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WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATION
G/SPS/GEN/512
24 September 2004
(04-4031)
Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
Original: English
RELEVANT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
Submission from the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)
1.
The OIE produces four international standards:
-
Terrestrial Animal Health Code
-
Aquatic Animal Health Code
-
Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals
-
Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals
2.
The aim of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Animal Health Codes (contents attached) is to assure
the sanitary safety of international trade in live animals, their genetic material and animal products.
This is achieved through the detailing of health measures to be used by the veterinary (and other
competent) authorities of importing and exporting countries to avoid the transfer of agents pathogenic
for animals or humans, while avoiding unjustified sanitary barriers.
3.
The purpose of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Manuals is to contribute to the international
harmonization of methods for the diagnosis, surveillance and control of the diseases listed in the
Codes. Standards are described for laboratory diagnostic tests and the production and control of
biological products (principally vaccines) for veterinary use across the world.
4.
The health measures in the these standards have been formally adopted by the OIE
International Committee, the general assembly of all delegates of OIE Member Countries.
5.
The 13th edition of the Terrestrial Animal Health Code incorporates the modifications to the
Terrestrial Code agreed during the 72nd General Session in May 2004. These include revised chapters
and appendices on: general definitions, OIE listed diseases, notification and epidemiological
information, obligations and ethics in international trade, evaluation of Veterinary Services, zoning
and compartmentalization, guidelines for reaching a judgement of equivalence of sanitary measures,
foot and mouth disease, highly pathogenic avian influenza, rinderpest, contagious bovine
pleuropneumonia, rabies, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, equine influenza, acarapisosis of honey
bees, American foulbrood of honey bees, European foulbrood of honey bees, varroosis of honey bees
and guidelines for the establishment or the regaining of recognition for a foot and mouth disease free
country or zone. As well, a new chapter on 'Tropilaelaps infestation of honey bees' and new
appendices on "animal welfare", "risk analysis for antimicrobial resistance" and "factors to consider in
conducting the BSE risk assessment recommended in Chapter 2.3.13" have been added to this edition
of the Terrestrial Code.
6.
The 7th edition of the Aquatic Code incorporates the modifications to the Aquatic Code agreed
during the 72nd General Session. These include revised chapters on the following subjects: general
G/SPS/GEN/512
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definitions, disease listing and notification criteria, notification and epidemiological information,
obligations and ethics in international trade, aquatic animal health measures applicable before and at
departure, aquatic animal health measures applicable on arrival, general recommendations on
disinfection and the model international aquatic animal health certificates.
7.
The development of these Codes and Manuals is the result of the continuous work of the
OIE's Specialist Commissions, which draw upon the expertise of internationally renowned specialists
to prepare draft texts for new articles of these standards, or revise existing articles in the light of
advances in veterinary science. Prior to submitting these draft texts for adoption by the International
Committee they are circulated twice annually for comment from the delegates.
8.
Their value is twofold: that the measures published are the result of consensus among the
veterinary authorities of OIE Member Countries, and that they constitute a reference within the World
Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
(SPS Agreement) as an international standard for animal health and zoonoses.
9.
The Codes are published annually in paper form in the three official OIE languages (English,
French and Spanish), (and the Terrestrial Code also in Russian), and the contents of the latest
versions are available on the OIE website (www.oie.int, click on "health standards"). The Terrestrial
Manual is published in English and Spanish, and the Aquatic Manual in English only; these are also
available on the OIE website.
G/SPS/GEN/512
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Terrestrial Animal Health Code
Contents
PART 1.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 1.1. GENERAL DEFINITIONS AND NOTIFICATION OF ANIMAL DISEASES
CHAPTER 1.1.1.
CHAPTER 1.1.2.
General definitions
Notification and epidemiological information
SECTION 1.2. OBLIGATIONS AND ETHICS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE
CHAPTER 1.2.1.
CHAPTER 1.2.2.
General obligations
Certification procedures
SECTION 1.3. RISK ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 1.3.1.
CHAPTER 1.3.2.
CHAPTER 1.3.3.
CHAPTER 1.3.4.
CHAPTER 1.3.5.
CHAPTER 1.3.6.
CHAPTER 1.3.7.
