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Name _____________________
Teacher ___________________
Class _____________________
Date ______________________
California High
School Exit Exam
(CAHSEE)
English Language Arts
Note Cards
What is the literal meaning of
each passage? What is the
figurative meaning?
1. The flag fluttered overhead, and the
troops cheered.
2. The school bus drove by, and the mother
clutched her youngest child tightly.
Front 1
1. Literal meaning – The flag fluttered and
the troops cheered.
2. Literal meaning – The bus drove by,
and the mother held her child tightly.
Figurative meaning – The mother does
not want her baby to grow up and leave.
Back 1
Use Context clues to define the
underlined word:
The disconsolate face of each player told
me that this team had lost the game.
Front 2
disconsolate – sad; dejected
Back 2
Say a word that contains each root.
fid = faith
path; pathos = emotions or feelings
dict = to say
Front 3
Sample answers:
confide
sympathy
diction
Back 3
1. What is the denotative meaning of a word?
2. What is the connotative meaning of a word?
3. Give an example of each.
Front 4
1. Denotative meaning is a word’s literal
meaning.
2. Connotative meaning is a word’s implied or
symbolic meaning.
3. Example: Home is a building where a person
lives, and home can refer to any place that
seems safe and welcoming.
Back 4
1. Define compare.
2. Define contrast.
Front 5
1. Compare – to show how object or
ideas are alike
2. Contrast – to show how objects or
ideas are different
Back 5
Tell how each feature can add
meaning to text.
1. Titles and subtitles
2. Photographs and drawings
3. Graphs
Front 6
1. Titles and subtitles call attention to key ideas
and divide reading into chapters or other
sections.
2. Photographs and drawings may show the
content described in the text or provide an
example of the idea discussed in the text.
3. Graphs are a visual representation of
information; they make it easier to compare
data.
Back 6
This graph illustrates the facts in a newspaper article.
Write a negative and a positive headline for the article.
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
East
West
North
20
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
Front 7
Sample Answers
Negative: One in Four Students Not
Involved in School
Positive: 75% of Students Actively
Support Our School
Back 7
1. What does it mean to paraphrase?
2. Paraphrase the following statement
by your mom:
Your bedroom is a mess. You are not
leaving this house until I see a big
improvement in there.
Front 8
1. To paraphrase means to restate
Information in your own words.
2. Example: My mom won’t let me go
anywhere until I clean my messy bedroom.
Back 8
1. What is a conclusion?
2. What conclusion(s) can you draw
from this passage?
The rain poured down. The players and
the coach sat in their dugout, wondering
if this rain would deprive the seniors of
their last chance of revenge.
Front 9
1. A conclusion is a statement that is
based on the information in the reading.
It is a logical summary based on the text.
2. The baseball team is scheduled to play a
team that had beaten them earlier in the
season (or the previous year).
Back 9
Which conclusions(s) are supported by
this text? Explain each.
Serena flipped the page on her calendar and sighed sadly. Her
brother’s wedding was only one month away, and soon she would
have to walk down the aisle in front of everyone in the dreaded
dress.
1. Serena was looking forward to her
brother’s wedding.
2. Serena will be bridesmaid in her brother’s
wedding.
3. The dress is ugly.
Front 10
1. Not supported – She sighed sadly when
thinking about the wedding.
2. Supported – She will walk down the aisle in
front of everyone at her brother's wedding. It is
reasonable to assume that she will be
bridesmaid.
3. Not Supported – There is a problem with the
dress, but the reader is not told the exact
nature of the problem.
Back 10
Wood High School Bands
Woodwinds
Brass
Percussion
Marching
Band
22
31
12
Concert
Band
26
16
7
6
12
2
Pep Band
1. The bands on the table are listed in order. Describe the order.
2. Should the reader assume that the marching band is the best band since it
is listed first?
Front 11
1. The bands are listed from largest to
smallest.
2. No. A misunderstanding of the meaning
of a table can result if the reader does
not take time to see the pattern.
Back 11
1. Define propaganda.
2. What is the purpose of propaganda?
Front 12
1. Propaganda is information that is spread
to support a cause.
2. The purpose of propaganda is to create
an emotional connection between the
message and the reader or listener.
Back 12
Complete the chart to help the mayor prepare each speech.
Speech
Topic
Audience
Construction of
a new senior
citizens’ center
Senior
citizens
Traffic
Safety
Mrs. Holt’s
Third grade
class
Congratulate the
cheerleaders for
winning the state
competition
Pregame
football
crowd
Speech
Length
Level of
Detail
Tone
Front 13
Speech
Topic
Audience
Speech
Length
Level of
Detail
Tone
Construction of
a new senior
citizens’ center
Senior
citizens
Lengthy one hour
Many
details
Upbeat,
Excited
Traffic
Safety
Mrs. Holt’s
Third grade
class
Brief – 10
or 15
minutes
Repetition of 2
or 3 important
rules
Concerned,
No-nonsense
Almost none;
general
congratulations
Enthusiastic
Congratulate the
cheerleaders for
winning the state
competition
Pregame
Very brief–
football crowd one minute
Back 13
1.
