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Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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1. Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent
English settlement, was founded in 1607.
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2.The Declaration of Independence was signed
July 4, 1776 (Written by Thomas Jefferson).
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3. The Constitution of the United States was
written in 1787- James Madison is the “Father”
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4. President Thomas Jefferson purchased the
Louisiana Territory from France in 1803.
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5. The Civil War was fought from 1861-1865.
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6. The ___House of Burgesses was the first
representative assembly in the new world.
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7. The first battle of the American Revolution was
at Lexington and Concord in April 1775.
Hey Ralph! I bet they hear
this shot ‘round the world!
That’s good
stuff!
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8. The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the
American Revolution (French entered the war).
If you get shot,
can I have your
Freedom Fries?
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9. The British defeat in 1781 at Yorktown, Virginia by George
Washington’s troops signaled the end of the American
Revolution.
http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-yorktown.htm
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10. Mercantilism is an economic system in which the
mother country controls the trade of its colonies.
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11. A tariff is a tax on goods brought into a
country (designed to protect home industries).
Foreign
Merchant
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12. Republicanism is a system of representative
government in which voters elect
representatives to make laws for them.
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13. The Three Branches of Government are the
Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches.
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14. Checks and Balances is a system set up by the Constitution
in which each branch of the federal government has the power
to check, or control, the actions of the other branches.
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15. Federalism is the sharing of power between
the states and the national government.
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16. The Legislative Branch makes the laws.
The Executive Branch enforces the laws.
My nameThe Judicial Branch interprets the
is Bill
meaning of the laws.
Lawmaker
.
I veto
you
You are
SO
guilty!!!
We are the
knights
who say
Ni!
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17. The Magna Carta, signed in 1215 by King John, was
the first document that limited power of the ruler.
Bring me
a
shrubbery!
Magna Carta, 1215
“No freeman shall be
seized … except by
the lawful judgment
of his peers (equals),
or by the law of the
land.”
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18. The
- an agreement
signed in 1620 by the Pilgrims in Plymouth. It is
a set of rules for running the colony.
Does the
Indian think
he’s hiding?
Don’t go!
I’m cold & I
want my
mommy.
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19. The Proclamation
of 1763 limited the
colonies from
expanding west of
the Appalachian
Mountains
Do not cross, by order
of the British
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20. The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the
French and Indian War. The debt from the war
led to increased British taxation of the colonies.
‘Ere’s your
tea, MATE!
Poop on
your duty.
Your Coercive
Acts are
Intolerable!
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21. The English Bill of Rights of 1689 protected the
rights of English citizens and became the basis for the
“That it is the right of the American Bill of Rights.
subjects to petition the king”
King James II
I will
You’re out Daddy
& we are in. We
RULE you,
know Parliament
punk!
has the funk.
William & Mary
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22. These acts following the French &
Indian War ticked off the Colonies and
eventually led to the Revolution!
Sugar
Tea
1764
1773
Quartering Act
Stamp
1765
1765
Intolerable or Coercive
1774
Townshend
1767
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23. Common Sense - a pamphlet by Thomas
Paine that convinced many colonists to support
independence from Great Britain.
It is “Paine-ful” to
not use Common
Sense.
Get it?
Ha ha!
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24. Thomas Paine wrote pamphlets like Common
Sense and The Crisis to encourage American
independence and resolve.
The
These are the
times that try
Crisis
men’s souls
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25. Ben Franklin wrote the Albany Plan of Union – “Join
or Die!” He also signed the Declaration of
Independence and the Constitution.
Those
who
would
give
up to
He
that
is
good
for
making
Early
Energy
He
Never
An
that
to
investment
and
bed
falls
leave
persistence
and
inis
love
that
early
intill
with
Creditors
have
better
I
Well
am
in
done
the
prime
better
of
essential
liberty
to
purchase
a
little
excuses
is seldom
good
for
rise
himself
tomorrow
knowledge
conquer
makes
will
which
a
have
always
all
man
things.
no
you
healthy,
pays
rivals.
can
memories
than
debtors.
temporary
safety
deserve
neither
than
senility.
well
said.
anything
else.
wealthy,
the best
do today.
and
interest.
wise.
liberty nor safety.
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26. Sam Adams, a member of the Sons of Liberty and
leader of the Boston Tea Party, stirred public support
for American independence.