General considerations
Guidelines for import risk analysis
Evaluation of Veterinary Services
Guidelines for the evaluation of Veterinary Services
Zoning, regionalisation and compartmentalization
Surveillance and monitoring of animal health
Guidelines for reaching a judgement of equivalence of sanitary
measures
SECTION 1.4. IMPORT/EXPORT PROCEDURES
CHAPTER 1.4.1.
CHAPTER 1.4.2.
CHAPTER 1.4.3.
CHAPTER 1.4.4.
CHAPTER 1.4.5.
CHAPTER 1.4.6.
Recommendations for transport
Animal health measures applicable before and at departure
Animal health measures applicable during transit from the place of
departure in the exporting country to the place of arrival in the
importing country
Border posts and quarantine stations in the importing country
Animal health measures applicable on arrival
International transfer and laboratory containment of animal
pathogens
SECTION 1.5. RISK ANALYSIS FOR BIOLOGICALS FOR VETERINARY USE
CHAPTER 1.5.1.
CHAPTER 1.5.2.
CHAPTER 1.5.3.
General considerations
Risk analysis for veterinary vaccines
Risk analysis for biologicals for veterinary use other than vaccines
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PART 2.
RECOMMENDATIONS APPLICABLE TO SPECIFIC DISEASES
SECTION 2.1. OIE LISTED DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.1.1.
Criteria for listing diseases
SECTION 2.2. MULTIPLE SPECIES DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.2.1.
CHAPTER 2.2.2.
CHAPTER 2.2.3.
CHAPTER 2.2.4.
CHAPTER 2.2.5.
CHAPTER 2.2.6.
CHAPTER 2.2.7.
CHAPTER 2.2.8.
CHAPTER 2.2.9.
CHAPTER 2.2.10.
CHAPTER 2.2.11.
CHAPTER 2.2.12.
CHAPTER 2.2.13.
CHAPTER 2.2.14.
Anthrax
Aujeszky's disease
Echinococcosis/hydatidosis
Leptospirosis
Rabies
Paratuberculosis
Heartwater
New world screwworm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) and old world
screwworm (Chrysomya bezziana)
Trichinellosis (Trichinella spiralis)
Foot and mouth disease
Vesicular stomatitis
Lumpy skin disease (caused by group III virus, type Neethling)
Bluetongue
Rift valley fever
SECTION 2.3. BOVINE DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.3.1.
Bovine brucellosis
CHAPTER 2.3.2.
Bovine genital campylobacteriosis
CHAPTER 2.3.3.
Bovine tuberculosis
CHAPTER 2.3.4.
Enzootic bovine leukosis
CHAPTER 2.3.5.
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/ infectious pustular vulvovaginitis
CHAPTER 2.3.6.
Trichomonosis
CHAPTER 2.3.7.
Bovine anaplasmosis
CHAPTER 2.3.8.
Bovine babesiosis
CHAPTER 2.3.9.
Bovine cysticercosis
CHAPTER 2.3.10.
Dermatophilosis
CHAPTER 2.3.11.
Theileriosis
CHAPTER 2.3.12.
Haemorrhagic septicaemia (Pasteurella multocida serotypes 6:b
and 6:e)
CHAPTER 2.3.13.
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
CHAPTER 2.3.14.
Rinderpest
CHAPTER 2.3.15.
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
SECTION 2.4. SHEEP AND GOAT DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.4.1.
CHAPTER 2.4.2.
CHAPTER 2.4.3.
CHAPTER 2.4.4.
CHAPTER 2.4.5.
CHAPTER 2.4.6.
CHAPTER 2.4.7.
CHAPTER 2.4.8.
Ovine epididymitis (Brucella ovis)
Caprine and ovine brucellosis (excluding Brucella ovis)
Contagious agalactia
Caprine arthritis/encephalitis
Maedi-visna
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia
Enzootic abortion of ewes (ovine chlamydiosis)
Scrapie
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CHAPTER 2.4.9.
CHAPTER 2.4.10.
Peste des petits ruminants
Sheep pox and goat pox
SECTION 2.5. EQUINE DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.5.1.
CHAPTER 2.5.2.
CHAPTER 2.5.3.
CHAPTER 2.5.4.
CHAPTER 2.5.5.
CHAPTER 2.5.6.
CHAPTER 2.5.7.
