Download Helpful Notetaking Tip - quincybrewington

1st Quarter
Using p. 92 in your textbook, answer the following
question:
After 1800, how does the United States
change?
Who is Lewis and Clark? Who is York?
Why do you think many AfricanAmericans were eager to move west?
Why do you think many AfricanAmericans were wary of this westward
expansion?
Helpful Note taking Tip
• All of the main ideas (i.e.
key people, key
vocabulary) appear in
orange
• All important details
appear in red
1st Quarter
• In a well-constructed
paragraph, answer the
following question:
–Was the Civil War
inevitable?
Well-constructed paragraphs
have…
• A strong topic sentence
– States the clear objective or position of the
paragraph
– Gives room for evidence to follow
• Supportive details
– Support the objective or position stated in the
topic sentence
– Provides evidence
• Closing/Transition sentence
– “Gift wraps” the ideas in the paragraph
– Allows for connection and transition to next
paragraph
Road to the Civil War
Introduction
• Since the onset of our country the
regional differences in economy
created a schism in the new found
nation
• The schism will lead us into
compromise and eventual conflict
Outline
I. Rise of abolitionists
II. Attempts to compromise
III. Dred Scott case
IV.Causes of the Civil War
Antislavery vs. Abolition
• Antislavery movement: against
slavery
• Abolition movement: push to end
slavery in the United States
What is the difference?
What contributed to the growth of the
antislavery movement in the early
1800s?
• Second Great Awakening
– Rebirth of religious fervor encouraged reform
– Reform focus contributed to growth of antislavery
movement
• More Americans viewed slavery as moral wrong
that went against religious beliefs
– Social reformers united and formed organizations to
oppose slavery
Types of Abolitionist
Militant
• Believed in immediate
emancipation
• Believed that slaves
needed to be armed in
order to revolt
• Ex.
– William Lloyd Garrison
– David Walker
– John Brown
Non-militant
• Opposed slavery
especially through
newspaper and the
Underground Railroad
• Once emancipated,
wanted to end racial
discrimination as well
• Ex.
–
–
–
–
Frederick Douglass
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Sojourner Truth
Levi Coffin
How did militant
abolitionists differ from
other black abolitionists?
Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, this novel exposes the terrible treatment of
slaves in the slave community. The call for abolition rises in the North following
this novel which outrages the South.
Attempts to compromise
•
•
•
•
Missouri Compromise (1820)
Wilmot Proviso (1846)
Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
– Written by Stephen A. Douglass
– Popular sovereignty in the KansasNebraska Territory
– Leads to “BLEEDING KANSAS”
Dred Scott case
ruling by the U.S.
Supreme Court that
people of African
descent brought into
the United States and
held as slaves (or
their descendants,
whether or not they
were slaves) were not
protected by the
Constitution and
could never be U.S.
citizens.
Causes of Civil War
• Long-Term Causes
• Conflict over Slavery
in territories
(westward
expansion)
• Economic differences
b/w North and South
• Conflict b/w states’
rights and Fed.
Control
• Immediate Cause
• Founding of the
Republican Party/
• Election of Lincoln
– South feels that their
political voice will no
longer be heard
• Secession of Southern
States (leave and
create the
Confederacy)
• Firing on Ft. Sumter
The Civil War
Union:
• 23 states
• 22 million people
• 80% of nation’s factories
• 90% of nation’s skilled
workers
• Extensive railroad
power and naval system
• 70% of the nation’s
wealth
• Few experienced
military leaders
Confederacy
• 11 states + bordering
territories
• 9 million people (3.5
were slaves)
• Agrarian society
• Less than 30% of
nation’s railroad
• Dependent on
imports, cannot tax
citizens directly
• Superior military
leadership
Abraham Lincoln
• Intentions at the beginning of the Civil
War
– Preserving the Union
– Conflict is not a result of slavery, rather
states’ rights
• What were his feelings towards AfricanAmericans? (known as the “Great
Emancipator”)
– Thought slavery was morally wrong
– Opposed the EXPANSION of slavery
– Thought African-Americans were not
equal to whites
African-Americans during the
Civil War
•Black men in the North volunteered to
fight; the Union army turned them away;
African Americans created informal
military units and trained for possible
active duty
•A few Union generals disagreed with the
decision not to accept blacks in the army
– Contrabands, escaped Confederate slaves, began turning up at
Union army camps seeking protection and offering to help the
Union cause
– Offered noncombatant positions such as cooks or hospital
orderlies
– The navy approved active enlistment of black men in
September 1861
African-Americans during
the Civil War
•African Americans contributed to
the war effort of the Confederacy
–Slaves grew much of the food; such
labor freed white men to fight
–Slaves served in noncombat positions as
cooks or wagon drivers
African-American Soldiers
Unique Hardships
Treatment
• Black troops received fewer
supplies, less training, and
less pay
•If captured, black troops
faced more severe treatment
• Took steps to counter such
discrimination
• Members of the 54th Mass.
Infantry protested unequal
wages by refusing pay for
over a year
• U.S. government finally
agreed to pay same to all
troops
•Confederate troops enslaved
or executed captured black
soldiers
•White troops were held as
prisoners of war
•In all, 186,000 black men
served bravely in the Union
forces
Heroic Black Women in the Civil War
• Nursing the sick most common job
– Nurse Susie King Taylor, wife of officer in 1st
Carolina Volunteers
– Also taught soldiers to read and write in spare
time
• Sojourner Truth
– Leading black abolitionist worked to support
war effort
– Helped raise money and supplies for southern
black refugees
– Met with President Lincoln, who convinced her
to nurse wounded black soldiers in Freedmen’s
Hospital
Heroic Black Women in the Civil War
• Female Spies
•Harriet Tubman gathered information from
southern slaves
– Praised for her “remarkable courage, zeal, and
fidelity”
•Mary Elizabeth Bowser another well-known black
spy; worked in home of Confederate president
Jefferson Davis
– Pretended she could not read; listened to
conversations and examined documents; passed
valuable military information to Union officials