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Macro Concepts
Change-a revolution in the way
something is done.
Power-The authority to control
citizens by using regulations
and laws.
Conflict-Problem or troubling
issue that can cause problems
without compromise.
Leadership-Setting a positive
example for others to follow.
Micro Concepts
Isolationism-the concept of a
nation staying away from
alliances and foreign relations.
Nationalism- an extreme and
sometimes dangerous devotion
to a nation/country.
Self-determination-the persistence
and commitment of a person or
nation to rule him/her/itself.
18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

The Temperance movement had a
profound effect on American culture.

After decades of pressure by Christian
socialists and Progressives the 18th
Amendment was passed to prohibit the
manufacture, possession, sale and
consumption of alcoholic beverages.

Passage of the Volstead Act made
enforcement of Prohibition more
powerful because the federal
government used the U.S. Treasury
Department to conduct raids on
speakeasies and bootlegging
factories.
19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
 On August 26, 1920 universal women’s suffrage was granted in the United
States.
 Because of de jure and de facto discrimination against women throughout U.S.
history many women had been unwilling to be active in fighting for civil rights.
 However, courageously active women such as Susan B. Anthony and
Elizabeth Cady Stanton protested and lobbied legislatures relentlessly and
were eventually able to secure voting rights for American women.
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In order to generate public
support for World War I President
Wilson created the C.P.I.
Committee on Public
Information.
An experienced news journalist
named George Creel was
assigned to lead the CPI in order
to sell the war to the American
people.
From 1917 forward propaganda
became a very powerful tool used
by the United States government
in order to influence popular
opinion.
Food Administration led by Herbert Hoover
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The federal government was also successfully
able to mobilize citizens by encouraging them
to ration food.
Citizens were encouraged by the U.S. Food
Administration to conserve food, avoid
waste and grow their own food when
possible.
Citizens grew victory gardens as a symbolic
way to support the war effort.
The goal of the U.S. Food Administration was
to increase food production while reducing
civilian consumption.
Future president Herbert Hoover was in
charge of the agency.
The W.I.B. War Industries Board led by Bernard Baruch

In order to coordinate all of the necessary
materials to create weapons and other
essential products President Wilson created
the W.I.B. War Industries Board.

Wealthy and powerful Wall Street banker
Bernard Baruch was assigned to run the
federal agency.

The agency had the power to allocate and
ration raw materials and force companies
whatever materials the U.S. needed to win
the war.

Some examples included car companies
making military vehicles and aviation
companies making fighter planes.
Espionage and Sedition Acts
 Two laws were passed by Congress to curtail [limit] the civil
liberties of U.S. citizens during the war.
 The Espionage Act imposed strict sanctions on anyone
opposing the war or spying and passing sensitive information
to foreign governments.
 The Sedition Act forbade U.S. citizens from speaking out
against the war in public.
Espionage and Sedition Acts

These laws were challenged in the U.S. Supreme Court.

Charles Schenck was arrested for mailing pamphlets to draftees telling
them to protest the war.

He was arrested and convicted for sedition. He appealed citing his 1st
Amendment Free Speech rights his case was known as Schenk vs.
United States.

The U.S. Supreme Court affirmed the convictions and the Sedition Act
citing national security interests during war time.
 Eugene V. Debs was also jailed on similar charges of protesting against
the U.S. government. Debs was the rowdy and vocal socialist labor
union leader and agitator.
I.W.W. Industrial Workers of the World

If you remember from previous lessons labor unions fought for the rights of
workers by organizing.

The federal government believed that radical union behavior during the was such
as strikes would harm the war effort.

The U.S. Department of Justice conducted raids on labor union buildings and during
meetings.

Through law enforcement and propaganda public opinion was turned against labor
unions during World War I. So much so that so labor leaders were lynched.
Power and Paranoia of the Federal Government
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After the Great War the United States had
increased powers based on the Espionage
and Sedition Acts.
To uncover threats against the United States
the U.S. Attorney General Mitchell Palmer
ordered raids on suspected communists and
anarchists.
The Palmer raids were conducted by federal
agents to uncover domestic threats to the U.S.
 This was the first major international meeting in the United States
about disarmament.
 The purpose of the meeting to avoid future military build ups
[especially naval] in foreign nations.
 The Empire of Japan managed to scheme a way to building a very
powerful navy heading into WWII.
John L. Lewis and the United Mine Workers
The Dawes Plan
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