Download Rome intro

Do Now
Describe the
geographic
features
surrounding
Rome? How did
the geographic
features influence
the development of
the Roman
Empire?
2
Golden Age of Rome
3
Rome’s Mythical Origins: Romulus and Remus
Rome’s Historical Origins: The Etruscans
 Dominated Italy ~800BCE500BCE
Step 1: The Roman Kingdom
~ 700BCE  500BCE (200 years!)
Step 2: The Roman Republic
~500 BCE  1st C. BCE (500 years!)
What’s a “republic”? Similar to a representative democracy…
Republican
constitution
organizes the
government:
2 consuls (why
2?)
Senate
(patrician
dominated)
Step 2: The Roman Republic
BUT WHO’S LEFT
OUT OF THIS
GOVERNMENT?
Tribunes
(represent the
plebeians)
Comparative Timelines
ROME
Roman Republic!
(500–0CE)
Etruscans!
(800-500 BCE)
800
BCE
600
Roman Kingdom!
(700-500 BCE)
Pompeii!
(79CE)
400
200
0
CE
200
Roman Empire!
(0-500 CE)
400
CE
Rome Expands
Step 3. From Republic  Empire
~ 1st C. BCE  500 CE (another ~500 years!)
Expansion into the Mediterranean…
leads to trouble for the
Republic…
Conquering new lands
Leads to  Latifundia
Leads to  Class tensions and calls
for land reform Gracchi Brothers
Leads to  Civil war and descent
into chaos (and the end of the
Republic)
Do Now: Latifundia
How did latifundia lead to the
downfall of the Roman
Republic…and the establishment
of the Roman Empire? How was
the Roman empire able to use
roads to establish their empire?
Rome’s Early Road System
Roman Roads:
The Appian Way
Roman Aqueducts
Imperial Roman Road System
Civil War & Dictators
Julius Caesar
Pompey
Beware the Ides of March!
44 BCE
Octavian Augustus:
Rome’s First Emperor
The First Roman Dynasty
Pax Romana: 27 BCE – 180 CE
Step 3. From Republic  Empire (WHAT?!)
Wait, wait, wait: What is one of the main themes
about POWER in modern world history?
Absolute
power
Monarchy
Limited
power
Democracy
MAJOR THEME: the transition from
ABSOLUTE power to LIMITED power
 But Rome does the opposite…
Do Now: Why did Rome transition from a
republic to an empire controlled by a
Monarch? How does this go against the
trend in World History?
Consider…
What are the definitions of “republic” and “empire”?
Who has the power in each of these types of government?
In your response be sure to incorporate at least two
specific details or quotes from the reading
• What is the comparison that
Ferguson is making between Rome
and the United States? Do you
think this is a valid comparison?
24
Roman Slavery
Who were slaves?
Vast majority taken as prisoners of
war
Hereditary condition
No ethnic, racial, or country of origin
preferences for BECOMING a slave…
 but ethnicity often played a role in
deciding a slave’s job
For example: Greeks prized for
education
Part I. “Categories” of slaves…
Read Part I of the reading.
 Answer the focus question in your notes.
Part II. Slave Rights and Treatment
Slave rights…
Slave
treatment…depended
largely on the type of work
done AND individual
owners.
Read Part II of the reading.
 Answer the focus
questions in your notes.
Part III. Slave revolts…
Spartacus! Revolt in the
70s BCE…
Read Part III of the
reading.
 Answer the focus
questions in your notes.
The end of slavery in Rome
No Civil War or Emancipation Proclamation for Roman slaves…
 Late Roman Empire: poor economy meant slaves too
expensive
 Slaves gradually replaced by free wage laborers and serfs
What’s the benefit of wage laborers and serfs
over slaves?
Freewrite: Compare and contrast Roman
slavery with slavery in the United States.
Consider…
Who were the slaves? What characteristics
How were slaves treated?
What kind of work did slaves do?
Who did slaves work for?
How did slaves resist their circumstances?
How did slavery end?