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Nitinol
Copyright © 2012 Board of Trustees, University of Illinois. All rights reserved.
Objectives
• To investigate the unique properties of an alloy
called Nitinol
• To design an experiment using Nitinol
• To understand the connection between Nitinol’s
atomic structure and its physical characteristics
• To learn about Nitinol’s applications
2
Nanotechnology
• Some scientists and engineers develop
smart materials
3
Smart materials
• Any material
engineered at
the nanoscale
to perform
specific tasks
4
Smart fabrics
5
Self-healing materials
• Studied and made at
University of Illinois
• Can repair themselves
• Can be used in cell phones
and other devices
6
How self-healing materials work
7
Similar to epoxy
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A smart alloy
NiTiNOL
• Made of Nickel and Titanium at Naval Ordnance Laboratory
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Nitinol—a smart material?
• Bend it
• Heat it
• What happens?
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Shape Memory Alloy (SMA)
• Nitinol is a “shape
memory alloy”
• What does that
mean?
• What is happening
at the nanoscale?
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Phases of matter
Solid
strong bonds
Liquid
weak bonds
Gas
no bonds
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Martensite phase of Nitinol
• Lower temperature
• Very flexible
• Can easily be
deformed (changed)
Martensite
Deformed
Martensite
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Austenite phase of Nitinol
• Higher temperature
• Rigid
• Has defined shape
14
Solid phases of Nitinol
→
heat
15
What you observed
16
What happened at the atomic level
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Nitinol
(Click on image to play.)
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Other ways to heat it?
→
heat
19
Can you “retrain” it?
Can you give
Nitinol a new
shape memory?
20
Properties of Nitinol
• Shape memory alloy
• Elastic
• Does not react with
water or oxygen
• Can be used in the
body
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Austenite temperature
• Slight difference in ratio
of Ni to Ti can change
the temperature from
-50°C to +95°C
• Engineered for different
functions
22
Think!
• How do you
think Nitinol
might be useful?
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Medical applications
•
•
•
•
•
Needles
Orthodontic devices
Guidewires
Catheters
Stents
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Other applications
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Summary
1. Learned about
Nitinol’s properties
2. Heated it
3. Found other ways of
heating it
4. Retrained it
5. Learned about its
applications
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