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Roman Comedy Plautus (254-184 BC) 52 plays written, 20 survive First complete work in Latin wrote in style of New Comedy Style notes by quick action, crude humor, stock characters Terence (195-159) Freed slave from North Africa Style more refined than Plautus, with sophisticated plot and character development Not as popular during his life in comparison to Plautus, but later became more influential 6 plays survive Historical Context period of Roman expansion after Punic Wars Preoccupation with Greece and Hellenistic culture Surge of wealth among Roman citizens Political figures: Scipio Africanus, Cato the Elder Increase in foreign businessmen, diplomats, and educated slaves in Rome Ancient Comedy Comedy emerges from religious festivals New Comedy focuses on everyday situations, love and marriage, and father-son relationships 241 BC – Ludi Romani Comedy and tragedy staged at Rome publicly for the first time The Stage Set up on temple grounds or a temporary stage for an annual drama festival 55 BC- Pompey the Great build first permanent theatre set: city street with 3 houses with doors Stage right exits to forum, stage left to the port or country Stock costumes Spoken prologue Fabulae Palliatae Fabulae: written plot Palliatae: in Greek dress (palla) Feature stock new to Roman society Political and literary references Include laws and customs of Rome Emphasis on entertainment value, use of music Rhythm and Meter Comedy was sung, or a combination of speaking and song Dialouge: iambs ---Recitative: trochaics ---- Song: irregular and complex meters Song accompanied by wind instruments Language Older spellings U instead of I in superlatives (paucissuma) -os nominative singlar and –om acc singl (servos/servom instead of servus/servum) -ce of –c to demonstratives (illic) Quoi = cui Quom = cum