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The role of allelopathy in hostvirus relations G.Kazinczi1, J.Horvath2, A.Takacs1, I.Béres2, R.Gáborjányi2, M.Nádasy2 1Office for Academy Research Groups Attached to Universities and Other Institutions, University of Veszprém, Georgikon Faculty of Agricultural Sciences 2University of Veszprém, Georgikon Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Allelopathy (Molish 1937) • A type of interference among higher plants, where products of secondary metabolism inhibit (less promote) the development of neighbourhood plant • Earlier only plant-plant, today plantmicroorganism interactions • It is considered as a new alternative way for biological control Plant viruses make up about 15-30% out of the whole plant diseases Virus particles create close biologial unit with the plant cell Chemical plant protection against viruses is unsuccesfull in vivo Some natural substances are known to inhibit replication and cell- to cell movement of viruses and reduce virus concentration Mode of action • It is not yet known exactly, but it can be presumed that natural inhibitors may modify special receptor places on the plant cell surface, therefore adhesion of virus particles can not be happened The aim of the study • To examine the effect of allelopathic weed extracts on some host-virus relations MATERIALS AND METHODS DONOR SPECIES Cirsium arvense Asclepias syriaca Abutilon theophrasti Convolvulus arvensis Fresh plant parts were collected and grinding Chelidonium majus • Plant water extracts were made using 25 g fress biomass/100 ml distilled water • Extracts were used to spray daily test plants from their 2-4 leaf stages until the end of experiments Host-virus relations (recipient species) Chenopodium amaranticolor-Alfalfa mosaic virus Chenopodium quinoa-Sowbane mosaic virus Cucumis sativus’Delicatesse’ -Zucchini yellow mosaic virus Solanum nigrumObuda pepper virus • Virus infection (DAS ELISA) From the extinction values we can conclude from the virus concentration; samples are considered resistant to virus infection: if extinction values do not exceed two times those of the negative control • Fresh weight (five weeks after inoculations) RESULTS 2,5 a b c d LSD5% A Extinction values 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 C.amaranticolorAMV C.quinoa-SoMV C.sativus-ZYMV S.nigrum-ObPV The effect of C. majus extracts on the virus concentration in test plants (a, C. majus root extract; b, C. majus shoot extract; c, positive control; d, negative control) Slight, significant reduction in AMV concentration due to C. majus root extract Enhanced virus concentration in S. nigrum No difference in virus concentration in C. quinoa and C. sativus 40 35 30 g/plant 25 20 15 10 5 0 C.amaranticolor-AMV C.quinoa-SoMV C.sativus-ZYMV S.nigrum-ObPV The effect of C. majus extracts on the fresh weight of test plants (a, C. majus root extract; b, C. majus shoot extract; c, positive control; d, negative control) 1st column, C. majus root extract; 2nd, C. majus shoot extract; 3rd, positive control; 4th, LSD5%) 0,8 Extinction values 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 LSD5% The effect of water extract on the ObPV concentration in S. nigrum (1, A. syriaca root; 2, A. syriaca shoot; 3, C. arvense shoot; 4, C. arvensis shoot; 5, A. theophrasti shoot; 6, positive control; 7, negative control) 18 16 14 g/plant 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 LSD5% The effect of water extracts on the fresh weight of S. nigrum 1, A. syriaca root; 2, A. syriaca shoot; 3, C. arvense shoot; 4, C. arvensis shoot; 5, A. theophrasti shoot; 6, positive control Conclusions • Sprayed plant extracts did not inhibit virus infection • Allelopathic plant extracts have different effect on the development and virus concentration in hosts • One exception was in case of C. majus root extracts, which reduced significantly not only AMV concentration but also fresh weight of C. amaranticolor • It seems that there is no relation between allelopathic inhibitory effect of weeds on the development of test plants and virus inhibitory effect in the hosts Thank you for the attention!