Die, you defenseless American
rebels! We massacre your for no
reason! (according to Paul Revere)
“If ye love wealth better
than liberty...
Crouch down and lick the
hands which feed you.”
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27. The fiery orator, patriot and Anti-Federalist Patrick Henry
called for American independence and later opposed the
Constitution because it did not protect individual liberties.
“Give me
liberty or give
me death!”
I smell a rat…
I got your Bill of
Rights right here, you
stinkin’ AntiFederalist!
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28. George Washington was the leader of the
Continental Army who later became the first
President of the United States .
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29. A patriot is
someone who
supported
American
independence I’m a Patriot,
during the
too!
Revolution.
TOUCHDOWN!
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30. A loyalist is
someone who
supported
maintaining
British rule
over the
colonies
during the
Revolution.
Why don’t you
hold the end of
this electrified
string, you
dirty loyalist!
I sure do
like
England,
Dad.
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31. King George III of England: He offended the
colonies with his taxes and abuses of our rights as
Englishman.
King George III – Statue being pulled down
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32. The Declaration of Independence - a list of
grievances against King George III - was written by
Thomas Jefferson-July 4, 1776. It declared the
colonies independent from England.
Dear Georgie,
You stink.
Love, Tom
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33. Unalienable rights are rights that cannot be given
up, taken away or transferred. Life, liberty and the
pursuit of happiness, are some of those rights.
Grrrrr… My Rights are Godgiven, natural rights and you
can’t take them from me!!
Woof!
Arf!
I am the King of this
kennel, and I will take
them If I want!
Bark!!
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34. The Articles of Confederation –
Our 1st National government with
one branch (legislative). The states
have most of the power. It would be
replaced by the Constitution in 1787.
Weaknesses of the Articles of
Confederation
•No executive branch
•No levying of taxes
•No judicial branch
•No regulation of trade
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35. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established the procedures
for the expansion of the United States and explains that new
states are admitted to the Union equal to existing states.
Congress appoints governor
To rule territory
MN
With 5,000 free adult males,
elect a territorial legislature
WI
MI
IL
IN
60,000 total free population,
write a constitution
OH
Congressional approval of
Constitution means statehood
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36. The Treaty of Paris of 1783 ended the American Revolution
and forced Britain to recognize the United States as an
independent nation.
Ahh… Paris. Such a
wonderful – HEY!
Where did the British
go?!?
Come on, mates.
Let’s go home and get
some fish and chips.
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37. Shays’ Rebellion
highlighted the weaknesses
of the Articles of
Confederation & convinced
many Founders of the need
for a stronger national
government.
GW should be scared!
Take my farm? I’ll
whup that tax man
from a sittin’ position.
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38. Alexander Hamilton: a leader of the Federalists, first
Treasurer of the United States, and creator of the Bank of the
U.S. - killed in a duel by the V. P. of the U. S.
Suck eggs Tom!! The
national government must
be strong & the bank’s a
great idea.
The bank is unconstitutional.
Power to the states & may
my V.P. shoot you dead!
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39. The Great Compromise
created a bi-cameral (2
House) Legislature we call
Congress.
Representation in the
House of Representatives
based on population; the
Senate--each state gets 2.
Senate -2 for each state
House of
Representatives (435)
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40. The Constitution (our written plan of government) - Created:
Philadelphia, 1787. Provides a strong national government with
power balanced between the 3 branches.
Executive
Legislative
Power
Judicial
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41. James
Madison is
considered to
be the “Father
of the
Constitution”.
I should
win
“Father of
the Year”
for this.
Baby Constitution
#1
Dad!
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42. Separation of Powers: system in which each
branch of government has its own powers.
Legislative
Makes Laws
Executive
Judicial
Executes Laws
Interprets
Laws
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43.
YES!
means to approve by vote.
Great. Now
that the
we have
all signed
Sweet!
Now
Constitution
the Constitution, will the states vote
is RATIFIED!
for it?
YES!
YES! YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!
YES
YES!
YES!
!
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44. Amend
I can amend
means to
the
change. As
Amendments
!
in amend the
Constitution
so it works
better.
Amendment
= change to
the
Constitution
3/4
2/3
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45. The Bill of Rights - 1st ten amendments to the Constitution -designed to protect our individual liberties.
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46.