What is a source?
2.
Rank these information sources from most to least reliable:
A) An article in a gossip magazine
B) A research study from a major university
C) An article in a weekly news magazine
D) Information said in a joking manner on a comedy show
3.
Is the internet a reliable source of accurate information?
Front 14
1. A source is the origin of data or information.
2. B, C, A, D
3. Internet users must consider the reliability of
each website that they read. The internet is
made up of websites that range from very
accurate to totally false. Consider the source
of internet information to determine reliability.
Back 14
1. What is comedy?
2. What is tragedy?
3. Give an example of tragedy in literature.
Front 15
1. Comedy is literature that aims to amuse
and has a happy ending.
2. Tragedy is literature in which events or
conditions cause the downfall of the main
character (protagonist).
3. Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy.
Back 15
1. What is drama?
2. What is dramatic monologue?
Front 16
1. Drama is writing that is meant to be
preformed by actors; a play.
2. Dramatic monologue is a lyric poem in
which one character reveals his or her
thoughts about an important situation by
speaking them aloud.
Back 16
Identify 5 types of
conflict in literature.
Front 17
Man vs. man
Man vs. nature
Man vs. himself
Man vs. the supernatural
Man vs. society
Back 17
1. What is a main character?
2. What is a subordinate character?
3. What details can an author use to reveal
character?
Front 18
1. A main character is central to and advances
the plot and action of a story.
2. A subordinate character has a limited role in
the plot of a story, few lines and supports the
main character.
3. Name, appearance, actions, speech, thoughts,
and reactions of other characters.
Back 18
What are the different techniques in which
characters reveal traits about themselves
in literature, plays, and poetry?
Front 19
They reveal traits through narration,
dialogue, dramatic monologue, and
soliloquy.
Back 19
Define theme.
List 3 classic themes in literature.
Front 20
• Theme is the literary term for the main
idea of a piece of writing.
• Some classic themes:
coming of age, love, people and nature,
people and society, alienation
Back 20
Define and give an example.
• Foreshadowing
• Flashback
Front 21
• Foreshadowing – the use of hints or clues to
suggest what may happen later in the story.
– Example: As he entered the dark cave, he sensed
that trouble was just around the corner.
• Flashback – the author visits an earlier time to
tell a part of the story
– Example: The Ghost of Christmas Past takes
Ebenezer Scrooge back in time to his childhood in A
Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens.
Back 21
Simile or Metaphor
1.
2.
3.
4.
She was as mad as a hornet.
Her hair was straw.
My love is like a red, red rose.
It hasn’t rained in a month. My yard is
concrete.
Front 22
1.
2.
3.
4.
Simile
Metaphor
Simile
Metaphor
Back 22
Define Symbol and
give an example.
Front 23
• Symbol – a person or object that stands
for something else
– Example: As I looked at my old skateboard, I
sighed and went to work. (The skateboard
represents youth and freedom.)
Back 23
Define irony and
give an example.
Front 24
• Irony – a literary device in which meaning
is contrary to words or actions; there is a
mismatch between appearance and reality
– Example: “It is as hot as an oven in here!” she
said, shivering.
Back 24
1. What is point of view?
2. Describe first-person point of view and
third-person point of view.
Front 25
1. The perspective from which a story is told is
point of view.
2. First person – the narrator experience the
story; the narrator uses the word “I”.
Third Person – the narrator observes the story.
The third person narrator can be:
- Omniscient – know all thoughts and actions
of all characters, or
- Limited – knows the thoughts of only one or
some characters
Back 25
Define each of the following.
1. Aside
2. Character foil
3. Soliloquy
Front 26
1. Aside – a comment made by a stage
performer that is intended to be heard by the
audience but supposedly not by other
characters.
2. Character foil – a secondary character whose
traits contrast and highlight the main
character’s features
3. Soliloquy – a monologue in a drama used to
give the audience information and to develop
the speaker’s character; it is usually delivered
while the speaker is alone on stage.
Back 26
Match the author with his or her
period of American literature.
A)
Realism
B) Colonial Literature
C) Transcendentalism
D) Romanticism
1) Anne Bradstreet
2) Washington Irving
3) Mark Twain
4) Ralph Waldo Emerson
Front 27
A) Realism
(3) Mark Twain
B) Colonial Literature (1) Anne Bradstreet
C) Transcendentalism (4) Ralph Waldo Emerson
D) Romanticism
(2) Washington Irving
Back 27
How do writers support
topic sentences and
develop paragraphs?
