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Aim: to what extent does Confucianism attempt to bring order to society? Confucianism Where? Founder Was there a founder? • When? • Whom? • Confucius • (K’ung-fu-tzu) • (551-479 BCE) Confucianism • His teachings were later refined and spread by Mencius (Meng Tzu). Ironically Mencius is probably more responsible for the spread of Confucianism than… Confucius. Background to Confucianism • Dynastic warfare and division broke out in the Zhou Dynasty (+/1000 BCE – 256 BCE) starting in 771 BCE and lasting until 221 BCE. • China was ravaged by chaos and disorder during a time period known as the Warring States. • How could one establish order in society? • By utilizing a moral philosophy by which people could live their lives. • One that stressed order Five Relationships • Husband and wife • Parent and child (Filial Piety) • Elder and younger brother, or generally of elders and youngsters • Ruler and Minister or subject • Friend and friend. Taken from The Analects • How might the Five Relationships help establish order in society? Texts • The Analects (a total of twenty books): The thoughts and sayings of Confucius, including conversations between the master and his pupils. • The Five Classics (books) collected after Confucius’ death during the Zhou Dynasty and considered to be great examples of Confucian thinking. • Why would such a philosophy make sense during a time of political anarchy and why might political rulers (Emperors etc.) really like this philosophy? • The answer isn’t going to fly in from the right. Think! FIN