Download Radical Republicans

Warm-up Quick Write
Wednesday, May 24, 2017
During the process of Reconstruction many Northern
politicians known as Radical Republicans wanted to
show no mercy toward the South. These men wanted
to punish the South for seceding and for supporting
slavery. If you were a Northern legislator, would
you rule and rebuild the South while punishing
them, or would you show mercy? Why?
Warm-up
• Reading Quiz Ch. 4.4
1. His reconstruction plan asked for leniency on the South and
was also known as the 10% plan.
2. They wanted African Americans to be given full citizenship
and the right to vote. They were led by Senator Sumner &
Representative Thaddeus Stevens
3. ___________ was Lincoln’s successor after his death.
4. _____________ were white Southerners who joined the
Republican Party. Many were small farmers who wanted to
improve their economic position and did not want the former
wealthy planters to regain power. ____________ were
Northerners who moved to the South after the war.
Warm-up
• Reading Quiz Ch. 4.4
1. His reconstruction plan asked for leniency on the South and
was also known as the 10% plan. Lincoln’s Plan
2. They wanted African Americans to be given full citizenship
and the right to vote. They were led by Senator Sumner &
Representative Thaddeus Stevens Radical Republicans
3. ___________ was Lincoln’s successor after his death.
Johnson
4. _____________ were white Southerners who joined the
Republican Party. Many were small farmers who wanted to
improve their economic position and did not want the former
wealthy planters to regain power. ____________ were
Northerners who moved to the South after the war.
Carpetbaggers& Scalawags
Reconstruction Foldable
• Instruction for foldable- fold paper in hamburger style
format, but don’t fold it completely in ½. Leave about 1-2
inches at the bottom of the paper. Then fold the paper into
3rds.
• Cut the pictures out of Lincoln, Sumner & Johnson out &
paste them to the front of the paper, one per box. At the
bottom of each picture write Lincoln’s Plan, Radical
Republican’s Plan & Johnson’s Plan.
• At the bottom of the paper in the 1-2 in area write
“Reconstruction”
• Flip the paper up looking at the inside of the foldable & write
key details as to what each plan called for considering
reconstruction. Also include any examples.
Rebuilding
-Had to rebuild everything
How do we…?
-Political – Decide how to accept
11 states back in Union
-criteria?
-representation?
-punishments?
-Social – promote freedom and
civil rights to freed slaves
-Economic – rebuild the southern
economy
PAGE 24
Lincoln’s Plan
-Preserve Union
-Higher Cause
-forgiving peace
-”with malice toward none, with
charity for all”
-amnesty to most
-10% must take oath - if 10% of
state’s voters swear loyalty to
Union, they would be accepted
back
-little mention of former slaves
Stevens:
•Major opponent of slavery
-Radical Republicans – believed •Main Radical Republican in
in punishing the South
Congress
-Thaddeus Stevens
Sumner:
•Senator from Massachusetts.
-Charles Sumner
•Leader of the antislavery forces
-Wade-Davis Bill of 1864 –
in Massachusetts and a leader of
pocket vetoed
the Radical Republicans
-harsher plan
•Working to destroy
- Confiscating CSA land for
the Confederacy by:
freedmen
•free all the slaves
-martial law – military rule
•keep on good terms with
-majority takes oath – disagreed
Europe.
w/ 10% plan. Wanted a majority
•Minimize power of the exto swear loyalty.
Confederates
-bars former leaders from
guarantee equal rights to
office
theFreedmen
Radical Plan
Wade-Davis Bill (1864)
•Unsuccessful attempt by
Radical Republicans and others
to set Reconstruction policy
before the end of the Civil
War.
•A way Southern States who
seceded would re-enter into
the Union.
Lincoln Assassinated
-John Wilkes Booth “THE
SOUTH IS AVENGED”
-Andrew Johnson is President
-tried to follow Lincoln’s plan
with additions
-13th Amendment – Abolishes
slavery
-Congress refuses plan –
Johnson’s plan was too
moderate
-South tries to reorganize
under Lincoln’s plan
Southern Politics
-Black Codes
Laws that sought to limit the rights
of African Americans
-many of the same leaders
elected to office
-blacks denied most rights
Limited employment
opportunities
Prohibited ownership of
property
Vagrancy laws
-many people of the Union saw
little change and began to
question the outcome of the
war
Power Struggle
-Congress refuses to admit new
southern delegates
-Congress passes Civil Right Act
of 1866 over a Johnson veto –
-superseded state laws
-guaranteed civil rights
-Congress bypasses Johnson to
achieve equal rights
-14th Amendment – set
criteria for readmitted states
-States would lose representation
if they refused blacks the vote
-Refused office holding of former
confederate leaders
-Radicals control Congress after
1866 elections with large
majority
Radical Reconstruction
-Reconstruction Act of 1867
-override the President
-military rule of South –
divided into five regions
-protect former slaves
-bans former leaders –
confederate leaders from
serving office
• the bill reduced the secessionist states to conquered
territory
• dividing them into five military districts (except TN. They
had ratified the 14th and was readmitted
•0
• each governed by a Union general-had power to
appoint/remove state officials
•Congress declared martial law in the territories, dispatching
troops to keep the peace and protect former slaves.
•Voters were to be registered
• all freedmen were to be included as well as those white men
who took an extended loyalty oath
•state constitutional conventions w/ new officials, were to
draft new governing documents providing for black male
suffrage
•States were required to ratify the 14th Amendment prior to
readmission.
New Government
-Scalawags – Middleclass men
who are new to politics –
often Republican – often for
Afr. Amer. rights
-Carpetbaggers – Northerners
who moved to the South for
economic gains
-African Americans can vote
-Black leaders elected
(especially in Wilmington, NC)
-some corruption
Johnson Impeached
-Johnson fights with Radicals
-Radicals seek to impeach
-Tenure of Office Act – says
President must ask Congress
before firing certain govt
officials
-Johnson tests the legality of
Act – fires his Secretary of
State
-Johnson impeached but
acquitted
House Republicans, tired of
presidential vetoes that blocked
Military Reconstruction
impeached him w/a vote of:
126–47 for violating the Tenure
of Office Act. …
Grant Elected
-Johnson serves out term with
no real effect on policy
-General Grant is nominated and
wins election easily
-15th Amendment – protects
voters on basis of race, color
or previous condition of
servitude
- States use literacy
tests to disenfranchise black
voters
Lincoln’s Plan 10% Plan
Wade-Davis Bill
Leaflet
• Design a leaflet that would have been
distributed during the Reconstruction period.
Focus on one of 2 areas:
1.Carpetbaggers traveling into the south
looking for opportunities or planning
schemes
Or
2.Opportunities for former slaves in the north.