CHAPTER 2.5.9.
CHAPTER 2.5.10.
CHAPTER 2.5.11.
CHAPTER 2.5.12.
CHAPTER 2.5.13.
CHAPTER 2.5.14.
CHAPTER 2.5.15.
Contagious equine metritis
Dourine
Equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern and Western)
Equine infectious anaemia
Equine influenza
Equine piroplasmosis
Equine rhinopneumonitis
Horse pox
Equine viral arteritis
Horse mange
Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
Epizootic lymphangitis
Japanese encephalitis
African horse sickness
SECTION 2.6. SWINE DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.6.1.
CHAPTER 2.6.2.
CHAPTER 2.6.3.
CHAPTER 2.6.4.
CHAPTER 2.6.5.
CHAPTER 2.6.6.
CHAPTER 2.6.7.
Atrophic rhinitis of swine
Porcine brucellosis
Enterovirus encephalomyelitis (previously Teschen/Talfan disease)
Transmissible gastroenteritis
Swine vesicular disease
African swine fever
Classical swine fever
SECTION 2.7. AVIAN DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.7.1.
CHAPTER 2.7.2.
CHAPTER 2.7.3.
CHAPTER 2.7.4.
CHAPTER 2.7.5.
CHAPTER 2.7.6.
CHAPTER 2.7.7.
CHAPTER 2.7.8.
CHAPTER 2.7.9.
CHAPTER 2.7.10.
CHAPTER 2.7.11.
CHAPTER 2.7.12.
CHAPTER 2.7.13.
Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro disease)
Marek's disease
Avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum)
Avian chlamydiosis
Fowl typhoid and pullorum disease
Avian infectious bronchitis
Avian infectious laryngotracheitis
Avian tuberculosis
Duck virus hepatitis
Duck virus enteritis
Fowl cholera
Highly pathogenic avian influenza
Newcastle disease
SECTION 2.8. LAGOMORPH DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.8.1.
CHAPTER 2.8.2.
CHAPTER 2.8.3.
Myxomatosis
Tularemia
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease
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SECTION 2.9. BEE DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.9.1.
Acarapisosis of honey bees
CHAPTER 2.9.2.
American foulbrood of honey bees
CHAPTER 2.9.3.
European foulbrood of honey bees
CHAPTER 2.9.4.
Varroosis of honey bees
CHAPTER 2.9.5.
Tropilaelaps infestation of honey bees
SECTION 2.10. OTHER DISEASES
CHAPTER 2.10.1.
CHAPTER 2.10.2.
Zoonoses transmissible from non-human primates
Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium in poultry
PART 3.
APPENDICES
SECTION 3.1. DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE PURPOSES
Appendix 3.1.1.
Prescribed and alternative diagnostic tests for OIE listed diseases
SECTION 3.2. COLLECTION AND PROCESSING OF SEMEN
Appendix 3.2.1.
Appendix 3.2.2.
Appendix 3.2.3.
Bovine semen
Small ruminant semen
Porcine semen
SECTION 3.3. COLLECTION AND PROCESSING OF EMBRYOS/OVA
Appendix 3.3.1.
Appendix 3.3.2.
Appendix 3.3.3.
Appendix 3.3.4.
Appendix 3.3.5.
In vivo derived embryos
In vitro fertilised bovine embryos/ in vitro maturing oocytes
Micromanipulated bovine embryos
Laboratory rodent and rabbit embryos/ova
Categorisation of diseases and pathogenic agents by the International
Embryo Transfer Society
SECTION 3.4. HEALTH CONTROL AND HYGIENE IN ESTABLISHMENTS
Appendix 3.4.1.
Appendix 3.4.2.
Appendix 3.4.3.
Hygiene and disease security procedures in poultry breeding flocks
and hatcheries
Hygiene and disease security procedures in apiaries
Hygiene precautions, identification, blood sampling and vaccination
SECTION 3.5. QUARANTINE RECOMMENDATIONS
Appendix 3.5.1.
Quarantine measures applicable to non-human primates
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SECTION 3.6. INACTIVATION OF PATHOGENS AND VECTORS
Appendix 3.6.1.
Appendix 3.6.2.
Appendix 3.6.3.
Appendix 3.6.4.
