Download Intercultural Communication In the Global World

Canada, Germany, Brazil, and Japan
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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 Introduction
 Power Distribution
 Social Framework
 Non-verbal Communication
 Time: Linear, Flexible, or Cyclical
 Electronic Communication
 Conclusion
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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 Why Intercultural Communication?
- Workplace to classroom different
communication styles are here to stay
- To communicate effectively we have
to learn how different cultures
communicate
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Communication is the process of creating
and sharing information with one another
In order to achieve effective intercultural
communication we have to understand
how different cultures communicate
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Communication styles differ by how power
is distributed within an organization
There are essentially two types:
hierarchical, and democratic
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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In a hierarchical structure the most power
is held by the highest ranking individual
Problem: concealment and
misinterpretation of information
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Where as in a democratic structure, power
distribution is uniformed among
the individuals
Problem: confusion in the organization
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Social Framework is based on the amount
of information that is implied versus stated
directly in a communication message
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Understanding the differences between a
high-context culture and a low-context
culture is essential to accurately decoding
the message
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Mrs. Yamada & Miss Smith
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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In high-context cultures,
the meanings of the messages are found
in the situation and in the relationships of
the communicators or are internalized in
the communicator’s beliefs, values, and
norms
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Brazil:
- Focuses on personal relationship
- “Maybe” or “I’ll try” = “No”
- Land of paradox
Japan:
- Polite
- Indirect, subtle nature of
interpersonal communication
- What is not said > what is said
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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In low-context cultures,
less emphasis is placed on the context.
Instead they rely on explicit verbal messages.
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Canada:
- rely on: memoranda
announcements
position papers
Germany:
- focus on personal achievement
- truth & directness are important
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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High-Context Culture
5/24/2017
Low-Context Culture

Implicit communication


Emphasizes non-verbal communication 
Emphasize verbal communication

Subordinates tasks to relationships

Separates tasks from relationships

Collective decision-making

Individual decision-making

Relies on intuition or trust

Relies on facts and statistics

Prefer circular reasoning

Prefer linear reasoning

Value the spirit of the law

Value the letter of the law
Explicit communication
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Communication specialists estimate that
most of our communication is nonverbal
and takes place through our behavior.
Nonverbal cues serve as the
markers of
ones’ identities.
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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European and Americans have different
interpretation of silence.
The way people dress, the accent pattern,
and the nonverbal way of gesturing, all
deliver messages to others
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
19
Cultures perception of time can alter
th
e message being communicated
There are three categories of time:
Linear, Flexible, or Cyclical
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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In a culture that uses linear time, tasks are
sequential
View time as a precious commodity to be
used, not wasted
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Examples of flexible time cultures include
most West European , and
North American cultures
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Cultures that view time as flexible value
relationships over schedules
Time can be manipulated or stretched
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Examples of flexible time cultures include
most South American, South European,
and Middle Asian cultures
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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In cyclical time cultures, time manages life
and humans must adjust to time
People must live in harmony with nature
and subscribe to the cyclical patterns of life
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Examples of cyclical time cultures include
most Asian, African, and Native American
cultures
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Linear Time
Flexible Time
• Views time as an
• Views time as fluid • Views time as
entity to be saved
• Complete tasks
Sequentially
• Focuses on the
future
• Control time by
and flexible
Cyclical Time
circular and
• Works on multiple
repetitive
tasks
• Completes tasks
simultaneously
over a long period
• Reacts as the
• Believes that
day’s events evolve
life controls time
maintaining a
• Focuses on the
• Focuses on the
rigid appointment
present
past
schedule
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
27
The past decade has brought many advances in
technology. These advances are affecting the
way cultures communicate and do business
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Electronic communication is very
common in Japan
Germany also relies heavily on electronic
communication
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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However, Brazil is an oral culture
Face-to-face, oral communication is
preferred over electronic communication
in Brazil
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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Country
Relationship
Social
Framework
Time
Power
Brazil
Collectivistic
High Context
Flexible
Hierarchical
Japan
Collectivistic
High Context
Cyclical
Hierarchical
Germany
Individualistic
Low Context
Linear
Hierarchical
Canada
Individualistic
Low Context
Linear
Democratic
5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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5/24/2017
Presenting by Ryan Han, Gillian Epp, Sarah Lee, and Marsha Hasjim
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