Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Chapter 3 World Roots of American Education Viewing recommendations for Windows: Use the Arial TrueType font and set your screen area to at least 800 by 600 pixels with Colors set to Hi Color (16 bit). Viewing recommendations for Macintosh: Use the Arial TrueType font and set your monitor resolution to at least 800 by 600 pixels with Color Depth set to thousands of colors Historical Views of the Educated Person (Part 1) • Ancient China: Intellectuals, ready to take part in government • Ancient India: People ready to perform the duties of their castes • Ancient Egypt: Priests, Scribes • Ancient Greece and Rome: Good citizens, able to contribute to government, or good soldiers • Ancient Arabic Nations: Islamic scholars Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company 3–2 Historical Views of the Educated Person (Part 2) • Medieval Europe: Religious scholars, or individuals prepared for their place in the social hierarchy • Renaissance Europe: Courtiers—literate, stylish classical humanists • Reformation Europe: Able to read key religious texts and ready for appropriate role in society • Enlightenment Europe and America: Trained in reason and ready to enact social reform Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company 3–3 World Roots of Today’s Instructional Methods (Part 1) • Apprenticeships, Informal Education: Preliterate Societies • Standardized Tests: Ancient China • Drill and Memorization: Ancient China, India, Egypt, Reformation Europe • Scaffolding: Ancient Greek Sophist Protagoras Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company 3–4 World Roots of Today’s Instructional Methods (Part 2) • Questioning: Socrates • Scientific Observations/Experiments: Aristotle, Enlightenment educators • Deductive Reasoning: Medieval Scholastic educators • Games and Activities: Renaissance Humanist Erasmus Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company 3–5