Download Elena 548A - Haiku Learning

Elena
548A
Genre: Historical Non-Fiction
 Real characters, events, and settings
combine with non-fictional elements.
 Summary:
 With the Mexican Revolution nearing,
Elena courageously decides to move
her family to safety in the United
States.
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Background
548K
The stories in this theme are about
people from a variety of backgrounds who
are part of America’s past.
This story is about a real Mexican woman
who brings her family to California during
the turbulent years of the Mexican
Revolution.
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Read “A Revolution in Mexico” pg. 548
What are some difficulties a family might
face while fleeing the Mexican Revolution.
 Let’s
Background
548K
discuss these key vocabulary
words.
 dictator
 transformed
 frantic
 notorious
 bandit
 refugee
Vocabulary
 condolences:
549A
Trans 5-25
PB 323
expressions of
sympathy for a death
 dictator: a ruler who has
complete power over a country
 notorious: well known for having
a bad reputation
 rugged: very rough and uneven
Vocabulary
 sombreros:
549A
Spanish hats with
wide brims
 transformed: changed in
appearance
 urgently: in a manner that calls
for immediate action
 wounds: injuries in which the
skin is broken
Vocabulary Link
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haven: a safe place
symbol: something that strands for or
represents something else
opportunities: chances to improve
oneself and be successful
tablet: a slab of stone or clay
tyranny: a government in which one ruler
has total power and often acts unjustly
Phonics/Decoding Skills
 What
549A
are our Phonics/Decoding
skills?
 They are chunking, words we
know, beginning and endings,
affixes, syllables, try
different vowel sounds, base
words or root words, blending,
look carefully,
Phonics/Decoding Skills
 “It’s
549A
not proper for a woman
to travel unprotected like
that,” they said.
 Help me figure out this word
using our Phonics/Decoding
Strategies.
Reading Strategy
549B
Summarize
 As you read, think about the
characters, their problem, and
how they solve it to summarize
the events of the story.
 Remember that a good story
summary contains only the most
important events.
Comprehension Skill
Story Structure
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Trans 5-26
549C
PB 324
As you read Elena, focus on important
story elements such as characters, the
setting, and the plot.
characters: are the people around whom
the story events revolve
setting: is the time and place in which a
story occurs
plot: is the sequence of story events,
which often includes a problem and a
resolution.
Problem Solving and
Decision Making
555
 Define
the problem
 Consider possible solutions
 Examine possible solutions and
decide which one works best
 Choose the best solution
 Carry out the solution
Story Structure
 Characters
559
are the people
around whom the story events
revolve.
 The setting is the time and place
in which a story occurs.
 The plot is the sequence of story
events, which often includes a
problem and a resolution.
Propaganda
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561
Propaganda is information or ideas used
to influence how others think. These
are the ways to influence others.
overgeneralization: Makes general
statements based on only a few
facts.
 testimonial: Uses a celebrity or an
expert to make a statement
supporting a product.
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Propaganda
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561
bandwagon: Persuades consumers to do
something because “everyone else” is
doing it.
transfer: Associates a person with a
product so that consumers will transfer
their admiration for the person to the
product.
faulty cause and effect: Says consumers
will be happier simply as a result of using
the product.
Decoding Longer Words
Changing Final y to i
569E
Papa’s absence filled our house with
emptiness.
 When a word ends in a consonant
followed by a y, the final y changes to
an i before certain endings are added.
 If you remove the ending and see an
unfamiliar word ending in i, you might
recognize it with a y .
 Some endings that can change a y to an
i are –es, -ed, -er, -est, and –ness.
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Decoding Longer Words
Changing Final y to I PB328
569E
We were happier there, because it was
warmer.
 Think aloud to figure out this word.
 Try these words:
 countries
 country
 armies
 army
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Phonics
469F
Initial and Medial Digraphs
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Recognizing the sounds that consonant
digraphs can stand for at the beginning
and in the middle of words can help
decode unfamiliar words.
A consonant digraph is a pair of different
consonants that stand for a single sound.
A consonant digraph can appear at the
beginning, middle, or end of a word.
 ex. ch, sh, th, wh, ph, and gh
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Phonics
469F
Initial and Medial Digraphs
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Mother knelt down and gathered us in
her arms.
