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Hitler’s rise to power 1919 The Weimar Constitution is adopted. The constitution creates separate executive, judicial, and legislative branches of government so that one group or person cannot hold all of the power. 1919 The constitution includes article 48.. This and article allows the president to make rules article without the consent of the parliament 48 and to suspend civil rights, like freedom of speech, in order to protect public safety. July 1932 The Nazi party wins 37% of votes. The Nazis become the most powerful political party in Germany, even though over half of the German citizens did not vote for them. Nov 1932 The Nazi party wins 33% of the votes and still have more seats in the Reichstag than any other political party. Jan 1933 German President Paul Von Hindenburg understands that he will need the support of the Nazi party to get any laws passed. As a result of the success of the Nazi party in the elections, President Hindenburg appoints Hitler to the position of chancellor – the head of parliament. Feb 1933 Hitler speaks to the German people regarding the new government. A parade is held in his honor. Feb 1933 The Reichstag (parliament) building is set on fire. Hitler quickly blames the communists, a rival political party. Feb 1933 Using the fire as a justification, Hitler convinces President Hindenburg to invoke article 48 of the Weimar Constitution in order to protect public safety. Hitler uses the emergency power of Feb the president to issue two laws for “public safety”. The first law allows the government to search and 1933 confiscate private property. The second law allows him to arrest anyone belonging to rival political parties (especially communists). Article 48 says these laws do not have to be approved by the Reichstag. Mar Hitler creates a new government department, the Ministry of Public 1933 Enlightenment and Propaganda. The purpose is to spread Hitler’s ideas among the German people. Hitler opens a jail for people he Mar thinks are plotting to overthrow the government, especially members of the communists 1933 party. These jails were called “concentration camps because they concentrated on a particular group of “undesirable” people. Mar 1933 Hitler announces the Enabling Act, which is approved by the Reichstag. This act gives Hitler dictatorial powers for four years. It allows Hitler to punish anyone he considers an enemy of the state. It says that Hitler can pass laws that go against the constitution. Some members of parliament do not agree with the law, but many opponents are in jail or in hiding. Hitler organizes a secret state Apr. police called the Gestapo to 1933 “protect public safety and order.” Gestapo police can arrest people and place them in jail without any oversight by a court or judge. Nazis begin holding public book May burnings. Germans are asked to 1933 burn any books considered offensive to Germany, including books by Jewish authors. President Hindenburg dies. Hitler Aug proposes a new law that would 1934 combine the role of president and chancellor in a new position called the Fuhrer. He calls for a vote of the German people. 95% of registered voters in Aug Germany go to the polls. 90% of 1934 these voters approve Hitler’s law making him the Fuhrer. Now Hitler can say that he became the supreme leader, or dictator, of Germany through the direct will of the people. H O M E WO R K List (5) factors that contributed to the death of democracy and the rise of dictatorship in Germany.