Download Brent A. Chapter 21[1].

By: Brent A.
Who was Confucius?
The most famous philosopher in Chinese history. Late in life, he
said that he set his heart at the age of 15. He lived from 551 –
.
479 B.C.E
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What was China like during his life
 There was a time when China was being sliced into
feudal states by the warlord “princes” who raised
armies, waged battles, oppressed slave laborers, and
heavily taxed subjects.
 Ch’iu was a self-educated youth, raised by a poor
family in the state of Lu.
 In his teenage years, he had an administrative position
with the local noble, managing his agricultural
accounts. It was here that Ch’iu started developing a
passion for ethical philosophy.
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According to Confucius, what are
the five basic relationships?
•ruler and subject
• husband and wife
• father and son
• older sibling and younger sibling
•and friend and friend.
•"Google Images." Google. Web. 02 May 2011.
<http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.chinahighlights.com/image/chinamap/ancient/qin-dynasty-map1.gif>.
How should people act in those
basic relationships?
 Confucius hoped that if people knew what was
expected of them they would behave correctly.
 Therefore, he set up five principal relationships in
which most people are involved. These
relationships were (1) ruler and subject; (2) father
and son; (3) elder brother and younger brother;
(4) husband and wife; and (5) friend and friend.
All, except the last, involve the authority of one
person over another.
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What influence and Confucius
have on Chinese government?
 For 2,000 years Confucianism was the official
philosophy of China. The only way a person could
achieve an important position in the government or in
society was by having a good knowledge of
Confucianism. To become a government official it was
necessary to pass a difficult civil service examination
based on the ideas of Confucius.

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Who was Laozi (Lao-tsu)
 Laozi (Lao Tzu) is considered to be the author of the
Dao De Jing. He is also considered to be the father of
Daoism, since he was the first person to use the term
"Dao" as the basis of his philosophy. Sima Qian, the
Grand Historian (ca. 145-86 B.C.E.), was the first
person to write an account of Laozi's life, and there are
many theories surrounding the mystical personage of
Laozi, includung the idea that he was born as an old
man with a long white beard.

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According to Daoism, how should
people discover how to behave
 Daoists beleive that people should do all things
good and seek perfect knowledge of their
religion.
 When one achieves this, one breaks free from the
cycle of birth and death, to join the Immortals in
heaven.
What are yin and yan?
 Yin and Yang is perhaps the most known and
documented concept used within Taoism.
According to Daoists how
should rulers behave?
 Taoists didn't believe in rulers at all.
 They thought government was unnatural and
disrupted the balance of the yin yang.
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Who was Hanfeizi?
 Han Fei (c.280–233 BC) was a philosopher who, along
with Li Si, developed Xun Zi's philosophy into the
doctrine embodied by the School of Law or Legalism.
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According to Hanfeizi what was the only
way to create a strong society?
 To have law the main focus of the government not
education .
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.enlightened-spirituality.org/images/Taoism--yin_yang_blue_black1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.enlightenedspirituality.org/Taoism.html&usg=__EFGO1mEIZp0jrVEAEzJ01I412U=&h=574&w=686&sz=23&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=kTJ2O2Wn8uxxQM:&tbnh=132&tbnw=131&ei=5cOTdPeIMeztweO6ajXBQ&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dtaoism%2Bblue%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D982%26bih%3D582%26gbv%3D2%26tbm%3Disch&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=114&vpy=237&
dur=109&hovh=205&hovw=245&tx=143&ty=113&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0
How did Henfeizi believe a ruler
should govern?
 Han Feizi believe a ruler should govern with an iron
fist consolidating all its power into one's hand.
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.enlightened-spirituality.org/images/Taoism--yin_yang_blue_black1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.enlightenedspirituality.org/Taoism.html&usg=__EFGO1mEIZp0jrVEAEzJ0-1I412U=&h=574&w=686&sz=23&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=kTJ2O2Wn8uxxQM:&tbnh=132&tbnw=131&ei=5cOTdPeIMeztweO6ajXBQ&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dtaoism%2Bblue%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D982%26bih%3D582%26gbv%3D2%26tbm%3Disch&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=114&vpy=237&dur=10
9&hovh=205&hovw=245&tx=143&ty=113&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0
How did the Qin dynasty apply
the teachings of Hanfeizi?
 The Qin dynasty applied the teachings of Hanfeizi
very nice and gently.
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.enlightened-spirituality.org/images/Taoism--yin_yang_blue_black1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.enlightenedspirituality.org/Taoism.html&usg=__EFGO1mEIZp0jrVEAEzJ01I412U=&h=574&w=686&sz=23&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=kTJ2O2Wn8uxxQM:&tbnh=132&tbnw=131&ei=5cOTdPeIMeztweO6ajXBQ&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dtaoism%2Bblue%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D982%26bih%3D582%26gbv%3D2%26tbm%3Disch&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=114&vpy=237&
dur=109&hovh=205&hovw=245&tx=143&ty=113&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0
Sneak Peek Video on Daoism
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7LnhlVT6_9I
Citations
Three Chinese Philosophies." History Alive! the Ancient
World. Palo Alto, CA: Teachers' Curriculum Institute, 2004.
Print.
 History Alive! the Ancient World. Palo Alto, CA: Teachers'
Curriculum Institute, 2004. 205-07. Print.
 History Alive! the Ancient World. Palo Alto, CA: Teachers'
Curriculum Institute, 2004. 207-13. Print.
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