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ARTHROPODS Kingdom – Animalia Phylum Arthropoda – “jointed foot” Sub phyla: Crustacea – crabs, crawfish, shrimp ARTHROPODS Kingdom – Animalia Phylum Arthropoda – “jointed foot” Sub phyla: Chelicerata – horseshoe crab, spiders ARTHROPODS Kingdom – Animalia Phylum Arthropoda – “jointed foot” Sub phyla: Uniramia – insects, centipedes, millipedes ARTHROPODS Kingdom – Animalia Phylum Arthropoda – “jointed foot” Sub phyla: Trilobita – ancestor of today’s arthropods extinct Basic Characteristics 1. Segmented bodies divided into segments fused into 2 or 3 larger body regions Basic Characteristics 1. Jointed appendages – for sensing, eating, reproduction, moving, defending Basic Characteristics 1. Exoskeleton – outside skeleton 1. Made of chitin – type of carbohydrate 2. Hardened for protection 3. Limits the size because it has to molt to grow 2. Bilateral symmetry BODY SYSTEMS • Nervous system – Ventral nerve cord and brain – Has ganglia in each segment – Most have compound eyes • Circulatory system – Open system – no vessels to enclose blood • Respiratory system – Gills in aquatic animals – Tracheal tubes in terrestrial animals CRUSTACEANS • Body regions – Cephalothorax – head and thorax are fused • Most appendages are attached here • Covered by a hardened shell of chitin (carapace) – Abdomen – long, narrow tail region • Segmented • Have swimmerets CRUSTACEANS • Body systems – Respiratory • Feathery gills in the thorax – connected to walking legs to create water flow over the gills – Excretory • Green gland located in the head extracts nitrogenous wastes from the blood and maintains proper water and ion amounts in the body – Reproductive • Sexual • Eggs are fertilized as they pass through the gonopore • Swimmerets hold the fertilized eggs CHELICERATES • Body regions – Cephalothorax – Abdomen • Do not have sensory antennae like other arthropods • Most have simple eyes, not compound • All have appendages called chelicerae – Modified pincers or fangs for killing prey • Most are terrestrial except for the horseshoe crab • Have simple and compound eyes • Obtain oxygen through book gills • Includes the Class Arachnida – spiders, mites & ticks UNIRAMIANS • Includes insects, centipedes and millipedes • Have 3 body regions – Head – Thorax – Abdomen • Have compound eyes • Have malphigian tubules to excrete waste • Have tracheal tubes for respiration TRILOBITA • Extinct ancestors to today’s arthropods