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Optical Noise-Free Microphone (ONFM) Prof. Mordechai Segev, Technion Prof. Israel Cohen, Technion Eng. Zvika Katz Dr. Rami Aharoni Ofer Pillar . 1 Overview Optical microphone that filters out background noise Small standoff implementation: mobile communication headsets professional applications Large standoff implementation: directional hearing aids non-contact medical monitoring . 2 ONFM Technology A high-sensitivity, optical sensor for acoustic vibrations in the body, with background isolation Thus far focused on small standoff applications in the mobile communication markets: Blue-tooth head-sets, and cellular phones As well as high performance audio headsets . 3 Value Proposition Consumer: Speaking over mobile/ VoIP w/o background interference, and w/o disclosing location: Be heard clearly in a noisy environment (outdoor, in a car, on the shop floor) Conference calls that do not require muting Working from home with children playing in background Safe usage of a street café as an office Improved voice recognition functions . 4 Value Proposition Professional: User can speak in a noisy environment without interference [“No boom Headset”]: Broadcasters on streets or in noisy sport events Heavy equipment operators Call service centers Aviation Factory floor Homeland security Military . 5 ONFM Concept . 6 ONFM – Performance The optical sensor provides high background suppression (potentially >70dB, demonstrated >50dB) Achieves high sensitivity (<<1nm); detects voice at different locations on head Complement high-frequency components by either Spectral augmentation – synthesizing hi-freq components from pre-recorded sound library Signal fusion with standard microphone . 7 Standard Set Blue-tooth Headset Eliminates monotonous, intermittent and Voice abrupt noise . “Beep” ONFM H. Clap 8 ONFM – Prelim Demo Hand-clapping: fused sensor algo. essentially removes noise. Further development to enhance performance and evaluate spectral augmentation 2/4/08 Output Input . 9 Accomplishments Small standoff ONFM concept demonstrated Demo of high-fidelity, high-suppression of intermittent wideband noise Construction of small devices Demo loose physical contact Potentially compact, low cost, low power . 10 Patents Three patent applications Basic concept – favorable PCT search report, national phase Low-cost, small standoff device [IL, PCT] High performance large standoff device [IL, PCT] Additional patents in preparation Large standoff, speckle corrected device . 11 Potential Markets High end Mobile phones Headsets: mobile (or land line) phones (Bluetooth), VoIP, Gaming Professional microphones: News Reporters, Sport commentary Professional noise canceling headsets, Call centers, aviation, factory floor Video Conferencing . 12 Other Potential Markets – large standoff Directional hearing aids (allows hearing-aid users to discriminate between the voice of the person speaking to them and background conversations in a crowd) Distant mics for Security camera’s . 13 Summary Revolutionary opto-acoustic technology Huge market potential Demonstrated feasibility of concept Technology suitable for mobile headsets and additional products for directional hearing aids and security applications 22/3/08 . 14 Complex Nonlinear Opto-Fluidity Carmel Rotschild, and M. Segev Physics Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel D. N. Christodoulides College of Optics & Photonics-CREOL, University of Central Florida To be Submitted to Nature Current opto-fluid technology microchip, which can continuously monitor sugar level of diabetes patients Light MicroCHIPS: micro-reservoirs which can be loaded with medication, implanted in the patient's body and administering the medication in a timed manner Opto-fluidity state of the art D. Psaltis, S. R. Quake & C.Yang, NATURE, 442, 27 2006 Physical mechanism Light Optical force bend light Induced polarizability Distribute Dn Gradient force Distribute particles Low index Highly transparent Liquid Drag transfer momentum from particles to fluid High index Highly transparent Nano-Particles Motivation: Use light to control mechanical properties of fluids How? transfer momentum from light to fluid Absorption : Limits light propagation + thermal effect p Eo Gradient Force a 3n12 m 1 m2 2 2 1 j t E r , t Ar e c.c 2 is the polarizability n2 n p m n1 nb We have found a way to induce : strong force, and low mobility of particles, resulting High momentum transfer to liquid F I 4 Physical processes Electromagnetic gradient force Force per particle F 4 I Force per volume FN 4 I N: particles density Overview: Opto-Hydrostatics Light Optical force bend light Induced polarizability Distribute Dn Gradient force Particles Four-wave mixing in artificial Kerr Media P.W. Smith, A.Ashkin, and W.J. Tomlinson, Opt. Lett. , 6, 284 (1981) Self focusing in artificial Kerr media A.Ashkin, J.M. Dziedzic, and P.W. Smith, Opt. Lett. , 7, 276 (1982) Physical mechanism Light Optical force bend light Induced polarizability Distribute Dn Gradient force Distribute particles Low index Highly transparent Liquid Drag transfer momentum from particles to fluid High index Highly transparent Nano-Particles We have found a way to induce : strong optical force, and large drag of particles, resulting efficient momentum transfer to liquid Quantum dots with ligands = “nano – medusa” structure Advantages: High index contrast Small core: Low scattering Long ligands: Low mobility (high drag) Transfer angular momentum from the light to the liquid and back Archimedes Pump: pulling liquid by light Pipette diameter: 0.7 mm Archimedes Pump: Lifting liquid by light Intensity structure design for lifting Optically induced surface tension Low power cos h gr h : height : surface tension : density g : gravity : contact angle High power Low power High power Light / surface interaction mm from Threshold distance Suggesting chaos: Spectrum expands in time Future plans •Methodological experiments on -Optically induced surface tension (Hydrostatic) -Optically induced Dn (Hydrostatics) -Material optimization •Theoretical model •Optically induced self assembly •Optical control over local chemical reactions •Turbulence / Laminar transient coupled •Optically induced transparency to nonlinear optics Optically induced catalysis A Functionalized CdSe Quantum Dot - Carbon Nanotube Heterostructure Stanislaus S. Wong Optically controlled self-assembly Optical setup 2D 3D Spatial intensity distribution Self-assembly Optically induced transparency Polystyrene nano-suspensions 0.532 mm , f 3.5 104 Air bubbles nano-suspensions 0.532 mm , f 103 mm losses =20% High power mm Propagation distance in mm Low power a 50 nm , n p 1 , nb 1.33 Propagation distance in mm losses=13% Propagation distance in mm Propagation distance in mm a 50 nm , n p 1.56 , nb 1.33 losses=97% Low power mm losses =20% High power mm R. El-Ganainy, C. Rotschild, M. Segev, and D. N. Christodoulides, Optics Express, 15, 10207(2007) ; Ibid, Opt. Lett., 32, 3185 (2007). Conclusions First observation of symbiotic nonlinear dynamics of fluids and light acting together: complex nonlinear Opto-fluidity. Challenges: •Theoretical model •Sub-wavelength features •Optically induced self assembly •Optical control over local chemical reactions •Turbulence / Laminar transient coupled to nonlinear optics Thank you