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The
Human
Body
Just about all there is to know about your body!
Including:
By Audrey Peters
The Skeletal System
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The Muscles of the Body
The Skin
The Nervous System
The Digestive System
The Circulatory System
The Respiratory System
AND
The Heart
Background:
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The Skeletal System
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The Skeletal System
Your body is made up of many bones, and they
are all very important. Bones have two jobs. Bones
like the backbone give the support that allows you to
stand up instead of lying on the ground. Other bones
protect the fragile, and sometimes soft insides of your
body. The skull, a chain of connected bones protects
your brain from damage. Your rib cage is a very
important bone. It protects your heart and lungs from
serious injury. What would you do without your bones?
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Healthy Hint: Drink plenty of milk (or have
calcium, which is found in milk) each day to
build strong bones.
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The skeletal system is very important
to our bodies. Without it we wouldn’t be
able support our bodies. Bones are a very
important part of our bodies. When you
were born you had over three hundred
bones. As you get older your bones “fuse”
together. When you grow to be an adult
you will have two hundred and six bones.
The skeletal system gives your body its
shape and protects your organs.
The Bones
 Mandible
 Scapula
 Cranium
 Ilium
 Radius
 Carpals
 Ulna
 Phalanges
 Tibia
 Tarsal
 Fibula
 Clavicle
 Humorous
 Femur
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Muscles of the Body
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Muscles of the Body
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Without muscles you wouldn’t be
able to do a lot of things, such as lifting up
things, talk, move your legs, and many more
things you do everyday. About forty percent of
your body weight is muscles. You wouldn’t even
be able to breathe without them! Your body is
made up of many muscles.
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Muscles help you smile,
blink, breathe, move, and talk. The
human body has over 630 muscles that
help you move every day. Muscles
usually work together so they can pull in
different directions. They use chemical
energy from food ,to do this. Muscles
are made of cells that get smaller and
then go back to their original size.
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Healthy Hint: eat foods containing
protein, such as: meats and eggs, to
build strong muscles.
Your Muscles
 Occipital
 Trapezius
 Deltoid
 Latissimus Dorsi
 Gluteus Maximus
 Biceps
 Triceps
 Pectoralis Major
 Biceps Femoris
 Soleus
 Archilles Tendon
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The Skin
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The Skin
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Your skin protects
your bones and muscles. The
skin holds your blood in ,and
your bones. The only time
your body may not hold in
blood is when you have a cut
or tear in your skin. It insulates
you against all kinds of bumps
and bangs. The skin helps
protect your body , with it’s
many layers.
Your skin is soft, strong, http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http
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m/skin_biopsy/article.htm&usg
your could think about the skin is
thinking of it as a large container.
Without it, everything that it contains
wouldn’t be together anymore. Your skin
is the largest organ in your body, and
helps protect you from many things.
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Healthy Hint: Wear sunscreen during the summer, and put lotion on to
prevent dry skin.
The Nervous System
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The Nervous System
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The nervous system helps
you walk, paint, play sports, and
many other things that you might
do each day. The nervous system
is made up of many nerves, your
brain, and the spinal cord. Your
brain takes information from your
nerves. The nervous system is a
very important part of your body.
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The nervous system is made
up of the brain, the spinal cord,
and the group of nerves that
thread through your entire body.
Your brain uses information it
collects from your nerves to
manage all of the actions and
reactions . Without the nervous
system you wouldn’t be able to
exist! This is because the nerves
and the brain work together to
perform different actions.
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36.html
Healthy Hint: To keep your nervous system
healthy, eat foods containing anti-oxidants,
vitamins, and minerals, to keep your nervous
system’s control center (the brain) healthy.
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The Digestive System
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The Digestive System
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Before cells in
your body can use
food , it has to be
processed , by being
digested, or broken
down into nutrients.
This is your digestive
system’s job. It chews
food into small pieces
then exposes it to
chemicals. These
chemicals change
complicated nutrients
into simple ones.
These are then taken
in by your
bloodstream. Any
waste that has not
been digested is
removed.
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Once you chew a bite of food, chemicals in
your saliva create chemical reactions. After you
swallow, your muscles squeeze the wet mass of food
down the esophagus. This happens in a muscle action
called peristalsis. The valve in your stomach opens and
the food lands in your stomach. Your stomach is full of
half digested food that is being mixed with digestive
chemicals. Food gets churned around and mixes with
chemicals, breaking the food into even smaller pieces.
