Download The Skeletal System

The Skeletal System
The skeletal system is the
framework of your body and
has 5 major functions:
Functions of Skeletal System:
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The skeletal system gives shape
and support to your body.
Bones protect your internal
organs.
Major muscles are attached to
bone and help them move.
Blood cells are formed in the
center of many bones in the soft
tissue called marrow.
Calcium and phosphorous are
stored in the skeleton for later
use. Calcium and phosphorous
make bones hard.
Bone Structure
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Spongy bone
is located toward the ends of long
bones. It has many open spaces
that make the bones lightweight
and contain marrow.
Compact bone
gives bones its strength. Bone
cells and blood vessels are found
here.
Bone Marrow:
Red marrow produces blood
cells. Yellow marrow is
composed of fat cells.
How the skeletal system works
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Cartilage:
a smooth, slippery, thick layer of
tissue that covers the end of
bones. Cartilage acts as a shock
absorber and reduces friction
between the bones.
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Joints:
Anywhere two or more bones
come together. Can be movable
or immovable.
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Ligament:
tough band of tissue which holds
bones together.
Types of Joints
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Ball and Socket Joint
Found in your hips &
shoulders. This joint allows
for freedom of rotation as
well as back-and-forth
movement in all planes. It
allows for the most
freedom in movement of
any other joint.
Types of Joints
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Hinge
Found in the elbow and
knee. Hinge joints offer
ease in movement, but
only provide for
movement in one plane
(no twisting, no sliding
side-to-side). It allows
for extension and
retraction only.
Types of Joints
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Pivot
This joint is one where
one bone spins around on
another bone. This joint
is found in our neck and
forearms.
Types of Joints
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Gliding Joints:
Although these joints
appear to offer a lot of
flexibility in movement
direction, they do not offer
a great distance in
movement. But they can
move in many directions
and they can rotate. These
joints can be found in the
wrist and ankle.
Types of Joints
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Immovable Joints
Immovable joints allows
for little or no movement.
The joints of the bones in
your skull and pelvis are
examples of immovable
joints.
Connections to other systems
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The skeletal system works
with the muscular system to
allow movement in the body.
When the muscles contract
this causes the bones in the
skeletal system to move.
Red blood cells are made in
the bone marrow of the long
bones in the body. This is
how the skeletal system
works with the circulatory
system.
Diseases of the Skeletal System
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Arthritis
pain, stiffness and swelling of
the joints
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Osteoarthritis
When cartilage breaks down
from years of use
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
ongoing condition in which
the body’s immune system
tries to destroy its own tissues.