General recommendations on disinfection and disinsectisation
Foot and mouth disease virus inactivation procedures
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agents inactivation
procedures
Classical swine fever virus inactivation procedures
SECTION 3.7. ANIMAL WELFARE
Appendix 3.7.1.
Appendix 3.7.2.
Appendix 3.7.3.
Appendix 3.7.4.
Introduction to the guidelines for animal welfare
Principles applicables to all forms of transport
Principles applicable to specific forms of transport
Guidelines for the welfare of animals during transport by air
SECTION 3.8. GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS FOR SPECIFIC
DISEASES
Appendix 3.8.1.
Appendix 3.8.2.
Appendix 3.8.3.
Appendix 3.8.4.
Appendix 3.8.5.
Appendix 3.8.6.
Appendix 3.8.7.
General principles for recognising a country or zone free from a
given disease/infection
Surveillance systems for rinderpest
Surveillance systems for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
Surveillance systems for bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Factors to consider in conducting the bovine spongiform
encephalopathy risk assessment recommended in chapter 2.3.13.
Principles for recognising a country or zone historically free from
scrapie
Guidelines for the establishment or the regaining of recognition for a
foot and mouth disease free country or zone
SECTION 3.9. ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
Appendix 3.9.1.
Appendix 3.9.2.
Appendix 3.9.3.
Appendix 3.9.4.
Guidelines for the harmonisation of antimicrobial resistance
surveillance and monitoring programmes
Guidelines for the monitoring of the quantities of antimicrobials used
in animal husbandry
Guidelines for the responsible and prudent use of antimicrobial
agents in veterinary medicine
Risk analysis for antimicrobial resistance
PART 4.
MODEL INTERNATIONAL VETERINARY CERTIFICATES
SECTION 4.1 MODEL INTERNATIONAL
ANIMALS
Appendix 4.1.1.
Appendix 4.1.2.
Appendix 4.1.3.
VETERINARY
CERTIFICATES
FOR
LIVE
Model international veterinary certificate for dogs and cats
originating from rabies infected countries
Model international veterinary certificate for domestic or wild
animals of the bovine, bubaline, ovine, caprine or porcine species
Model international veterinary certificate for semen of animals of the
bovine, bubaline, equine, ovine, caprine or porcine species
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Appendix 4.1.4.
Appendix 4.1.5.
Appendix 4.1.6.
Appendix 4.1.7.
Appendix 4.1.8.
Appendix 4.1.9.
Model international veterinary certificate for equines
Model passport for international movement of competition horses
Model International veterinary certificate for birds
Model international veterinary certificate for day-old birds and
hatching eggs
Model international veterinary certificate for rabbits
Model international veterinary certificate for bees and brood-combs
SECTION 4.2. MODEL INTERNATIONAL VETERINARY CERTIFICATE FOR PRODUCTS OF
ANIMAL ORIGIN
Appendix 4.2.1.
Appendix 4.2.2.
Model international veterinary certificate for meat of domestic
animals of the bovine, bubaline, equine, ovine, caprine or porcine
species or of poultry
Model international veterinary certificate for products of animal
origin destined for use in animal feeding, or for agricultural or
industrial or pharmaceutical or surgical use
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Aquatic Animal Health Code
Contents
PART 1.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 1.1. General definitions
CHAPTER 1.1.1.
CHAPTER 1.1.2.
CHAPTER 1.1.3.
Definitions
Disease listing and notification criteria
Diseases listed by the OIE
SECTION 1.2. Notification systems
CHAPTER 1.2.1.
Notifications and epidemiological information
SECTION 1.3. Obligations and ethics in international trade
CHAPTER 1.3.1.
CHAPTER 1.3.2.
General obligations
Certification procedures
SECTION 1.4. Import risk analysis
CHAPTER 1.4.1.
CHAPTER 1.4.2.
CHAPTER 1.4.3.
CHAPTER 1.4.4.
General considerations
Guidelines for risk assessment
Evaluation of Competent Authorities
Zoning
SECTION 1.5. Import/export procedures
CHAPTER 1.5.1.
CHAPTER 1.5.2.
CHAPTER 1.5.3.
CHAPTER 1.5.4.
CHAPTER 1.5.5.
CHAPTER 1.5.6.
