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Today’s To-Do 課本使用方式 For the book: • Preface & TOC (Table of Contents) • Index or Glossary For the chapter • • • • Focus Questions or Lesson Objectives Table, figures, colored box (F.Y.I. / Sharpen your skill) Titles Key terms 上課: Chapter 1: The Field of Communication 投影片採課本英文原文 大約依課本的標題順序 The Filed of Communication 1 Lesson Objectives (Focus Questions) Why study communication? How long has the field existed? How the field evolved over time? How research conducted? How to define? What process and skills? What are “two levels” of meaning? What careers? The Filed of Communication 2 What Mike Does in a Day… E-Mail vs. Communication in Person Individual vs. Team After spending 30 minutes making notes on the draft agenda…(p. 15) Creating “Climate” Planning Interviews Date (Relationship) Speech to a Group The Filed of Communication 3 Importance of Communication We talk, listen, think, ask, answer, share ideas… So much communication in a day. Personal Life Building Personal Identity Promoting Health (studies: pp. 17-18) Personal Relationships Marriage Family, Parent-child, Friends,… The Filed of Communication 4 Importance of Communication (2) Professional Life Critical for Career Success (Talk & Listen) • Express Ideas, Giving & Gaining Support, Gaining Cooperation (studies: p. 20) Civic Life For the the Health of Society Required for Democracy • Expressing Ideas, Claiming, Presenting & Listen to Arguments The Filed of Communication 5 History of the Field Began more than 2500 yrs ago Rhetoric and Democratic Life Rhetoric born mid-400s B.C. on Isle of Syracuse Ancient Philosophers-Plato, Aristotle & Isocrates: • Rhetoric as Central to Civic Life • Teaching Citizens: Analyze Listeners, Discover Ideas, Organize Messages, Develop Proof, and Deliver Speeches • Aristotle’s 3 Cornerstones of Persuasion: Ethos, Pathos, Logos (see p. 22-23) Ethos: speaker’s credibility Pathos: listener’s emotion Logos: proofs and reasoning The Filed of Communication 6 History of the Field (2) Liberal Public speaking taught in colleges (Europe & U.S) Dewey: Progressive thinking (critical thinking) and citizen participation After Education (see next slide) WW I & II Social Issues: Prejudice, Propaganda, Attitude & Belief Changes The Filed of Communication 7 Liberal Education "The aim of liberal education is to create persons who have the ability and the disposition to try to reach agreements on matters of fact, theory, and actions through rational discussions.“ "The Aim of Liberal Education," "Welcome to the University of Chicago." Addressed by Andrew Abbott The Filed of Communication 8 History of the Field (3) Mid 20th Century Scientific, empirical research gaining prominence Research & Professional Groups 1960-70 Civil Rights, Women’s Movement, Interpersonal Communication Michel Foucault (French) Ideas about “Power” (who gets to speak…) The Filed of Communication 9 Research in Communication Quantitative Research Qualitative Research Descriptive Statistics, Survey, Experiment Looking into meaning, function… Textual Analysis, Ethnography, Historical Study Critical Research Identify & Challenge Communication Practices To Advance Social Awareness The Filed of Communication 10 Defining Communication Communication as “a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings” Features Process: dynamic and ever-changing Systemic: interrelated parts, context, surroundings Symbolic: abstract, arbitrary, ambiguous representations Meanings: created by symbols through interactions • Content level of meaning • Relationship level of meaning The Filed of Communication 11 Models of Communication Linear Models (p. 30) Interactive Models Laswell (1948): Who Says What in What Channel to Whom with What Effect? Shannon & Weaver (1949): “Noise” introduced Schramm (1955): “Feedback” added Transactional Models (p. 32) Wood (1997): Non-sequential, simultaneous, changing over time The Filed of Communication 12 Breadth of the Field Intrapersonal Communication: Interpersonal Communication: between people Performance Studies self-talk, “thinking” performing personal, professional, social identities Group & Team Communication: leadership, roles, group goals, cohesion (fantasy themes) The Filed of Communication 13 Breadth of the Field (2) Public Communication: speak to others, credibility, persuasion Organizational leadership, commitment, decision making, organizational culture Mass Communication: Communication media, stereotypes The Filed of Communication 14 Breadth of the Field (3) Technologies human community, information & knowledge Intercultural Communication meanings & cultures Ethics of Communication and Communication relationships, rights, moral principles The Filed of Communication 15 Unifying Themes and Processes in the Field Unifying Themes Symbolic activities Meaning Ethics Basic Processes (6 processes) Perceiving & Understanding Creating Interaction Climates Engaging in Verbal Communication Engaging in Non-verbal Communication Listening & Responding Adapting to Contexts The Filed of Communication 16 Careers in Communication Research Education Mass Communication Training & Consulting Human Relations, Human Development & Management The Filed of Communication 17