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Best viewed in slide-show for hot links and slide builds IBM® System Storage™ N series The Revolution of Storage presented by [email protected] May 25, 2017 © 2007 IBM Corporation Agenda Introduction and Roadmap Hardware Portfolio Overview Software Features and Functions Solution Scenarios Summary 2 © 2007 IBM Corporation N series Hardware Portfolio All Systems share the same: N5200 N5500 N7600 N7800 Gateway Gateway Gateway Gateway • Network Protocols: NAS, iSCSI, FC SAN ...simultaneously • Operating system • System management tools FAS270 V3020 N5200 N5200 V3050 N5500 N5500 V3070 N5600 N5600 V6030 N7600 N7600 V6070 N7800 N7800 • Storage management tools • Multiple RAID levels … including double parity • High availability features … hot swap and redundancy • Disk Drives: FC & SATA … intermixed on all systems NEW • Non-erasable, Non-rewritable WORM data protection N3700 • Advanced software features and functions* 16TB 84TB 4 168TB 252TB 336TB 420TB (non-clustered) (clustered) 336TB 504TB (non-clustered) (clustered) * Some features not available on gateway models © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM System Storage N3700 N3700 available in single or dual storage controller Cluster controller are designed to offer redundancy, higher availability and increased performance Compact 3U drawer scales to 4TB* Three addition expansion units allow a maximum of 16TB* Single platform offers Unified Protocol support NAS, iSCSI (IP SAN) & FCP (FC SAN) protocol attachment to Windows, Unix and Linux environments Enabler for IP-based SANs Rock solid foundation offers redundant hot swappable components and robust copy services N3700 Suitable for lights-out operation in distributed environments Extremely suitable for SMB mission critical environments * Raw capacity 6 © 2007 IBM Corporation N5200, N5500 & N5600 Hardware Specific Overview 9 © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM System Storage™ N5000 series Newly rebranded NetApp Midrange Storage Systems Two Systems with Two Models N5200 (Single Filer or Clustered) N5500 (Single Filer or Clustered) N5600 (Single Filer or Clustered) NAS & IP SAN Connects to NAS, IP SAN and FC SAN environments FC SAN Concurrently 40+ Advanced Software Features Copy Services, multiple protocols, virtualization, WORM data protection, database usability FC or SATA or Mixed Disk Drive options FC drive options Used for high performance, mission critical production data SATA options can be used for Disk backup options (Nearline storage) Archive storage WORM protection data Unified Storage for Everyone 10 N5200 N5500 84TB 168TB © 2007 IBM Corporation * Active/Active Configuration N5000 series Overview Features and functions supported N5200* N5500* N5600* All All All Network Protocol Support CIFS, NFS V2/V3/V3 over UDP or TCP, iSCSI, FCP, HTTP, FTP, NDMP, SNMP FC Disk Drive Options 72GB 10K, 72GB 15K, 144GB 10K, 300GB 10K SATA Disk Drive Options 250GB 7.5K, 320GB, 500GB 7.5K Expansion Units EXN1000 = SATA disk drives EXN2000 = FC disk drives RAID RAID-4, RAID-DP Physical CPUs Two 2.8GHz Xeon Four 2.8GHz Xeon Four 1.8 GHz AMD dual core 64-bit Opteron NVRAM NV5 (1 GB) NV5 (1 GB) NV5 (1 GB) Memory 4 GB 8 GB 16 GB PCI-X Slots 6 6 6 Onboard I/O ports 8 GbE 8 FC 8 GbE 8 FC 8 GbE 8 FC High Availability Features Max. Storage Capacity 11 Redundant storage controllers, power supplies, fans, Hot-pluggable fans, disks, power supplies 84TB 168TB 252TB © 2007 IBM Corporation N7000 Appliance Overview • N7000 Appliance Models (A10 & A20) • N7600 • Scales to 420 TB of integrated disk storage • N7800 • Scales to 504 TB of integrated disk storage • Equivalent to NetApp FAS6030 & FAS6070 models • Models A10 – Single Storage Controller • Models A20 – Clustered Storage Controller • Occupies 12 rack units • Provides simultaneous NAS, iSCSI & FC SAN (FCP) solution • Supports both EXN1000 (SATA) & EXN2000 (FC) Expansion Units • Introduces 4 Gbps FC host attachment • Over 40 advanced software features • 3 year hardware & software warranty Available September 1, 2006 12 © 2007 IBM Corporation Supported Expansion Units for Appliance Models EXN1000 contains up to 14 SATA drives 250GB, 7.5K RPM 320GB, 7.5K RPM 500GB, 7.5K RPM EXN2000 contains up to 14 fibre channel drives 72GB, 10K RPM 72GB, 15K RPM 144GB, 10K RPM 144GB, 15K RPM 300GB, 10K RPM 16 © 2007 IBM Corporation N Series Offers SATA & FC Disk Drive Concurrently Multi-protocol, Heterogeneous Environment On-line, high-performance, mission critical production data repository NAS Maximum IP (iSCSI) SATASAN disk