Download Amphibians

Amphibians
Frogs and Such
Frogs, Salamanders, Newts, Toads
What
makes this
a frog??
Let’s draw a frog…..
Draw a large oval…
Add two semi circles
Add two circles for eyes,
two more for a nose.
Make the frog happy!
Complete the feet:
Frogs’ Body Temperature
 Body temperature
 Like reptiles, amphibians are described
as cold-blooded; body temperature varies
with the temperature of the environment
and is generally much lower than that of
birds and mammals. Because they rely
on external sources of warmth,
amphibians in cool regions hibernate
through the winter.
Common Frog
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Amphibians are organisms that go
through a complete metamorphosis
and become another animal
They live the first part of their life after
hatching as a “fish” with gills
swimming in the water
Gills take oxygen out of the water and
release hydrogen into the water as
bubbles and keep the oxygen to use
in their blood stream
Gill
Inside body
Outside body
Water
(H2O)
Oxygen (O)
Water (H2O)
Oxygen (O2)
Water (H2O)
Oxygen (O)
Hydrogen (H)
H
H
H
Tadpole
 They use their tails as food for the rapid
growth they go through to become frogs
 Black tadpoles become toads (brown
and rough) Brown tadpoles become
frogs (green and smooth)
 All amphibians must stay close to water
for:
reproductive purposes
to keep their skin moist (frogs)
so their mucus glands in the skin will
work correctly.
 Tadpole’s life cycle lasts about one
month during which they develop into
a frog that breathes air with lungs
instead of oxygen from water.
 They are a vertebrate and have a
nerve cord and a backbone.
External Anatomy
Integument system
 Skin: Moist and has mucus glands.
Frogs-green Toads-brown
 Smooth / bumpy Camouflage with
the environment (can change color)
External Anatomy
Skeletal and Muscles
 Hind legs
 Large in size and have good jumping
ability, they have webbed feet for
swimming and speed of movement.
External Anatomy
Skeletal and Muscles
 Fore legs
 Smaller in size and used for
balance, they have non webbed feet.
 Thumb can tell the sex of a mature
male frog / toad.
External Anatomy
Senses – Nervous system
 Tympanic membrane
 Hearing on the side of the head, like
our eardrum. Goes to the auditory
nerve in the brain. Transfers sound
vibrations to sound like the human
ear does.
External Anatomy
Senses – Nervous system
 Eye
 Can see in 195-degree range
 Has a third eyelid that acts like a
goggle to protect the eye from the
water. They can see well under
water. Nicitating Membrane
 Can see
 color and shapes.
 Eyes sit on top of the head for better vision in
the water. (like an alligator)
External Anatomy
Respiratory system
 Nostrils
 Allows air into the mouth and air sac
under the throat
 for breathing and sounds.
 They will close due to the pressure under
water. Open when above water or on
land.
External Anatomy
Respiratory / Digestive systems
 Mouth
 Opens very widely
 Have maxillary teeth for chewing
food
 Have Vomerine teeth for holding
food while it is being chewed
External Anatomy
Respiratory / Digestive systems
 Tongue folds out from the front,
sticky like fly paper on the underside
to catch and hold bugs. Very long
and fast. Strong muscle.
External Anatomy
 Air sac is under the tongue where the
air passes to make sounds.
 Eustation tube (inner ear) for balance
in swimming
 Nostril openings where air comes in
and goes to the
 Pharynx for breathing and sounds.
External Anatomy
 Epiglottis
 Piece of skin that hangs down to
protect food from going into the
wrong “pipe” when the frog is
breathing.
Quiz 3 External
Amphibian (30 points)
1. What is this a picture of and where
would you find it in an amphibian?
2._________
3. ________
5. Explain what is taking
place in this diagram.
4. _____________
 6. What is the difference in a frog and a
toad?
 7. What is the tympanic membrane and
what is its function for the amphibian?
 8. How is an amphibian like an
earthworm?
 9. What is it about a frog’s eyes that
makes them so great at defense?
 10. Name four things about a frog that
make it unique from other animals; (when
you look at it you know it is a frog and not
some other kind of an animal.)