Download Sensory, Physical, & Medical Disabilities

Sensory, Physical,
& Medical
Disabilities
EXC 7770
Dr. Susan Brown
Kennesaw State University
Limitations
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adaptive devices
attendance
fatigue
functional limitations
medication/treatment
effects
pain
Sensory Impairments
Hearing Impairment
Visual Impairment
Hearing Impairment
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Prelingual deafness
 onset before language development
Postlingual deafness
 onset after language development
Conductive loss
 air or bone conduction disruption
Sensory loss
 interference in inner ear or neural pathways
Cochlea
 primary organ of hearing
 connects inner ear pathways to brain pathways
Levels of hearing loss

Hard of hearing


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35-70 decibel loss
Educationally - can
learn language
through hearing
Deaf


greater than 70
decibel loss
Educationally cannot learn
language through
hearing
Visual Impairment

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Visual functioning
 use of residual vision
Low vision
 significant visual impairment but
usable vision
Partially sighted
 20/70 - 20/200 vision
 Educationally - requires large
print
Visual Impairments

Blind
 20/200 or less
vision
 20 degrees or
less field of
vision
 Educationally
- requires
Braille
Developmental maturation
Cephalo-caudal (head to tail)
 Proximal-to-distal (central to peripheral)
 Gross-to-fine
 Physiological flexion (general bending at
joints) to antigravity control
 Stability to mobility to skilled movement
(Heller, Alberto, Forney & Schwartzman, 1996)

Physical Impairments

Muscular

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Muscular dystrophy
Muscular sclerosis
Skeletal

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
Arthritis
Osteogenesis
Scoliosis
Health Impairments
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Abuse
Aids
Allergies
Asthma
Cancer
•Cystic Fibrosis
•Diabetes
•Hemophilia
•Hepatitis
•Sickle Cell
Anemia
Congenital and Acquired
Impairments
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Amputation/missing
limbs
Eating disorders
Heart disorder
Respiratory
disorders
Neurological
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Seizures
Spina Bifida
Traumatic
Brain Injury