New 12.0(22)S Router E Router F Router Y Router X Router C Primary Tunnel: A -> B -> D -> E -> F BackUp Tunnel: B -> C -> E (Pre-provisioned) Connectivity Protection is provided by Fast Reroute Bandwidth Protection is provided by Fast Reroute + Tunnel Builder Pro MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 “Maximum Protectable Capacity” – Backup Bandwidth Max Utilization During Failure Max. Protectable Capacity Used for primary LSP admission Available Capacity For Backup • Pool sizes configured by operator • Unprotected LSPs may use remaining capacity • Max. Utilization may be > 100% Backup Bw + Sub/Global Pool = Link speed x Utilization Factor MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 RSVP Hellos and Backup Path Management New 12.0(22)S • Ability to load balance • Ability to promote • Ability to use multiple backup tunnels for multiple primary tunnels Backup Tunnel RSVP Hellos for Failure Detection RSVP Hellos for Failure Detection Primary Tunnel Backup Tunnel Flow of Traffic MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 Scenario 1: Backup Bandwidth Sharing R4 R8 R3 R1 R5 R10 Bypass tunnel for R5 R6 R7 Bypass tunnel for R4 • Only need to allocate enough BW on R3-R6-R7-R8 to protect for a single node failure – “N:1” protection MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 Scenario 2: Backup Bandwidth Sharing at Work R2 R3 15 R1 R5 15 20 R4 • Objective: Protect Router, R1 – Orange and Blue Tunnels • Naïve approach – each tunnel needs capacity 15 Mbps • Shared approach – allocate 20Mbps on Links, R2 -> R3 -> R4; 15 Mbps on R5 -> R2 MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro – A brief history • Cisco centralized server application • Joint development with PARC Technologies for backup route generation • PARC Technologies –Headquartered in London, England –PARC Technologies is a leading developer of optimization and search software – especially Hybrid Optimization problems that are NP-complete –Has proven solutions in other areas - Airline Industry Operations Management MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro Sept 2002 Tunnel Builder Pro Tunnel Builder Tunnel Builder Client (HTML/Java Based) Backup Route Generator (BRG) MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer Seed Router Tunnel Builder Server (Solaris / Windows) © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Cisco Tunnel Builder GUI 1 Control Panel 1 2 Display Panel 3 Status Panel 2 3 MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 Bandwidth Protection – The Complexity 2 Router Network Size of problem = 1x2 Time to compute solution = 2 seconds 16 Router Network NP Complete Size of problem = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 .... x 16 Time to compute solution = 663,000 YEARS!!! Bandwidth Protection implies computing backup tunnels for each node/ router such that an end to end bandwidth bound can be provided Classified as “NP-complete” problem – very hard to solve A sophisticated mathematical algorithm is needed !! MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 Hybrid Optimization Algorithms at Work 1. Divide and Conquer Sub-problem 1 Subproblem 2 Subproblem 3 Sub-problem 4 Problem Space Integrator A 2. Search and Integrate Solver 1 Solver 2 Solver 3 MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer Integrator B © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 TB Pro versus Constrained Shortest Path First (CSPF) Node Protection, Comparative Results Network 1 Backbone - 152 router protection scenarios Algorithm Protected Proved Impossible No solution found CSPF-Based 54 12 86 TB Pro 134 17 1 Network 2 backbone - 100 router protection scenarios Algorithm Protected Proved Impossible No Solution found CSPF-Based 28 0 72 TB Pro 98 2 0 TB Pro running on a Intel PIII @ 1Ghz with 1G RAM for approx. 20 minutes MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 25 Agenda • Introduction / Background • What is Bandwidth Protection? What are the current approaches for Bandwidth Protection? What are the issues with current approaches? • Introducing Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection New Paradigm IOS® MPLS TE Fast Reroute Tunnel Builder Pro • ROI and Benefits Ordering Info • Summary MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 A Quick ROI Analysis $1,400,000 $1,200,000 Annual Costs $1,000,000 London <-> NYC $800,000 Brussels <-> NYC Paris <-> Washington DC $600,000 Amsterdam <-> NYC $400,000 $200,000 $0 DS-3 OC-3/STM-1 OC-12/STM-4 OC-48/STM-16 Source: Trafica @ PBI Media, June 2002 Speed Capital Expenses Operating (Recurring) Expenses Total (for 10 Routers)* SONET APS/ SDH MSP Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection ~$150,000 – OC-48 Linecard $300,000 – TB Pro List $800,000 – OC-48 Circuit No additional costs $16.15 million $5.55 million Phenomenal Savings!!! MPLS Bandwidth Protection *Degree of connectivity – 3.4; Total – 17 links; Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 70% adoption rate of MPLS BW Protection; Training Costs - $400K 27 Cisco Differentiation: Bandwidth Protection Using MPLS Cisco FRR with TBPro FRR w/o BW Protection Recovery in milliseconds Y Y Y Link Protection Y Y Y Node Protection Y Y N Efficient Use of Bandwidth Y Y N Bandwidth Guarantees Y N Y* Cost $** $ $$$ SONET APS / SDH MSP * Against link failure only ** Cost of TB Pro is relatively small MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 MPLS Bandwidth Protection: Reduced Costs Provide a simple low cost alternative to SONET/SDH Protection Solution Can also be used in a complementary manner • Reduces overall cost of network protection by eliminating non revenue producing backup circuits and associated additional routers/linecards • Leverages unused bandwidth and eliminates overprovisioning • Reduces penalty payments for SLA violations • Enables infrastructure convergence by reliable transport of Voice, Video and Data over MPLS enabled IP networks • Reduces Management costs by providing easy to use GUI MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 MPLS Bandwidth Protection: Increased Revenues Provide a flexible “carrier class” SLA • Allows for higher degree of bandwidth control Lesser Packet Loss for Voice/Video traffic Better control on Delay – higher Voice/Video quality Reduced Jitter providing for fewer out of order packets • Allows “carrier class” SLAs Offer “Protected” circuits Offer “Unprotected” circuits MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 30 Availability Technology Tunnel Builder 2.0 Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 Availability September 2002 MPLS TE Link and IOS® Release Node Protection, with 12.0(22)S RSVP Hellos Support Value-add Simplifies configuration of MPLS TE tunnels thru’ GUI Provides bandwidth protection for “carrier class” SLAs and reduced costs Provides protection for link failure Provides protection for node failure Provides ability to have Backup Bandwidth Pool Uses RSVP Hellos to support non-POS interfaces – Fast Ethernet / Gigabit Ethernet Backup Path Management – Promotions, Multiple Backup Tunnels MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 Tunnel Builder Roadmap Future Tunnel Builder Integrated with VPN Solution Center Single tool for VPN + TE + QoS Functionality Today Tunnel Builder 2.0 – “Configuration” Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 – “Bandwidth Protection” Q1 CY’02 Tunnel Builder 1.0 “Configuration” MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer Time © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 32 How to order Tunnel Builder 2.0 Tunnel Builder Ver 2.0 TB2.0-APP-25 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 25 Router Pack TB2.0-APP-50 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 50 Router Pack TB2.0-APP-75 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 75 Router Pack TB2.0-APP-100 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 100 Router Pack TB2.0-APP-150 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 150 Router Pack TB2.0-APP-UL Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App Unlimited Router Pack Tunnel Builder Ver 2.0 Upgrades TB2.0-APP-50U Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 25->50 Upgrade TB2.0-APP-75U Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 50->75 Upgrade TB2.0-APP-100U Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 75->100 Upgrade TB2.0-APP-150U Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 100->150 Upgrade TB2.0-APP-ULU Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 2.0 App 150->Unlimited Upgrade MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 33 How to order Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 Tunnel Builder Pro Ver 2.0 TBPRO2.0-25 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 25 Router Pack TBPRO2.0-50 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 50 Router Pack TBPRO2.0-75 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 75 Router Pack TBPRO2.0-100 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 100 Router Pack TBPRO2.0-150 Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 150 Router Pack TBPRO2.0-UL Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 Unlimited Router Pack Tunnel Builder Pro Ver 2.0 Upgrades TBPRO2.0-50U Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 25->50 Upgrade TBPRO2.0-75U Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 50->75 Upgrade TBPRO2.0-100U Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 75->100 Upgrade TBPRO2.0-150U Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 100->150 Upgrade TBPRO2.0-ULU Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder Pro 2.0 150->Unlimited Upgrade Tunnel Builder Ver 1.0 Upgrades TB2.0-50-UPG Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 1.0->2.0 50 Router Pack Upgrade TB2.0-50t150-UPG Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 1.0->2.0 50->150 Router Pack Upgrade TB2.0-150U-UPG Cisco MPLS Tunnel Builder 1.0->2.0 150+ Router Upgrade Pack MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 34 Agenda • Introduction / Background • What is Bandwidth Protection? What are the current approaches for Bandwidth Protection? What are the issues with current approaches? • Introducing Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection New Paradigm IOS® MPLS TE Fast Reroute Tunnel Builder Pro • ROI and Benefits Ordering Info • Summary MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 35 The Cisco IOS Software Advantage Shipped MPLS in Cisco IOS Software release 11.1CT - July 1998 First to deploy MPLS in a production network First to deploy MPLS Traffic Engineering First to deploy MPLS VPNs First to deploy QoS-enhanced MPLS TE First to ship MPLS TE Fast Reroute First to ship MPLS Managed Shared Services Broadest platform support Interoperable solution based in standards First to ship MPLS Bandwidth Protection MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 36 Cisco MPLS Bandwidth Protection Summary • Reduce costs – cost effective alternate to SONET/SDH protection • Additional Level of Protection – Complements SONET/SDH protection • • • • Leverage Unused Bandwidth in the Network Enable Packet based Infrastructure Convergence Reduce Network Management costs Allow for tighter control on bandwidth – packet loss, delay & jitter • Enable “carrier class” SLAs MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 37 Acronym Guide APS Automatic Protection Switching POS Packet over SONET ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode QoS Quality of Service CAPEX Capital Expenditure RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol CE Customer Edge SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy FRR Fast Reroute SLA Service Level Agreement GUI Graphical User Interfacce SONET Synchronous Optical Network IP Internet Protocol SP Service Provider ISP Internet Service Provider TB Tunnel Builder MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching TB Pro Tunnel Builder Pro MSP Multiplexed Switching Protection TE Traffic Engineering MUXES Multiplexers UNI User-Network Interface OPEX Operational Expenditure VPN Virtual Private Network MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 38 MPLS Bandwidth Protection Customer © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 39