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May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Media Access Control proposal for the 802.15.4 Low Rate WPAN Standard] Date Submitted: [May 2001] Source: [Phil Jamieson] Company: [Philips Semiconductors] Address: [Cross Lake Lane, , Redhill, Surrey RH1 5HA, United Kingdom] Voice:[+44 1293 815 265], FAX: [+44 1293 815 050], E-Mail:[[email protected]] Re: [ MAC layer proposal submission, in response of the Call for Proposals ] Abstract: [This contribution is a highly flexible MAC proposal for a Low Rate WPAN intended to be compliant with the P802.15.4 PAR. It is intended to support both master-slave and virtual peer-to-peer communications for low data rate networks. It is designed to support ultra low power consumption for battery operated nodes at very low implementation cost. The network is capable of supporting 254 nodes and one master with 7 co-located networks operating at the same time. The number of devices in the network can be increased by using IEEE addresses.] Purpose: [Response to IEEE 802.15.4 TG Call for Proposals] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Submission Slide 1 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Target Markets Monitors Sensors Automation Control Consumer Electronics Industrial & Commercial TV VCR DVD CD Remote PC Peripherals Low Data Rate Radio Devices Personal Healthcare Monitors Diagnostics Sensors Submission Toys & Games PETs Gameboys Educational Slide 2 Home Automation Mouse Keyboard Joystick Gamepad Security HVAC Lighting Closures Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 TG4 Drivers Extremely low cost Ease of installation Reliable data transfer Short range operation • Reasonable battery life Simple but flexible protocol Submission Slide 3 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Protocol Overview • • • • • • Topology Channel access Raw data rates Data throughput Basic capacity Co-located networks Submission Master/slave CSMA/TDMA 28kbps & 250kbps >10kbps & >100kbps 254 nodes 7 Slide 4 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Node Architecture PURL API PURL NWK PURL DLC PURL MAC PURL PHY RF PURL On-air Protocol Stack Submission Slide 5 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Network Topology Master node Slave node IEEE slave node Communications flow Virtual links Submission Slide 6 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Other Network Forms Master node Ad-hoc network Slave node Gateway Communications flow Gateway enabled network Submission Slide 7 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 The Master Device • • • • • • Submission Transmits network beacons Sets up a network Manages slave devices Stores slave device information Routes messages between paired slaves Receives constantly Slide 8 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 The Slave Device • • • • • • Is generally battery powered Searches for available networks Transfers data from its application as necessary Determines whether data is pending Requests data from the master Can sleep for extended periods Submission Slide 9 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Slave Device Addressing • 64-bit unique (IEEE) address – hard-coded per device • Network address – taken from the network beacon • 8-bit short allocated address – allocated on network connection Submission Slide 10 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Capacity • • • • • One master unit Up to 254 allocated nodes 64-bit IEEE nodes (only memory limited) 4 low latency devices 7+ co-located networks Submission Slide 11 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Supported Traffic Types • Periodic data – application defined rate • Intermittent – basic communication • Repetitive low latency data – allocation of time slots Submission Slide 12 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Time Frame (High Data Rate) Slot 3 Slot 2 Slot 1 15ms Allocate slot of 3 chunks Contention period is 19 chunks Allocate slot of 3 chunks Contention period is 16 chunks Allocate slot of 5 chunks Contention period is 11 chunks Network beacon Submission Beacon extension period Slide 13 Contention period Allocated slot Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Data Transfers (High Data Rate) Uplink transfer: Network Beacon Data Packet Data Handshake Data Request Data Packet Downlink transfer: Network Beacon From Master Submission Message Transfers Slide 14 Data Handshake From Slave Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Data Transfers (Low Data Rate) Uplink transfer: Data Packet Data Handshake Data Packet Data Handshake Data Packet Data Handshake Downlink transfer: Data Request Data Packet From Master Submission Data Handshake Message Transfers Slide 15 From Slave Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Frame Structures High Data Rate Frame Structure: 16 bits 8 bits Start of Preamble Frame Delimiter 8 bits 8 bits 16 bits 8/64 bits 8n bits 8/16 bits Frame Length Control Network Address Device Address Payload Checksum Low Data Rate Frame Structure: 128 bits 63 bits Start of Preamble Frame Delimiter Submission 8 bits 8 bits 16 bits 8/64 bits 8n bits Frame Length Control Network Address Device Address Payload Checksum Slide 16 8/16 bits Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Connecting to a Network Master Slave PERMIT-CONNECTION CONNECT BEACON CONNECT ACK CONNECT-CONF ACK NEW-DEVICE Submission CONNECT-CONF Slide 17 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Registration/Authentication Master Slave NEW-DEVICE GET-DESC BEACON DATA-REQ GET-DESC ACK GET-DESC DESC-DATA DATA ACK DESC-DATA RESET RESET RESET Submission Slide 18 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Reliability • Authentication – All data transfers must use the network address • Packet reliability – Transfers are fully handshaked • Master stability – Master capable nodes can act as backup masters – Periodic health check for the master – Devices can enter extended beacon search Submission Slide 19 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Slave Power Management • • • • Protocol is design for low power devices All transfers are slave initiated Sleep periods are application defined Slave devices wake on – external interrupt from some user stimulus – application defined interval – health check cycle Submission Slide 20 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 Pairing Links • Slaves do not store network information – “phone book” requires storage space – must be continuously updated • Slaves are able to request a connection – intuitive user operation: 1st slave, 2nd slave – master creates and manages link • Routing performed at the master device • Links can be broken in the same way Submission Slide 21 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 MAC System Requirements • • • • 8-bit C, e.g. 80c51 Full protocol stack <32k Slave only stack ~4k Masters require extra RAM – device database – pairing table Submission Slide 22 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 MAC Evaluation Matrix Criteria Transparent to upper layer protocols (TCP/IP) Unique 48-bit address Simple network join/unjoin procedures Device registration Delivered data throughput Traffic types Topology Maximum number of devices Submission Value Yes, master or slave Uses unique 64-bit address Yes, with simple user intervention Yes, using device descriptors >10kbps or >100kbps Continuous, periodic & intermittent Master/slave 254 allocated, unlimited using IEEE Slide 23 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors May 2001 doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/234r0 MAC Evaluation Matrix, cont…. Criteria Ad-hoc network Access to a gateway Master redundancy Loss of connection Power management types Authentication Privacy Submission Value Yes, using master capable devices Yes, via the master or a slave Yes, backup master feature Retries, health check, extended search on other channels Slave sleep periods are application defined Devices must use network address Application responsibility Slide 24 Phil Jamieson, Philips Semiconductors