Another valve opens and the mixture gets pushed into
the small intestine. Chemicals and liquids from places
such as the kidney and the pancreas break down the
extras. The small intestine contains villi, they are like
sponges and are able to absorb large amounts of
nutrients from your food. After that, the nutrients will
flow into your bloodstream. The extras that your body
can not use are travel to the large intestine. It is wide
and dry. The leftovers get smaller, harder, and drier as
they are pushed through the tube. This is the place
where water is taken out and is recycled back into your
body. At the end of the large intestine the body waste
is then eliminated out of your body.
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Healthy Hint: Eat fiber for a healthy digestive system, it can be found in
cereals, nuts, beans, fruit, and raw vegetables.
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The Circulatory System
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The Circulatory System
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The trillions of cells that make up
your body’s tissues need supplies of food and
oxygen, constantly, and to have their waste to
be removed. Delivery and removal is
provided by your circulatory system. Matter
heading to or from cells are carried in blood.
Pumped by your heart blood circulates around
the body along in blood vessels. Your
circulatory system also helps protect your
body from infection and keeping your body
temperature normal.
Healthy Hint: Be careful not to eat a
lot of fatty foods, or your arteries
could get clogged.
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The Circulatory System is one
of the most important systems in your
body. It is made up of the heart, blood and
blood vessels . Blood coming from the
heart gives nutrients and oxygen to
everything in the body. When the blood
returns to the heart, it picks up waste
products so your body can get rid of them.
When you inhale, blood is pumped from
the heart to the lungs, and oxygen gets
mixed with blood. Then blood, mixed with
oxygen, goes back to the heart where it is
pumped through the arteries and capillaries
.(a type of blood vessel.) The blood then
travels to the whole body, giving oxygen to
all the cells in the body. (including the
bones skin and other organs.) At the end
veins than carry the blood (with no more
oxygen) back to the heart to do it all over
again.
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The Respiratory System
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The Respiratory System
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Your Respiratory
System brings oxygen into your
body and removes carbon dioxide.
Your body cells use oxygen to
release the energy they need to
live. The energy is released in a
process called respiration. This
process also releases waste
carbon dioxide, that has to be
removed before it poisons your
body. The respiratory system is
made of the lungs and air
passages that carry air to and from
the lungs. It works by taking in air
containing oxygen, and taking out
air containing carbon dioxide.
Your cells need a consistent
supply of oxygen, so you don’t
stop breathing.
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The cells in your
body need oxygen. You wouldn’t
be able to do many things.
Without oxygen you would die.
You get oxygen from breathing in
air which your blood circulates
all over your body. Your
respiratory system takes in the
oxygen and removes carbon
dioxide from the air, so it is okay
to breathe. Inside your body
there are sacs that bring new
oxygen from air that you have
breathed to your bloodstream.
They exchange it for waste
products like carbon dioxide
which the cells in your body
have made but can not use.
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Healthy Hint: To keep your lungs healthy, do not
EVER smoke.
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The Heart
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The Heart
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The heart pumps
blood to the farthest parts of
your body and back again,
making sure that every cell
gets oxygen, food and other
supplies. Your heart about
seventy times a minute at rest,
but it speeds up when you
exercise. Contractions of your
heart are so powerful that it
can pump your body’s entire
blood volume in one minute.
Your heart pumps without
stopping for a break.
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The heart has four parts
the left ventricle the right ventricle the
left atrium and the right atrium. Blood
is pushed around the atrium into the
ventricle on each side of the heart.
Between them small valves open and
close at each heartbeat to manage
the flow of blood. The left side of the
heart gets blood from the lungs
where it has collected oxygen and
pushes it all through the body. The
right side of the heart gets blood after
it takes oxygen around the body,
then sends it back to the lungs for
more oxygen.
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Healthy Hint: Exercise at
least three times a week to
keep your heart healthy.
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Vocabulary
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Vocabulary
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 Ventricle-One of the two lower chambers on each side of the heart
 Atrium- One of the two upper chambers on each side of the heart
 Blood Cell-any of the elements of the blood, as white blood cells or
red blood cells
 Peristalsis- the wave of contraction and relaxation of a tubular
muscular system
 Pancreas-a gland situated near the stomach that secrets a digestive
fluid into the intestine through one or more ducts and also secrets
the hormone insulin
 Sac-A baglike structure in an animal, plant or fungus, as one
containing fluid
 Villi-One of the many vascular projections of the small intestine
The End!!
Thank you for watching my body project.
I hope you learned something new about the human body.
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