Front 28
• Facts
• Examples
• Definitions
• Compare
• Contrast
• Anecdote
Back 28
Discuss the author’s mood, tone and word
choice in this passage from The American
Crisis by Thomas Paine.
“These are the times that try men’s souls: The
summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will in
this crisis, shrink from the services of his
country; but he that stands it NOW, deserves the
love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny,
like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have
this consolation with us, that the harder the
conflict, the more glorious the triumph”
Front 29
Paine’s mood is one of passion as he urges his
fellow Americans to battle tyranny. Paine’s
motivating tone that calls for action is illustrated
by his word choice that includes action verbs,
metaphors and words that evoke strong
feelings (e.g., love, tyranny, hell, glorious).
Back 29
1. What is a thesis statement?
2. Describe a good thesis statement.
Front 30
1. A thesis statement states the main idea
of an essay (subject and opinion).
2. A good thesis statement includes the
essay’s topic and a specific direction for
the paper. It limits the scope of the
essay and provides focus for the author
and reader.
Back 30
1. When is a verb in the active voice?
2. When is it the passive voice?
3. Give and example of the same sentence
in the active voice and in the passive
voice.
Front 31
1. A verb is in the active voice when it expresses
an action performed by its subject.
2. A verb is in the passive voice when the action
it expresses is performed upon its subject.
3. Example:
Active voice: I threw the ball.
Passive voice: The ball was thrown by me.
Back 31
1. Define main idea.
2. What types of supporting evidence can a
writer use to develop a main idea?
Front 32
1. The main idea is the message or the
most important point of a passage. Often
the main idea is stated in the topic
sentence or in the concluding sentence.
2. A writer can use scenarios, commonly
held beliefs, hypotheses, and definitions.
Back 32
Match the type of source with its
definition.
A) almanac
B)
news source
C) speech
D) technical document
1) description of how to do
something.
2) annual reference book with
lists, tables and data
3) information about recent
events
4) public address
Front 33
A) almanac (2) annual reference book with lists, tables
and data
B) news source (3) information about recent events
C) speech (4) public address
D) technical documents (1) description of how to do
something
Back 33
1. What is revision?
2. List revision strategies.
Front 34
1.
Revision is altering and improving the content of an
essay.
2. Revision strategies
1. Organize during prewriting to avoid major revisions.
2. Change or delete sentences that are off topic.
3. Improve word choice.
Back 34
1. What is editing?
2. List editing strategies.
Front 35
1. Editing is altering and improving the
punctuation, spelling, grammar and neatness
of an essay.
2. Editing strategies
1. read the paper aloud to discover errors.
2. check each sentence for completeness and
end punctuation.
3. check legibility of handwriting.
Back 35
What is the purpose of each type of writing?
1. Persuasive
2. Expository
3. Narrative
Front 36
1. Persuasive – to convince the reader
2. Expository – to explain
3. Narrative – to relate an incident; to tell a story
Back 36
1. Define style
2. Give an example of a type of writing style
Front 37
1. Style is a writer’s unique way of telling a story
or informing a reader.
2. Some examples of writing style are flowery,
melodramatic, formal, or blunt.
Back 37
A)
B)
C)
D)
You would like to go see a movie about World
War II. Your parents think it might be too
violent for you to see. Which statements
strengthen your argument?
The movie is rated PG.
All the other kids are going.
My history teacher said that we should all see
it.
It only costs $5.00.
Front 38
A)
Many parents allow high school students to see PG
movies. This statement probably strengthens your
argument.
B) This statement is a bandwagon propaganda technique.
Some parents are impressed, but most are not.
C) The endorsement of a respected person will help your
cause with most parents
D) This statement is not helpful. Your parents are
concerned about the violence, not the cost.
Back 38
1. Define methods of persuasion.
2. List examples of methods of persuasion.
Front 39
1.
Methods of persuasion are techniques that authors
use to convince readers to think, feel, or act in a
certain way.
Logical appeal
2.
•
•
•
3.
State the facts
State the benefits to the audience
State the author’s expertise
Emotional appeal
•
•
•
Connect emotionally with the reader
Give an example from your own life (an anecdote)
Make a comparison that illustrates your point
Back 39
What is the correct
layout and punctuation
of a business letter?
Front 40
Sender’s Address
Date
Receiver’s Address
Dear _____ : (or To Whom It May Concern:)
Body
Sincerely,
Signature
Printed Name
Use a semicolon to join these sentences in
two different ways.
The heat was unbearable.
I went swimming.
Front 41
• The heat was unbearable; I went swimming.
• The heat was unbearable; therefore, I went
swimming.
Back 41
1.
2.
When are colons used?
Which sentences use the colon correctly?
A) Tennis, reading, and swimming: are three of my favorite
hobbies.