drives IP SAN (iSCSI) Versatility FC SAN (FCP) Solution Data Retention to help meet the needs of customers required to store data in nonFC SAN (FCP) erasable and non-rewritable (WORM) formats 17 NAS Fibre channel disk drives Nearline storage used for tiered storage or infrequently accessed data iSCSI FCP CIFS NFS N5000 series SATA disk drives © 2007 IBM Corporation Announcing: N series Gateways N series Gateways Models N5200-G10/G20 N5500-G10/G20 N7600-G10/G20 N7800-G10/G20 (2864-G10/G20) (2865-G10/G20) (2866-G10/G20) (2867-G10/G20) Uses same storage controllers as Appliance (A10 & A20) models G10 – Single storage controller configuration G20 – Dual storage controller clustered configuration Benefits: Provides IP attachment to FC SAN attached storage subsystems Cost efficient way to connect small inexpensive servers (Windows, UNIX & Linux) to expensive FC SAN without paying for expensive HBA’s and FC Switch Ports. Extends N series Snap solution benefits to existing storage arrays Warranty = 3 Years Hardware & Software Data ONTAP® Supported storage subsystems: Inside IBM DS4700, DS4800, IBM DS8000, IBM SVC, Hitachi, HP, others to follow * Clustered filer model 18 © 2007 IBM Corporation N series Gateway – Supported Topology Options SAN Enterprise NAS Departmental Enterprise Departmental iSCSI (Block) Dedicated Ethernet Fibre Channel Target Side Host Side Target Side Corporate LAN NAS (File) SAN (Block) IBM N series Gateway Target Side 19 © 2007 IBM Corporation Differences between Appliance & Gateway Models Servers _______________Clients & Servers____________________ Unix Windows Servers Linux FC FC IP N series Gateway Model Equal Appliance (A10 & A20) Storage Controller Storage Controllers are the same between the Appliances & Gateways Storage Filer ships with attached storage Storage is provided by external RAID subsystem Operating System Data ONTAP Data ONTAP slightly modified to remove RAID. RAID is dependent on attached storage subsystem Software 40+ features and functions Performance Dependent on storage subsystem & filer head N series Appliance 20 Gateway (G10 & G20) FC Other vendor storage subsystems Equal to Appliance models with exception of: Disk Sanitization, SnapLock, Compliance, LockVault Compliance, Nearline Feature, RAID-DP, RAID4 © 2007 IBM Corporation Typical Enterprise SAN scenario Clients & Servers Clients & Servers FC SAN Hitachi 21 Clients & Servers Fragmented SAN Silos Generally underutilized No data sharing Multiple replication technologies Costly FC attachment fees for each server or client FC SAN HP IBM © 2007 IBM Corporation Why Gateway vs. General Purpose Filer Server A single Gateway supports Unix, Linux and Windows file protocols Potentially reducing the number of servers required for accessing SAN storage in mixed protocol environments Clients & Servers Unix Windows Connecting small inexpensive servers to premium priced SAN storage is very costly. Linux IP FC HBAs, FC switch ports… costs could exceed the actual cost of server . N series Gateway A single Gateway extends the reach of SAN storage to many servers attached to an IP network FC Potentially reducing overall connection costs Allowing access to SAN storage at extended distances A Gateway provides functionality of N series technology to other vendor storage subsystems A Gateway provides increased protection investment in SAN storage by increasing SAN utilization & accessibility 22 HDS HP IBM Storage Subsystems Link to Interoperability Matrix on Web Site: © 2007 IBM Corporation Differentiating between N Series Systems The major differences between the N series systems Price Performance Scalability All systems have same features: Warranty – 3 years hardware & software Operating system: Data ONTAP High availability features RAID levels Advanced software features and functions* System management tools Storage management tools Copy services Virtualization WORM data protection Ease-of-use 26 * SATA drives not available on N3700 Base © 2007 IBM Corporation Data ONTAP™ Features and Benefits Operating System highly optimized and finely tuned for a single purpose – Serving Storage Multi-protocol system designed to provide the maximum in investment protection and risk reduction Usability aids and appliance like features could possible be an IT manager’s dream Easy to install & quick deployment accelerates time to market Reduced cost, advanced protection without performance compromises → business continuance Allows consolidation of storage and servers providing maximum ROI and reduced TCO Helps improve end-user productivity through increased file sharing solutions Designed to greatly improved asset utilization with dynamic thin provision Quick & easy data recovery with proven foundation using technologies. 