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THE US ENTERS THE WAR ! PG- 28 1940 ELECTION- FDR VS. WILKIE WASHINGTON WOULDN’T, GRANT COULDN’T, FDR SHOULDN’T! BETTER A THIRD TERM THAN A THIRD RATE! DON’T CHANGE HORSES IN MIDSTREAM QUIETLY PREPARE-LEARN FROM WILSON • BUILD UP OCEAN NAVY • DRAFT • SECRET OPERATIONS I. U.S. Prepares for War 1. ”Cash and Carry “ policy begins to allow warring nations to buy US arms, as long as they paid cash & transported them in their own ships 2. Axis Powers formed J/G/I 3. Selective Service begins draft process (in case of a 2 front war) -*Roosevelt seeks third term & wins 4.Lend-Lease policy begun to help supply allies-Arsenal of Democracy GB had NO money 5. Atlantic Charter signed between U.S. and Britain becomes basis for United Nations *resembles 14 points of Wilson *****Hitler’s Mistake*** -Battle of Britain has stalled -June 1941 Germany attacks Russia -early success but then stalemate -Russian winter sets in and halts advance -Now war is on two fronts ***MEANWHILE…JAPAN HAS BEEN CUT OFF OF OIL. • CHOICE A- PULL OUT OF CHINA • CHOICE B-ATTACK MIDDLE EAST • CHOICE C-ATTACK U.S. FIRST II. U.S. enters the War 1. U.S. has embargo on Japan for actions of Aggression in the Pacific (J hoped to unit all of East Asia) Japan could not live w/o Oil.*Defeating J w/o firing a shot *. U.S. had warning of a possible Japanese attack somewhere 2. Early Dec. 7th, 1941 Pearl Harbor Hawaii is attacked “day that will live in infamy” 3. U.S. declares war on Japan and then Germany, Italy declare war on U.S. *For 1 ½ hrs, J was barely disturbed by US Guns *Killed 2,400 Americans *wounded 1,178 *Sunk/Damaged 21 HUGE Battleships *Destroyed 300 Aircrafts *More Damaged combined than all WW • 19 SHIPS • 188 PLANES • 2,400 AMERICANS WHERE TO GO FIRST? • WHY EUROPE? • EISENHOWER • DEFENSIVE FIGHTING IN PACIFIC • MACARTHUR III. Americans in the Service 1. millions volunteered and millions more were drafted: Selective Service System Expanded -GI’s (GOVERNMENT ISSUED) went to basic training for 8 weeks 2. Women’s Auxiliary Corps thousands volunteered- served in Nonbattle/Non Combat positions 3. Minorities served in segregated unitsnot allowed combative roles until last year of the war Tuskegee Airmen 1st all AA Air force, Africa CONCLUSION THEY BECAME ONE OF THE MOST HIGHLY RESPECTED FIGHTER GROUPS OF WORLD WAR II. THEY PROVED TO OTHERS THEY COULD FLY AND MAINTAIN SOPHISTICATED COMBAT AIRCRAFT. THEIR ACCOMPLISHMENTS BECAME THE CATALYSTS FOR FULL INTEGRATION OF AFRICAN AMERICANS IN THE U.S. MILITARY. IV. Life on the Home Front = Production Miracle 1. War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials ex: automobile plants retooled to produce tanks/planes *WWII brought the US out of the Great Depression! IV. Life on the Home Front 2. Scientists are mobilized: to bring into the war effort radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) : intensive program to build an atomic bomb in shorter than 3 yrs *Albert Einstein warned against it 3. women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” icon for women in the workforcepropaganda -Entertainment propaganda -newsreels Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda Life on the Home Front -War Production Board industries were retooled to make war materials -Scientists are mobilized radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) -women stepped into many war materials jobs “Rosie the Riveter” -Entertainment propaganda: Hollywood churned out War propaganda films V. Government Control 1. many products rationed to conserve resources :Coupon books to be used for buying rationed items- meat, shoes, coffee gasoline 2. income taxes increased 3. War Bonds sold –loaning the Gov’t $ 4. Japanese Internment Korematsu v. United States discriminatory policy??? Government Control -Inflation controlled by price freezes -many products rationed to conserve resources -income taxes increased -War Bonds sold -Japanese Internment Korematsu v. United States discriminatory policy??? Government Control -Inflation controlled by price freezes -many products rationed to conserve resources -income taxes increased -War Bonds sold -Japanese Internment Korematsu v. United States discriminatory policy??? GERMAN HTTP://WWW.SCHOOLTUBE.COM/VIDEO/D 9F27EAB2B9336300895/ HTTP://VIMEO.COM/66309959 HTTP://WWW.MILITARY.COM/VIDEO/OFFDUTY/MOVIES/PEARL-HARBOR-MOVIEATTACK-SCENE-1/1314914661001/ • HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=0HUF68GFGEE • HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=82RTZI5VT7W