Download 1.1 Safety in the Science Classroom

2.1 Body Systems
• A system is made of parts that work
together as a whole.
• The Characteristics of Systems
 1. A system is made of individual parts that
work together as a whole.
 2. A system is usually connected to one or
more systems.
 3. If one part of a system is missing or
damaged, the system will not function well
or may not function at all.
A stereo system
has many parts
that work
together.
See pages 54 - 55
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
Systems of the Human Body
Eleven systems of the human body
•Circulatory System
•Transports blood, nutrients, gases, and
wastes
•Digestive System
•Breaks down food and absorbs the nutrients
•Respiratory System
•Exchanges gases in lungs and tissues
•Excretory System
•Removes liquid and gas wastes from the body
•Immune System
•Defends body against infections
•Endocrine System
•Manufactures and releases hormones
See pages 56 - 57
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
Systems of the Human Body
More Systems…
•Reproductive System
•Includes reproductive organs for producing
offspring
•Integumentary System
•Creates a waterproof barrier around the body
•Skeletal System
•Supports, protects, and works with muscles to
move parts of the body
•Muscular System
•Has muscles that work with the bones to move
parts of the body
•Nervous System
•Detects changes in the environment and
signals the body to carry out a response
See pages 56 - 57
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
Organ Systems
• An organ system has one or more organs that perform
specific body functions.
 For example your heart is part of the circulatory system.
• The four levels of organization within the human body
are:
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
See page 58
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
Tissues: The Foundation of Body Systems
• Tissue is a group of cells that have
the same structure and function.
• Four types of body tissue:
 Muscle tissue
 Assists in body movement
 Nerve tissue
 Transfers signals to and from brain
 Connective tissue
 Holds together and supports other
tissue
 Epithelial tissue
 Covers the surface of organs and
body
See pages 58 -59
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007