Download The Skin - Education Service Center, Region 2

The
Integumentary
System
Skin
• The largest organ in your body
• Functions
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Covers the body and prevents water loss
Protects the body from injury and infection
Regulates body temperature
Eliminates wastes (sweat)
Produces vitamin D
Gathers information about the environment
Stores fat for fuel and insulation
Organs of the
integumentary system
The name is derived from the
Latin integumentum, which
means “a covering.”
skin
hair
nails
Label and color the parts of the
integumentary system
finger nail
Prevents Water Loss
Skin prevents water from leaking out of
your body.
Prevents Infection
Skins acts as a barrier to bacteria and
viruses.
Eliminates Waste
Sweating eliminates dissolved waste
from your body.
Gathers Information
Skin contains nerves that can feel pain
or pressure.
Provide Vitamin D
With the help of sunlight, your skin
produces vitamin D
Vitamin D is essential in calcium
absorption from food
Maintains Homeostasis
Helps to keep the body temperature
normal
Has blood vessels that tell the body
when it is hot or cold
Hot – blood vessels get larger and sweating
occurs
Cold – blood vessels constrict to keep blood
in the body’s core
Layers of Skin
Skin consists of three main layers
epidermis
dermis
subcutaneous layer
subcutaneous
layer
Epidermis
 Epidermis – the upper layer of skin where nails
grow and where melanin in located.
Every minute, 30,000 - 40,000 skin cells fall off
95% of your skin cells make new cells
5% make melanin
More sun exposure
= more melanin (tan)
 dermis - middle
layer of skin that
contains nerves,
blood vessels,
sweat glands, oil
glands and hair
follicles.
subcutaneous layer – acts as a fat
storage to provide warmth and to absorb
shock.
hair
Made of a strong, dead protein, called
keratin.
Grows out of a tiny tube called a
follicle.
Hair growth is caused by rapid mitosis
in the follicle.
Hair follicles are everywhere except
lips
palms
soles
hair
Over 100,000 follicles on the scalp.
Each follicle is attached to a gland that
secretes sebum (oil).
Color is partially determined by
melanin.
nails
Modified hair that grows from your
cuticle.
Made of keratin.
No nerve endings.
Protects the end of fingers and toes
Takes 6 months to grow from cuticle to
tip.
nails
Fingernails grow faster than toenails.
Nails grow faster on your dominant
hand.
Nails DO NOT grow after death!
Body systems that work with the
integumentary system;
respiratory system to get oxygen
and remove carbon dioxide.
circulatory system to deliver
oxygen.
excretory system to eliminate
waste.
The integumentary system is
similar to the cell membrane in
a cell.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z5VnOS9Ke3g