27 © 2007 IBM Corporation Multiprotocol: Native Mode access to common files: Windows, Unix and Linux Windows user views files over Common Internet File System (CIFS) Unix user views files over Network File System (NFS) 28 © 2007 IBM Corporation Patented Double Parity RAID: RAID-DP™ Designed especially for SATA drive technology Designed to survive any 2-disk-failure scenario Breakthrough innovation: USENIX Best Paper in 2004 Compared to single-parity RAID, RAIDDP has: Single-parity RAID Protects against any single disk failure P RAID-DP Protects against any two-disk failure P DP Better protection (>4,000 MTTDL) High performance Same capacity overhead (typically 1 parity per 6 data drives Designed to outperform other doubleparity” offerings Routinely on during benchmarks Combined with SyncMirror (RAID1), the N series products are designed to survive failure of any five disks in one disk protection group 32 © 2007 IBM Corporation N series Software Options 41 Advanced Software Features 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Data ONTAP iSCSI iSCSI Host Attach Kit for AIX, Windows & Linux FTP Snapshot SnapMover SyncMirror FilerView FlexVol FlexShare SecureAdmin AutoSupport Disk Sanitization RAID-DP* RAID-4* 34 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. Features: Included with base system Optional feature * not available with gateways CIFS Protocol 35. SnapManager for SQL NFS Protocol 36. SnapManager for Exchange HTTP Protocol 37. SnapManager for Oracle FCP Protocol 38. SnapValidator Cluster Failover 39. Operations Manager Core FlexClone 40. Operations Manager SRM MultiStore 41. Operations Manager BC SnapMirror SnapRestore SnapVault Open Systems SnapVault SnapLock Enterprise LockVault Enterprise SnapLock Compliance* LockVault Compliance* SnapDrive for Windows, Unix & Linux NearStore feature MetroCluster* Single Mailbox Recovery for Exchange © 2007 IBM Corporation Advanced Features Provide Total TCO Protection Network Access Protocols CIFS – Windows client & server attached to storage via IP network utilizing file system protocols NFS – UNIX/Linux client & server attached to storage via IP network utilizing file system protocols iSCSI – Windows/UNIX/Linux server attached to storage via IP network utilizing block I/O protocols FCP – Windows/UNIX/Linux server attached to storage via fiber channel network utilizing block protocols 35 Data protection & Business Continuity On board copy services via Snapshot & SnapRestore – virtual file & volume copy Outboard copy services via SnapVault, SnapMirror, SyncMirror Double parity RAID provides enhanced data protection for SATA drives Cluster Failover – between redundant nodes SnapLock & LockVault– nonerasable non-rewritable data protection System tools, Usability Aids, Provisioning FilerView – overall system monitoring and management SnapManager – Exchange & SQL environments SnapDrive – usability for block I/O environments FlexClone – database cloning FlexVol – Thin Provisioning MultiStore – Partitioning Solutions E-mail archive Microsoft Exchange, SQL & Oracle consolidations Storage consolidation Server consolidation Catia migrations Unified storage Corporate Compliancy Information Lifecycle Management Infrastructure Simplification © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM System Storage™ N series Quick Reference Guide CIFS feature Windows servers Files IP Windows clients NFS feature Unix & Linux servers Files IP Designed to allow Microsoft Windows servers & clients access over the IP network using CIFS file system protocols. Microsoft Windows client access licenses (CAL) are not required. Supports an active directory environment Designed to allow UNIX and Linux servers and clients access over an IP network using NFS file system protocols. V2, V3, V4 supported Unix & Linux clients Unix & Linux & Windows servers iSCSI feature (Included) Blocks IP Enables the creation of IP SAN’s for optimizing the transfer of database traffic in IP environments. FCP feature . Blocks FC SAN Designed to allow transfer of data between storage and servers in block I/O formats (iSCSI protocol). Unix & Linux & Windows servers Designed to allow transfer of data between storage and servers in block I/O formats utilizing FCP protocols Enables participation of an N series storage solution within Fibre Channel SAN environments N series 37 © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM System Storage™ N series Quick Reference