Recommendations for transport
Aquatic animal health measures applicable before and at departure
Aquatic animal health measures applicable during transit from the
place of departure in the exporting country to the place of arrival in
the importing country
Frontier posts in the importing country
Aquatic animal health measures on arrival
Measures concerning international transport of aquatic animal
disease agents and pathological material
SECTION 1.6. Guidelines for contingency planning
CHAPTER 1.6.1.
Guidelines for contingency planning
SECTION 1.7. Fallowing
CHAPTER 1.7.1.
Guidelines for fallowing in aquaculture
G/SPS/GEN/512
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PART 2.
DISEASES OF FISH
SECTION 2.1. Diseases listed by the OIE
CHAPTER 2.1.1.
CHAPTER 2.1.2.
CHAPTER 2.1.3.
CHAPTER 2.1.4.
CHAPTER 2.1.5.
CHAPTER 2.1.6.
CHAPTER 2.1.7.
CHAPTER 2.1.8.
CHAPTER 2.1.9.
CHAPTER 2.1.10.
CHAPTER 2.1.11.
CHAPTER 2.1.12.
CHAPTER 2.1.13.
CHAPTER 2.1.14.
CHAPTER 2.1.15.
CHAPTER 2.1.16.
Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis
Infectious haematopoietic necrosis
Oncorhynchus masou virus disease (synonym: salmonid herpesvirus
type 2 disease)
Spring viraemia of carp
Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia
Channel catfish virus disease (herpesvirus of Ictaluridae type 1)
Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy
Infectious pancreatic necrosis
Infectious salmon anaemia
Epizootic ulcerative syndrome
Bacterial kidney disease (Renibacterium salmoninarum)
Enteric septicaemia of catfish (Edwardsiella ictaluri)
Piscirickettsiosis (Piscirickettsia salmoninarum)
Gyrodactylosis (Gyrodactylus salaris)
Red sea bream iridoviral disease
White sturgeon iridoviral disease
PART 3.
DISEASES OF MOLLUSCS
SECTION 3.1. Diseases listed by the OIE
CHAPTER 3.1.1.
CHAPTER 3.1.2.
CHAPTER 3.1.3.
CHAPTER 3.1.4.
CHAPTER 3.1.5.
CHAPTER 3.1.6.
CHAPTER 3.1.7.
CHAPTER 3.1.8.
CHAPTER 3.1.9.
CHAPTER 3.1.10.
CHAPTER 3.1.11.
Infection with Bonamia ostreae
Infection with Bonamia exitiosus
Infection with Mikrocytosis roughleyi
Infection with Haplosporidium nelsoni
Infection with Marteilia refringens
Infection with Marteilia sydneyi
Infection with Mikrocytos mackini
Infection with Perkinsus marinus
Infection with Perkinsus olseni/atlanticus
Infection with Haplosporidium costale
Infection with Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis
PART 4.
DISEASES OF CRUSTACEANS
SECTION 4.1. DISEASES LISTED BY THE OIE
CHAPTER 4.1.1.
CHAPTER 4.1.2.
CHAPTER 4.1.3.
CHAPTER 4.4.4.
CHAPTER 4.1.5.
CHAPTER 4.1.6.
Taura syndrome
White spot disease
Yellowhead disease
Tetrahedral baculovirosis (Baculovirus penaei)
Spherical baculovirosis (Penaeus monodon-type baculovirus)
Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus
G/SPS/GEN/512
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CHAPTER 4.1.7.
CHAPTER 4.1.8.
Crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci)
Spawner-isolated mortality virus disease
PART 5.
APPENDICES
SECTION 5.1. Blood sampling and vaccination
Appendix 5.1.1.
Hygienic precautions
SECTION 5.2. Inactivation of pathogens
Appendix 5.2.1.
Appendix 5.2.2.
General recommendations on disinfection
Disinfection of aquaculture establishments
PART 6.
MODEL INTERNATIONAL AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH CERTIFICATES
N° 1
N° 2
N° 3
N° 4
N° 5
International aquatic animal health certificate for live fish and gametes
International aquatic animal health certificate for dead fish
International aquatic animal health certificate for live molluscs and gametes
International aquatic animal health certificate for live crustaceans
International aquatic animal health certificate for dead crustaceans
__________