B) Next summer, we will travel through the following states: South
Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia.
C) At an airport I like to listen to the many noises: engines roaring,
people laughing, luggage rolling, and feet running.
Front 42
1. Generally, the colon is used to call the next
reader’s attention to what comes next. Some
examples of when to use a colon include:
–
–
–
Before a list of items, especially after words like “as
follows” and “the following”
Before a long, formal statement, or quotation.
After the salutation of a business letter
2. Sentence B and C are correct.
Back 42
Which is the main clause and which is the
subordinate clause in each of the
following sentences?
1. While I was studying, I ate an entire bowl
of popcorn.
2. Shana and Jen went to the beach even
though the temperature was cool and the
sky was cloudy.
Front 43
1. subordinate: While I was studying
main: I ate an entire bowl of popcorn
2. main: Shana and Jen went to the beach
subordinate: even though the
temperature was cool and the sky was
cloudy
Back 43
Correct each sentence.
1.
I am going shopping, to the skating rink and bicycling
this weekend.
2.
Shelby asked him to bring the truck and moving the
refrigerator.
3.
Mom invited the guests, baked a cake and decorates
the house to get ready for the birthday party.
Front 44
1. I am going shopping, skating, and bicycling
this weekend. (parallelism)
2. Shelby asked him to bring the truck and move
the refrigerator. (parallelism)
3. Mom invited the guests, baked a cake, and
decorated the house to get ready for the
birthday party. (parallelism)
Back 44
Choose the correct verb in the
parentheses:
1. Many (arrives, arrive) early at school
each day.
2. The confusion among his students (is,
are) understandable.
3. Neither of the girls (wants, want) to visit
the art museum today.
4. It (don’t, doesn’t) matter to me if you eat
all of the pizza.
Front 45
1. Many arrive early at school each day.
2. The confusion among his students is
understandable.
3. Neither of the girls wants to visit the art
of museum today.
4. It doesn’t matter to me if you eat all of
the pizza.
Back 45
Correct each sentence.
1. Under the bed Tiffany was happy to find
her notebook.
2. The car with the new wheels speed down
the road.
3. Last week Jason found a dog in his best
jacket.
4. Although the snow is deep, the children
with the new sled slides rapidly downhill.
Front 46
1. Tiffany was happy to find her notebook
under the bed.
2. The car with the new wheels speeds
down the road.
3. Jason was in his best jacket last week
when he found a dog.
4. Although the snow is deep, the children
with the new sled slide rapidly downhill.
Back 46
You’re It’s They’re Hers Ours
1. What is the purpose of each apostrophe
in three of the words above?
2. Why don’t hers and ours have an
apostrophe?
3. What does each contraction mean?
4. Use each contraction in a sentence.
Front 47
1. Each apostrophe shows where a letter is
missing and creates a contraction.
2. Possessive personal pronouns do not require
an apostrophe.
3. You’re = you are
it’s = it is or it has
they’re = they are
4. You’re an excellent student.
It’s hot today.
They’re going to the movies with us.
Back 47
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is a run–on sentence?
What is a sentence fragment?
Label each sentence as a run–on or a fragment.
Correct the following sentences:
A) Sheila played the trumpet in marching band they
went to the national competition in October.
B) Wrote a beautiful poem for the homework
assignment.
C) Keri, the new girl in my English class from England.
D) Max was leaning back in his chair, the chair slipped
out from underneath him.
Front 48
1.
2.
3.
A run–on sentence consists of two or more sentences
separated by only a comma or by no mark of
punctuation.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does
not express a complete thought.
A) run–on: Sheila played the trumpet in marching
band. They went to national competition in October.
B) Fragment: Jacob wrote a beautiful poem for the
homework assignment.
C) Fragment: Keri, the new girl in my English class, is
from England.
D) Run-On: Max was leaning back in his chair, and the
chair slipped out from underneath him.
Back 48
Which sentence is correct? What
must be corrected in each of the
other three sentences?
1. We were going to the movies, but mom said
that we had to wait.
2. Dad needed the car to run an errand, and he
don’t know when he will be back.
3. Leanna and me played cards for a few
minutes.
4. We left for the movies as soon as Dad
returned, and we were there in time for the
previews.
Front 49
• Sentence 4 is correct.
• Sentence 1 has a capitalization error
(Mom).
• Sentence 2 has an error in subject-verb
agreement (he doesn’t or didn’t).
• Sentence 3 has a pronoun error (Leanna
and I).
Back 49
Add punctuation and capitalization.
1. she shouted smokey come here
2. the dog a black terrier came dashing
toward her
3. good boy she said come inside now
smokey
Front 50
1. She shouted, “Smokey, come here!”
2. The dog, a black terrier, came dashing
toward her.
3. “Good boy,” she said. “Come inside now,
Smokey.”
Back 50