Guide FlexVol™ (Included) Without FlexVol, application is limited to preassigned space Application is free to grab more space if needed Designed to allow administrators to create multiple flexible volumes across a large pool of disks. Dynamic, nondisruptive storage (thin) provisioning; space- and time-efficiency. Allows users to get more space dynamically and non-disruptively. Can enable more productive use of available storage and helps improve performance. FlexClone™ Designed to provide instant replication of data volumes/sets without requiring additional storage space at the time of creation. Designed to allow the IT administrator to make a backup copy of a database and then modify and run testing against test (backup) database without affecting or taking the on-line database off-line. 38 User reads unchanged Snapshot database User writes new data to clone copy FlexClone Snapshot New production writes Flexible Volume base production data) © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM System Storage™ N series Quick Reference Guide Instant self-service file backup & recovery for end users. Only block level changes are stored thus requiring a minimal amount of space for each subsequent snapshot SnapShot™ (Included) Instant self-service volume recovery for large individual files. Allows volumes to be restored with a single command vs. the file level restores that SnapShot offers SnapRestore® SnapMirror® Source Target IP Async, sync and semi-sync remote replication over inexpensive Internet protocols. Full backup is followed by incremental block updates. SyncMirror® (free of charge) FC Plex0 Plex1 RAID Groups RAID Groups Disk Sanitization (Included) Disk with Data 1234 5678 9 39 FC Disk sanitized Synchronous local mirroring from one volume to another volume attached to the same filer. Includes volume mirroring between two clustered nodes. Disk sanitization is the process of physically obliterating data by overwriting disks with specified byte patterns or random data in a manner that helps prevents recovery of current data by any known recovery methods. This feature is designed to enable you to carry out disk sanitization by using three successive byte overwrite patterns per cycle and a default six cycles per operation © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM System Storage™ N series Quick Reference Guide SnapVault® SnapVault™ Designed to provide Heterogeneous super-efficient hourly disk-based online backup and restore by periodically backing up a snapshot copy to another system . N series primary storage N series Nearline storage SnapLock™ SEC-compliant disk-based WORM technology. Provides non-erasable and non-rewritable data protection that helps enable compliance with government and industry records retention regulations. The entire box or a portion of the box can be partitioned to store WORM protected data. LockVault™ Disk Space Used: . . Design to enable IT administrators to “lock” a Snapshot copy in a non-erasable and non-rewriteable format for compliant retention Nightly Snapshot backups save only changed blocks; full backup image preserved ComplianceJournal™ logs changes between Snapshot copies Nearline Secondary Storage 40 Nearline DR Target © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM System Storage™ N series Quick Reference Guide MultiStore® Logical partitioning Windows clients UNIX clients Linux clients MultiStore is designed to let you quickly and easily create separate, private logical partitions in filer network and storage resources. Each virtual storage partition is designed to maintain separation from every other storage partition to prevent different enterprise departments that share the same storage resources from accessing or finding other partitions. MultiStore helps prevent information on any virtual partition from being viewed, used or downloaded by an unauthorized users. Similar to LUN masking on a Block Storage System N series Clustered N series Clustered SnapMover® Local data migration solution for optimizing workloads across N series sharing a common disk array. A A B Designed to allow you to migrate ownership of a volume from one filer to another filer with a single command. Designed to allow better resource utilization and performance amongst multiple N series devices B 1 3 1 3 2 4 2 4 MultiStore and Clustering are prerequisites SnapMover Ownership Migration Filer B takes ownership of Volume # 2 FilerView™ (Included) IT Administrator IP N series 41 A web-based administration tool that allows IT administrators to fully manage N series systems from remote