Download Nervous System

Nervous
and
Endocrine
Systems
Nervous System
Functions
• Thought processes
• Coordination of movement
• Relays information from the body
to the brain or other organs
Organs
• Brain – main control center for the body.
• Spinal Cord – column of nervous tissue
that runs through the backbone.
• Nerves – bundles of tissue that carry impulses
from one place to another.
• Neurons – nerve cells
How it Works
Central Nervous System
•Brain and Spinal Cord
Peripheral Nervous System
•All other nerves
Nerve Cell
• Cell Body – central part
• Axons – carry signals from one nerve cell to others.
• Dendrites – receive signals from other nerve cells.
• Synapse – area between nerve cells where signals are
passed.
• Neurotransmitter – chemicals that carry nerve signals.
The Brain
• Cerebrum – center for thought, imagination, and emotions.
• Cerebellum – controls balance, posture, movement, and
coordination.
• Brain Stem – guides signals from spinal cord to other parts
of the brain, and controls many autonomic
actions such as breathing and heartbeat.
Cerebrum
Endocrine System
Functions
• Works with nervous system to coordinate
and regulate the body.
• Produces Hormones
Hormones
• Substances secreted by cells in specific
organs that act to regulate other cell
functions in the body.
Organs
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•
•
•
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•
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Pituitary Gland – growth
Pineal Gland – sleep patterns
Parathyroid Gland – regulates blood calcium
Thymus Gland – regulates immune system
Thyroid Gland – regulates metabolism
Adrenal Gland – “fight” or “flight” response
Pancreas – regulates blood sugar
Gonads – stimulate development of secondary sex
characteristics and reproductive cycles.
(ovaries and testes)
How It Works
1. Signals are sent by the nervous system to
a particular gland.
2. The gland releases hormones into the
bloodstream.
3. The hormones control many types of cells
to regulate the specific body process.