Download Blood Ch. 7 The Functions of the Circulatory System

Blood Ch. 7
Oxygen
The Functions
of
the
Circulatory
System
intake
Food and
Elimination of
water intake
carbon dioxide
The Human Body
Respiratory
system
O2
CO2
Nutrients,
salt, water
Digestive
system
Water, salts,
metabolic waste
Circulatory
system
Urinary
system
Metabolic
waste
Transport
to and from
all cells
Elimination of
food residues,
metabolic wastes
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Elimination of
excess water, salts,
metabolic wastes
Figure 7.1
The Functions of Blood
 Transportation
 Nutrients, waste, hormones
 Regulation
 Temperature, water volume, pH
 Defense
 Against infections and bleeding
PLAY
Animation—Blood
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The Components of Blood
 Plasma (55%)






Water
Electrolytes
Proteins (albumins, globulins, clotting proteins)
Hormones
Gases
Nutrients and wastes
 Formed elements (45%)
 RBCs
 WBCs
 Platelets
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Red Blood Cells
 Functions: transport oxygen and carbon
dioxide
 Measurement: hematocrit, hemoglobin
 Origin: stem cells
 Life span: 120 days in humans
 Control of production: erythropoietin
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White Blood Cells
 Functions
 Protection from infection
 Regulation of the inflammatory reaction
 Two Types
 Granular: neutrophils, eosinophils, and
basophils
 Agranular: lymphocytes and monocytes
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Hemostasis
 Three Stages
 Vascular spasm: constriction of blood
vessels to reduce blood flow
 Platelet plug formation: sealing of the
ruptured blood vessel
 Coagulation: formation of a blood clot
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Blood Types Determine Blood Compatibility
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Figure 7.12
Blood Typing Concepts
 Antigen vs. antibody
 ABO system
 Rh system and Rh factor in pregnancy
PLAY
Animation—Blood Types
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Blood Disorders
 Anemia: reduction in oxygen-carrying
capacity
 Leukemia: a form of cancer
 Multiple myeloma: a form of cancer
 Mononucleosis: Epstein-Barr virus
infection
 Septicemia: “blood poisoning”
 Thrombocytopenia: reduction in platelet
number
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