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CHAPTER 3
SECTION 4
EXPANDING THE
TERRITORY
 Slavery was increasingly becoming a
problem.
 Increased by Western expansion.
 Manifest Destiny-God given right to
expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
Fate to possess the entire continent.
TEXAS AND ANNEXATION
 Texas wanted to be annexed to the
United States.
 Add another slave state…denied.
 Would guarantee war with Mexico.
 Polk and congress approved annexation
in 1845, 28th state of the United States.
WAR WITH MEXICO
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1.
2.
3.
United States thought boundary Rio Grande.
Mexico thought Nueces River.
Polk offered to buy New Mexico and CA.
Mexican govn’t refused.
Polk sent in troops
1846-War with Mexico.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war.
Mexico gave up Texas
Border Rio Grande.
Gave up New Mexico and CA.
GOLD RUSH
 Gold discovered in 1848.
 CA population jumped from 14,000200,000.
 Mostly unmarried men and immigrants.
 Until the Mexican War, west of 95th
meridian was Indian Country, now
creation of reservations.
SLAVERY IN TERRITORIES
 Should slavery be allowed in new territories?
COMPROMISE OF 1850
1. CA free state
2. New Mexico and Utah decide themselves.
3. Abolish slave sales in D.C.
4. Remain legal in D.C.
5. Fugitive Slave Act…assists in return of
escaped slaves and no jury trial.
NORTH VS SOUTH
NORTH-believed slavery wasn’t Christian,
but didn’t believe African Americans were
equal and were prejudiced.
(SEE CHART PAGE 139)
KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT
1. Kansas and Nebraska would decide for
themselves.
2. Repealed Missouri Compromise (36 30)
Kansas had two different capitals, one for
slavery and one for non slavery. Led to
violent raids.
Named territory Bleeding Kansas.

DRED SCOTT DECISION
 Scott filed suit against owner saying they
once lived in a free state, should be free.
 Supreme Court said slaves were not
citizens and could not sue in court.
 Congress had no right to ban slavery
anywhere.
ELECTION OF 1860
 Abraham Lincoln elected.
 Moderate views on slavery, but against spreading
slavery.
 Won no electoral votes from South and only 39% of
popular vote.
 South was outraged over a President being elected
without southern electoral votes.
 Southern supporters of slavery chose to secede from
United States. If they choose to join, they could leave.
 Created Confederate States of America.
 Jefferson Davis president.
THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS
 The Union surrenders Ft. Sumter to
Confederates on April 14, 1861.
 By firing on federal property the
Confederate states committed an open
act of rebellion.
 Lincoln responded by getting volunteersConfederates saw it as an act of War.