The First Amendment
• Protects the freedoms
of…
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47. The 2nd Amen
– “A well regulated
Militia being necessary
I have the right to
arms!
to the securitybear
of a
freeGrrrr!
State, the right of the
people to keep and bear
Arms, shall not be
infringed.”
I sure wish I
had a gun!
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48. The 2nd Amendment – “A well regulated
Militia being necessary to the security of a free
State, the right of the people to keep and bear
Arms, shall not be infringed.”
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49. The 3rd Amendment - "No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered
in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but
in a manner to be prescribed by law."
This
place
looks
great!!
I think
I’ll
move
in.
3rd Amendment
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50. Due process – how laws are enforced fairly…
For example…
4th Amendment - no illegal search or seizure.
5th Amendment - no self-incrimination, no double jeopardy, and
no loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
6th Amendment - the right to a speedy trial, a lawyer, to cross examine
witnesses, and the right to force witnesses at a trial to testify.
7th Amendment - the right to a jury trial in civil suits.
8th Amendment - “Excessive bail shall not be required,
nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual
punishments inflicted.”
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51. The 9th
Amendment WOW!! You mean I
“The
enumeration
get even more rights
than what is in the in the Constitution,
Bill of Rights?!?!?
of certain rights,
That Flippin’ Rocks!!
shall not be
construed to deny
or disparage
others retained by
the people.”
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52. The 10th Amendment – “The powers not delegated to the
United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the
States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the
people.” Meaning…
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53. 13th Amendment “Slavery …shall (not) exist
within the United States..”
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54. The 14th Amendment – Defined the right of
citizenship & ended the 3/5 compromise.
Section 1. “All persons…are citizens of the United States...
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge
the privileges or immunities of citizens… nor… deprive any
person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of
law; nor deny… the equal protection of the laws.”
Section 2. “Representatives shall be apportioned among
the several States according to their respective numbers,
counting the whole number of persons in each State,
excluding Indians not taxed…”
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55. The 15th Amendment – “The right of citizens of
the United States to vote shall not be denied or
abridged … on account of race”
Sadly, many southern states would find ways to
prevent African- Americans from voting.
I’m free, I
have the
rights of all
citizens
(14th
amend),
and I get to
vote?
YAY!!
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56. The 19th Amendment – “The right of citizens
of the United States to vote shall not be denied
1920 … on account of sex.”
1920
Hey Susan
B. Anthony,
I am
suffering
‘cause I
can’t vote.
Suffrage
will cure
your
suffering,
Elizabeth
Cady
Stanton!
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57.
the practice of
having the
authority to
make
decisions for
oneself.
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58. Federalists were supporters of the Constitution who
favored a strong national government.
This rocks!
Now we have a
strong national
government!
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are
Publius!
We are
Publius!
We We
are
Publius!
59. The Federalist
Papers - a series of
essays written by
James Madison,
John Jay, and
Alexander Hamilton
defending the
Constitution and the
principles on which
the government of
the United States
was founded.
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60. Anti-federalists were people opposed to the
Constitution, preferring more power be given to
the state governments than to the national
government.
Who gives you the
Hi
right to speak “We
the People” you
power monger!
Hi
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61. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence,
became the 3rd President of the United States and purchased
the Louisiana territory, doubling the size of the United States.
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62. George Washington’s Farewell Address advised the United
States to stay “neutral in its relations with other nations” and to
avoid “entangling alliances”.
The great rule of conduct for us in regard to
foreign nations is in extending our commercial
relations, to have with them as little political
connection as possible....It is our true policy
to steer clear of permanent alliances
with any portion of the foreign world....
- George Washington’s Farewell Address
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63. Free Enterprise is an economic system where
citizens are free to choose how to make a living
with limited government involvement!
So
thirsty…
What to
choose?
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64.
vs.
was the 1803 Court decision that
gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review - the
right to determine whether a law violates the Constitution.
I guess we
will decide
this on the
court!
Yo, dawg! You can’t
stop me from becoming
a judge!
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65. Industrial Revolution: industry changed from the
production of goods at home (cottage industry) to
factory production using powered machinery.
Boot Mill, Lowell Mass.
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66. Robert Fulton’s
steamboat
improved
transportation of
goods and people
during the
Industrial
Revolution.
5 miles an hour!
Wooooooooooooohooooooooooooo!!!!