locations. Simple and intuitive web-based single-appliance administration © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM System Storage™ N series Quick Reference Guide SnapDrive™ SnapDrive is designed to allow administrators to easily create virtual disks from pools of storage that an be distributed among several storage appliances. Designed to allow optimized usage in database environments ® Virtualized “local” disk to Windows servers (FCP or iSCSI). Storage managed by SnapDrive logically appears to come from a locally attached storage subsystem. Designed to enable you to schedule and automate Exchange database backups, use policy-based backup retention management, and simplify the migration of existing databases to IBM N series systems. SnapManager® Host software for managing Exchange and SQL Server backup and restore. SnapManager software simplifies Exchange data protection by automating processes to provide hands-off, worry-free data management. SnapValidator™ SnapValidator detects and prevents potential corruptions of Oracle data before they happen. Oracle system assigns a unique value to each write request based on the sum of the data and sends the data set down the I/O path to the N series system. Upon receipt, SnapValidator calculates the sum of the data and compares it to the Oracle value. 42 With SnapDrive you add, delete, map, unmap, and mirror virtual disks online. You can expand capacity on-the-fly with no impact to application or system performance. SnapManager also delivers built-in high availability, with features that allow you to expand Exchange databases online. It also offers tight integration with Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS) and Multi Path I/O (MPIO) and with the N series Clustered Failover option and SnapMirror for simplified disaster recovery implementation. SnapValidator meets Oracle HARD initiative and provides the highest possible level of protection for Oracle data. If the identifiers do not match, the system prevents the data corruption and produces an alert. Oracle® Database Server Oracle validates blocks and adds protection information IP Fibre Channel or IP (iSCSI, NFS) SnapValidator validates the data against the protection information © 2007 IBM Corporation Single Mailbox Recovery for Exchange (SMBR) N series Enables the recovery of a single mailbox from a Microsoft Exchange Information Store. Unlike Lotus Domino where every mailbox is stored as a separate database (and therefore is implicitly recoverable as a unit by itself), Exchange clumps several mailboxes together into .edb files and .stm files. . Exchange Server SMBR Software This makes recovery of a single user’s mailbox extremely cumbersome and in most cases impossible unless there is some brick-level backup software in place. With SMBR, no brick-level (transaction level) backup is required. SMBR can extract a single mailbox or email directly and rapidly from an Exchange Information Store. © 2007 IBM Corporation It’s a Snap! SnapManager For Exchange Solution Bundle Buy a copy of SnapManager for Exchange with your N Series and… Get for free: • SnapRestore • SnapDrive for Windows • Single Mailbox Recovery (100 pack) And benefit from an estimate savings around 25%! Address to your N Series certified Business Partner for all details © 2007 IBM Corporation New N series Software Capabilities FlexShare (no charge – included in Data ONTAP) FlexShare is designed to give administrators the control to prioritize applications based on how critical they are to the business and provides a priority mechanism to give preferential treatment to higher priority tasks. Allows administrators to increase processing utilization without sacrificing the performance of critical business needs. Gives priority service to important workloads by assigning each volume a 1 to 5 priority levels Benefits include: More effective storage consolidation Windows Servers 1 Critical workloads get fastest response when controller is fully loaded Storage administrator can make on-the-fly adjustments Standard feature in Data ONTAP 7.2 N7000 models only 48 2 UNIX / Linux Servers 1 I P 2 Priority mechanism to give preferential treatment to a higher priority tasks © 2007 IBM Corporation New N series Software Capabilities MetroCluster Extend cluster failover capabilities from primary to remote site Model MetroCluster Feature N5200 2864-A20 7273 N5500 2865-A20 7473 N7600 2866-A20 7673 N7800 2867-A20 7873 Replicates data from the primary site for the remote site to ensure that data is completely up-to-date and available If site A goes down, MetroCluster allows you to rapidly resume operations at the remote site minutes after a disaster occurs Stretch MetroCluster provides a disaster recovery option at distances up to 500 m between each N series system Available on N5000 & N7000 Fabric MetroCluster provides a disaster recovery option at distances up to 100 km using a fiber channel switched network Available on N5000 only Requirements: 2-port MetroCluster Adapter (#1018) on each storage controller Models A20 only MetroCluster works between two similar systems, ie: N5200<->N5200 or N7600 <-> N7600…. 