Help me decode this word using your
phonics/decoding strategy.
 Help me find the digraphs in these
words:
 whispered
 kitchen
 emphasis
 laughing
Spelling
Changing Final y to i
569G
PB 329
army + es = armies
 spy + ed = spied
 dirty + er = dirtier
 scary + est = scariest
 happy + ness = happiness
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These base words end with a
consonant + y. Whenever you want to
add a suffix, change the y to an i and
add the suffix.
Vocabulary
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569G
PB 330
antonyms
Antonyms means the opposite of.
Tell me the antonyms for these words:
largest
 sorrow
 defeats
 cleaner
 gentlemen
 friends
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Vocabulary Skills
Dictionary: Word Histories PB 332
569I
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village: A small group of dwellings in a
rural area [Lat. Villa, country estate]
Many English words have their origins in
other languages, such as Latin or Greek.
The history of an entry word include where
it came from what its earlier forms meant
The village comes from a Latin word,
villa, meaning “country estate”
 Word histories will help you
recognize word families.
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Grammar Skills
Adverbs Trans 5-28 PB 333
569K
An
adverb is a word that
tells how, when, or where.
Adverbs can describe
verbs.
 Many adverbs end with –ly.
Grammar Skills
Adverbs Trans 5-29 PB 334
 To compare two actions, use –er
with most one-syllable adverbs;
 Use more with adverbs of two or
more syllables.
569K
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To compare three or more actions, use
–est with most one-syllable adverbs;
Use most with adverbs of two or
more syllables
Improving Your Writing
569L PB335
Expanding Sentences with Adverbs
A
good writer expands sentences
with adverbs in order to
describe action more clearly.
 ex. Carlos spotted his aunt in the
crowd and waved to her.
 Improved: Carlos finally spotted
his aunt in the crowd and waved
frantically to her.
Inferences
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Inference
worksheet
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Reading Standard – 2.3
Inference means what
conclusion can you come up
with after reading a
passage.
Use story clues to figure out
something the author
doesn’t tell you.
Read between the lines.
Main Idea
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Main Idea worksheet
Main Idea worksheet
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Reading Standard 2.3
– ALS
Main Ideas – What is
the main point of the
passage or
paragraph.
What is the topic of
the paragraph
Spiral Review
 The
569Q
past tense of regular
verbs is formed by adding –d
or –ed.
 Irregular verbs have special
forms to show past tense.
 A verb phrase is made up of a
main verb and a helping verb.
Spiral Review
569Q
Grammar
 teach: to give instruction
 learn: to receive instruction
 let: to permit
 leave: to go away from, to let
remain
 sit: to rest
 set: to place or put
Spiral Review
 can:
Grammar
569Q
to be able to do
 may: to be allowed
 lie: to rest flat
 lay: to put down
 rise: to get up
 raise: to lift
Spiral Review
Inflected Forms
 jumped
 -ed is an inflected ending, which
changes the form of the word
569R
In the dictionary, words with inflected
endings can be found under the base
word.
 Tell me the base words in these words:
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hops, shortest, surviving, escaped
Spiral Review
569R
Prefixes sub- sur-
We had a surplus of food after our
shopping trip.
 sur- means “over, above, or additional”
 Surplus is an amount above what is
needed.
 The workers dug into the subsoil at the
site.
 sub- means “secondary part, under,
down, or beneath”
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Prefixes
Prefixes are word
parts that are
added to base
words or word roots
that will change
the meaning of the
word.
Spelling Test
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1. liberties
2. victories
3. countries
4. spied
5. enemies
6. armies
7. scariest
8. dirtier
9. happiness
10. abilities
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11. pitied
12. ladies
13. busier
14. duties
15. lilies
16. worthiness
17. tiniest
18. emptiness
19. replies
20. dizziness
Challenge Words
 21.
unified
 22. levied
 23. colonies
 24. loveliest
 25. strategies
Study Guide
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Summarize
Story structure
Decision making
Propaganda
Changing y to I
Final diagraphs
Antonyms
Word histories
Adverbs
Past tense irregular verbs
prefixes