We’re flyin’ now boys!!
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67. _______ Mills
Inventors: Samuel
Slater and Francis
Lowell
Importance: Led to
large-scale factory
production of cloth
through the use of
power looms.
Provided new job
opportunities for
young women.
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68. ________Parts
Inventor: Eli Whitney
Importance: Allowed
factories to make
products faster &
cheaper. Parts
could be replaced
easily if broken.
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69. _________- 1793
Inventor: Eli Whitney
Importance: Allowed for
fast separation of
seeds from cotton,
greatly increasing
profitability of cotton.
This made the use of
slavery on plantations
essential to cotton
farmers in the South.
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70. James Monroe: 5th President & author of the Monroe
Doctrine, which shut down the western hemisphere to
But I
European expansion or interference.
was
prez, so
the
credit
go to
me!
I wrote it
‘cause I’m
smrt.
John
Quincy
Adams Sec.
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Your Bank bill bites,
71.
Congress! Now you
must get vetoed and
thumped by Old
Hickory!
Insult my beloved Rachel and I’ll
Andrew Jackson
thump your skull. I will hold the
was
a self-Union
together, so shut your trap &
pay the tariff SC!
made man &
founder of the
modern
Democratic Party.
He was
responsible for the
Trail of Tears and
he supported the
Union during the
Nullification Crisis
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72. Trail of Tears
forced the Indians in the southeastern
U.S. to move west of the Mississippi River.
The
United
States
Cherokee
Choctaw
Chickasaw
Creek
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73. Nullification is the idea of a state declaring a federal
law unconstitutional or not in force in that state.
Webster:
“Liberty and Union, now and
forever, one and inseparable.”
Jackson:
“Our Federal Union—it must be
preserved.”
Calhoun:
“The Union, next to our
liberty, most dear.”
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74. Daniel Webster - a Massachusetts Congressman and
Senator who spoke for the North and the preservation of the
Union. “Liberty and Union, now and
forever, one and inseparable.”
Look
into my
eyes
and
repeat
after
me…
Union,
Union,
Union
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75. John C. Calhoun was a South Carolina Congressman and
Senator who spoke for the South before and during the Civil
War.
“The Union,
next to our
liberty,
most dear”
Punk
!!
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76. Henry Clay was a powerful Kentucky Congressman and
Senator who proposed the American System and the
Compromise of 1850. Known as the Great Compromiser
Union
…
Union
…
Union
…
Can’t we
all just
get
along?
States
– Or I
will
PUNK
you!
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77. Manifest Destiny is the belief that the United
States should own all of the land between the
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. “American Progress” by John
Gast, 1872
 ".... the right of our manifest destiny
to over spread and to possess the
whole of the continent … It is right
such as that of the tree to the space of
air .”
John O Sullivan 1845
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78. ________
Expansion
*Settlers went to
Oregon on the
Oregon Trail.
*Mormons went to Utah
on the Mormon Trail.
*49’ers went to
California on the
California and the
Spanish Trails.
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79. Reform movements like :
Public education promotes knowledge and skills that
Public_________
open the doors to opportunity.
“Education, then, beyond
all other devices of human
origin, is the great equalizer
of the conditions of men…”
Horace Mann, 1848
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80. ____________________organized the Seneca Falls
Convention, creating the Women’s
Women’s ______Movement
Rights Movement in the
United States.
Ain’t I a
woman?
Sojourner Truth
Women join the
abolitionist
Movement.
Women are
prevented from
Speaking publicly at
Abolitionist meetings.
Women’s
Rights
Movement
?
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81. The____________Movement
Temperance Movement was a campaign
against the sale or drinking of alcohol.
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82. An abolitionist was a person who wanted to end
slavery in the United States. Abolish - to get rid of.
Harriet Tubman helped over 300
slaves to freedom in the North
through the Underground Railroad.
William Lloyd Garrison
Outspoken white
abolitionist
Founded The Liberator, an
anti-slavery magazine, in
1831.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
83. The Compromise of 1850 would try to solve the divisions
between free and slave states or territories.
The Fugitive Slave Act would upset Northerners.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
84. Sectionalism is
a strong sense of
loyalty to a state
or section instead
of to the whole
country.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
- Frederick Douglass, speaking at a 4th of July
celebration in 1852
“The blessings in which you, this day, rejoice, are
not enjoyed in common….This Fourth of July is
yours not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn.”
