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Reconstruction
Goal 3 Final PowerPoint
Reconstruction Focus Questions
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What group made up the majority of Southern
Republicans?
Name five (5) ways the lives of Southern African
Americans changed during reconstruction.
What is meant by the phrase “40 acres and a
mule”?
What were the goals of the KKK?
What were the failures of Reconstruction?
What were the successes of Reconstruction?
Important Vocabulary for Reconstruction
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Thirteenth Amendment
Andrew Johnson
Reconstruction
Radical Republicans
Freedman’s Bureau
Black codes
Fourteenth Amendment
Fifteenth Amendment
Scalawags
Carpetbaggers
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Hiram Revels
Sharecropping
Tenant Farming
Ku Klux Klan
Redemption
Rutherford B. Hayes
Compromise of 1877
Lincoln’s Assassination
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Five days after the Civil War ended, Lincoln was
assassinated while watching a play at Ford’s
Theater in Washington, DC.
His assassin was John Wilkes Booth, an actor and
Southern sympathizer.
Booth escaped and was found days later in a barn.
Lincoln was the first president to be assassinated.
Vice President Andrew Johnson became
President.
Reconstruction
 Reconstruction
was the time period after
the Civil War in which the nation was
rebuilt, especially the South
 The South was physically, economically,
and politically destroyed.
 What would all of these freed slaves do?
Radical Republicans
During Reconstruction, a group called the
Radical Republicans controlled Congress.
Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner led this
group.
 They wanted to destroy the power of former
slaveholders.
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They wanted African Americans to have full
citizenship, including suffrage (the right to vote).
th
13
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Amendment
Outlawed slavery in America
Many former slaves were reunited with their families.
Many became sharecroppers or tenant farmers.
Sharecroppers: farmers who worked someone else’s
land & gave at least ½ of the profit to the landowner at
harvest time .
People in the North called sharecropping the
“continuation of slavery”.
Tenant Farmers: Rented the land and kept the profit
from the harvest.
Reconstruction Plans
Reconstruction Plan
Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
Johnson’s Reconstruction
Plan
Reconstruction Act of 1867
(Congressional
Reconstruction)
Describe the Plan
How to implement Reconstruction?
 Different
groups had different ideas
on how to rebuild.
 Was the Executive Branch or the
Legislative Branch in charge of
Reconstruction?
Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
Reconstruction
Plan
Lincoln’s Ten
Percent Plan
Describe the Plan
The government would pardon all
confederates who swore allegiance to the
Union, except high ranking officials
 After 10% of those who voted in 1860 took
the oath & wrote a Constitution, they could
form a new state government and gain
representation in Congress
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Johnson’s Plan (Presidential
Reconstruction)
Reconstruction
Plan
Johnson’s Plan
(Presidential
Reconstruction)
Describe the Plan
Each confederate state could be
readmitted to the Union if it would
meet several conditions
 Each would have to withdraw its
secession, swear allegiance to the
Union, annul Confederate war debts,
and ratify the 13th Amendment.

Reconstruction Act of 1867
(Congressional Reconstruction)
Reconstruction
Plan
Reconstruction
Act of 1867
(Congressional
Reconstruction)
Describe the Plan
Divided the confederate states into 5 military
districts, each headed by a Union general.
 The voters in the districts (including blacks)
would elect delegates to conventions in which new
state constitutions would be drafted
 In order to reenter the Union, state constitutions
had to ensure that black men could vote & the state
had to ratify the 14th Amendment
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Freedmen’s Bureau
During Reconstruction, Congress approved
the passage of the Freedmen’s Bureau.
 It assisted former slaves and poor Southern
whites by distributing food and clothes, and
establishing hospitals, teacher training
programs, schools, and industrial institutions.
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Carpetbaggers
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Carpetbaggers were Northerners who came to
the South during Reconstruction to take
advantage of the turmoil in the South
Many came for humanitarian reasons, like to be
teachers or work for the Freedmen’s Bureau
Some came to start businesses and take
advantage of Southern poverty
Scalawags
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Scalawags were Southerners who became
members of the Republican party
Southerners were Democrats during the Civil
War
To become a member of the Republican party
meant you were a traitor
Important Reconstruction Legislation
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Civil Rights Act of 1866- gave African Americans
citizenship and forbade states from passing
discriminatory laws (called black codes)
14th Amendment- made all people born or naturalized
in the U.S. citizens. Also gave citizens equal
protection under the law
15th Amendment- no one could be denied the right to
vote because of race, color or previous condition of
servitude
Conflict between the President
and Congress
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With the passage of the Reconstruction Act of 1867,
Congress was in charge of implementing Reconstruction.
Andrew Johnson did not agree that Congress should be in
charge.
Johnson fired the Secretary of War, who was a Radical
Republican.
This violated the Tenure in Office Act, which limited the
power of the President to hire & fire government officials.
(Loophole: Lincoln had appointed the Sec. of War).
Johnson Impeached
Led by Radical Republican,
Thaddeus Steven,
Congress voted to
impeach Johnson.
 He was found not guilt by
one vote.
 Johnson did not run for reelection.
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Ulysses S. Grant becomes
President
Former Union General,
Ulysses S. Grant, was
elected President of the
United States.
 He was a good general, but
not a good politician.
 His administration was
plagued with corruption.
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Democrats Come to
Power
 With
the efforts of the KKK, the
Democrats came to power again in the
South.
 This time period is known as
“redemption”.
 Democrats controlled the state
governments in the South .
 They also gained power in Congress.
Compromise of 1877
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The Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction.
In the election of 1876, Republican Rutherford B.
Hayes was elected President by one electoral vote.
Instead of the Democrats making a big issue out of
the election results, they made a deal with the
Republicans.
The Democrats would allow Hayes to stay President,
if the Republicans would pull the military out of the
South.
Rutherford
B. Hayes
What group made up the majority of
Southern Republicans?
African
American
men who
could vote
for the first
time
Name five (5) ways the lives of
Southern African Americans changed
during reconstruction.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Searched for loved ones
Went to school
Able to hold paying jobs
Established churches
Could travel freely
They could run for political office & vote
Hiram Revels,
1st African
American
Senator
What is meant by the phrase “40
acres and a mule”?
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General Sherman promised freed slaves who
followed his army 40 acres per family and
use of an army mule
Some actually received this as payment
Today, this has come to imply that African
Americans deserve payment (reparations)
for the work their ancestors did for this
country as slaves
What were the goals of the KKK?
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To restore white
supremacy
To prohibit African
Americans from exercising
their rights as citizens *
To terrorize those who
wanted progress for
African Americans
What were the failures of
Reconstruction?
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Discrimination and racist attitudes
still existed
Jim Crow laws established
(segregation laws; laws that
separated the races)
Examples: literacy tests, poll taxes,
Grandfather clause
What were the successes of
Reconstruction?
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The 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments gave
rights to African Americans
African Americans established
churches, schools, and civic
organizations
Thanks to Ms. Shannon Brayboy for
allowing the use of her slides in this
PowerPoint.