49 Site A Site B Fibre X Vol-X Ym Mirrored Vol-Y Xm Mirrored Vol-X Y Vol-Y © 2007 IBM Corporation Disaster Recovery: SnapMirror Primary Data Center Value Proposition Simple and flexible replication solution addresses a broad range of DR needs LAN Benefits . . N series High availability, reliability of data N series DR Site –RPO of one minute or less –Dual path option –Tunable performance vs. recovery point (sync, async, semi-sync options) Cost-effective solution with enterprise features . SnapMirror Nearline Storage 55 –Supported on all N series systems –Bandwidth management –Compression –Can operate within existing IP network –Multi-hop, cascading –Re-startable transfers © 2007 IBM Corporation SnapMirror Replication – Sync, SemiSync, Async & Bi-directional Value Proposition Simple and flexible replication solution addresses a broad range of DR needs Benefits High availability, reliability of data –RPO of one minute or less –Dual path option –Tunable performance vs. recovery point (sync, async, semi-sync options) Cost-effective solution with enterprise features . . SnapMirror N5500 56 N5500 Bandwidth management –Compression –Can operate within existing FC or IP network –Multi-hop, cascading –Re-startable transfers © 2007 IBM Corporation Disaster Recovery- Multiple Sites Challenges Remote Offices Tokyo London China Ensure data availability Speed time to recovery Reduce administrative costs WAN . Solution Mirror sites for rapid disaster recovery Automatic failover to mirrored site Single solution for sync, async, semisync mirroring Solution Benefits Cost effective Disaster Recovery Maintains user productivity Ensures regulatory compliance US Headquarters 6 57 © 2007 IBM Corporation SnapLock™ Protects Archived Emails from Tampering or Erasure, Aids Compliance SnapLock is non-erasable, non-rewritable magnetic disk storage (WORM) Using SnapLock aids compliance archiving Supports separate retention dates for each archived message SnapLock is an add-on software license Leverages existing IBM hardware Leverages Data ONTAP and WAFL High Performance email archival & retrieval Supports mirroring and/or tape backup Supports RAID-DP for extra data protection Open, standard data access protocols Two Versions—SnapLock Compliance & SnapLock enterprise 59 © 2007 IBM Corporation WORM Data Protection with SnapLockTM and SnapMirrorTM Exchange Storage Archival App. Access data and move to WORM Storage WORM Volumes iSCSI & CIFS Protocol Archive files to SnapLock volume via CIFS th Set each file’s expiration date Dec 12 2007 Mark files “read only” No alterations, overwrites or deletions possible until file expiration (tamper proof ComplianceClockTM) Copy WORM protected archive to second site Retention protection on the archive storage, original date stays with file . . SnapMirror 62 Create SnapLock Volume Dec 12th 2007 © 2007 IBM Corporation IBM N series Value Proposition IBM Brand Equity, reputation Warranty – 3 year for hardware and software IBM Global Financing Worldwide Service, Distribution, Support IBM Total Solution Ability to combine Server, Storage (DAS, SAN, NAS, Tape) Storage Management Software, Virtualization, and Services Greater pricing flexibility for total solution vs. stand-alone bid Single Vendor proposition Experience at integrating multiple technology Great ability to explore concept solutions based on customer needs One neck to embrace Software code is identical to Netapp‘s code! 75 © 2007 IBM Corporation Summary N series products will allow IBM to fill critical gaps in our current portfolio. Six Appliance Models Four Gateway Models Concurrently supports NAS, IP SAN, and FC SAN environments IBM completes N series software portfolio Over 40 software features Portfolio serves three highly desired environments from single platform High-Performance, mission-critical data environments Archive and data retention environments Most important, disaster recovery site missions IBM and NetApp are working together and future technologies that best meet our customers needs. 76 © 2007 IBM Corporation