85. Frederick Douglass
was a former slave who
became a well-known
abolitionist in the country.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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86. Uncle Tom’s Cabin,
an Anti-slavery novel
written by Harriet
Beecher Stowe,
created widespread
abolitionist support
among Northerners.
I’m the little lady
who helped
started the great
big war! Tee-hee!
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
Taney & the Supreme
Court are racial jerks! I
have been wronged!
87. Dred Scott v. Sanford -1857
was the Supreme Court decision
that said slaves were property
and not citizens and thus can’t
sue in court. It would find the
Missouri Compromise of 1820 to
be unconstitutional and
aggravate sectional tensions
between North and South.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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Grab a gun and free
yourself!!!
I’ll be a hero
to abolitionists
everywhere!!
88. In 1859 John Brown,
An abolitionist who
believed armed
resistance to slavery
was necessary, seized a
federal arsenal in
Harper’s Ferry, Virginia,
in an attempt to begin a
slave rebellion. He was
captured and later
executed.
John Brown – Villain or Hero?
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
89. Jefferson Davis was the
President of the Confederacy
during the Civil War.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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90. Abraham Lincoln- 16th President of the
United States (Union);
served during the Civil
War
Has anyone seen
Thanks. hat?
my stovepipe
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
91. Ulysses S. Grant was the
General of the Union Army and
accepted Lee’s surrender at
Appomattox Court House,
ending the Civil War.
“No other terms than
unconditional and immediate
surrender. I propose to move
immediately upon your works.”
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
Whiskey - I like it, I always
did, and that is the reason I
never use it.
92. Robert E. Lee was the
General of the Confederate
Army. His defeat at
Gettysburg would be a
turning point in the Civil War
Never do a
wrong thing
to make a
friend or
keep one.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
93. The first shots of the Civil War were fired at
Fort Sumter - Charleston, South Carolina.
Edmund Ruffin
Robert
Anderson
Pierre
Teutante
Beauregard
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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94. The Battle of Gettysburg, July1-3,1863, was the
turning point in the Civil War where Lee’s army is
defeated.
Hey, baby.
Wanna check out
my severed leg?
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
95. The
____________speech given by
Lincoln
dedicating a
cemetery for
soldiers who died
at the Battle of
Gettysburg. It is
considered to be
a profound
statement of
American ideals.
3 Confed. prisoners at Gettysburg
96. The____________________
“…that these dead shall not have died in
vain; that this nation, under God,
shall have a new birth of freedom;
and the government of the people,
by the people,
for the people
shall not perish from the earth!”
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
97. The capture of
Vicksburg on the
the Mississippi
River by the
North in 1863,
was important
because it gave
the Union Army
control of the
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
98. Appomattox Court House, Virginia is where Robert E. Lee
surrendered the Confederate Army to Ulysses S. Grant, ending
the Civil War.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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99. Abraham Lincoln issued the
Emancipation Proclamation on
January 1, 1863, setting all slaves
in the Confederate states free.
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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100. _____________________stated
that, “no state…can lawfully get out
of the Union”, but pledged there
would be no war unless the South
started it.
“no State upon its own mere
motion can lawfully get out of
the Union; that resolves and
ordinances to that effect are
legally void…
I therefore consider that in
view of the Constitution and
the laws the Union is
unbroken”
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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101. _____________________was
meant to help heal and restore
the country after four years of
Civil War. It stated the South
should be treated fairly.
“With malice [hatred] toward none,
with charity for all,…let us strive
on to…bind up the nation’s
wounds, to care for him who shall
have borne the battle and…to do
all which may achieve and cherish
a just and lasting peace among
ourselves…”
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
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102. _____________are the original records of
an event. They include eyewitness reports,
records created at the time of an event,
speeches, and letters by people involved in the
event, photographs and artifacts.
__________________are the later writings and
interpretations of historians and writers. Often
secondary sources, like textbooks and articles,
provide summaries of information found in
primary sources.
History
Rocks!!!
Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
“It’s cooler than ICE!”
91. Ulysses S. Grant was the
General of the Union Army and
accepted Lee’s surrender at
Appomattox Court House,
ending the Civil War.
“No other terms than
unconditional and immediate
surrender. I propose to move
immediately upon your works.”