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nd 2 Quarter Final Review Davis & Burnette Fall 2013 Question 1 • The VEDAS are the sacred text of Hinduism. • It is written in SANSKRIT. • Ramayana is the story of GOOD VS. EVIL. Parents tell children “BE LIKE RAMA.” Question 2 Most important gods of Hinduism: • BRAHMA • VISHNU • SHIVA Question 3 • BRAHMAN is the Hindu supreme power of the universe Question 4 • SAMSARA is the Hindu cycle of birth, death, and rebirth Question 5 • • • • • Brahmins = high priests Kshatriyas = rulers and warriors Vaishyas = herders and merchants Shudras = servants Untouchables = dirty and lowly; outsiders Question 6 • Buddhism does not believe in a personal creator God. Question 7 Buddhists follow: • The Four Noble Truths • The Eightfold Path Question 8 • ASCETICISM is giving up worldly pleasures to find Enlightenment • ASCETICS deny themselves of comforts such as shelter, food, clothing, etc. Question 9 Both Hinduism and Buddhism: • Believe in Karma • Believe in Reincarnation Question 10 • A PILGRIMAGE is a holy journey meant to cleanse people of their sins/spiritual healing. • Muslims go on a pilgrimage called a “HAJJ” to MECCA. • Jews go to the WESTERN WALL in JERUSALEM. Question 11 • The TEN COMMANDMENTS are a moral code believed to be given to Moses by God on Mount Sinai. • It is the foundational belief for BOTH JEWS AND CHRISTIANS Question 12 • JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY, and ISLAM are all MONOTHEISTIC religions (They all believe in ONE GOD) Question 13 What Jews and Christians have in common: • Belief in one God • Following the Ten Commandments • Same old sacred writings (Old Testament for Christians, Torah for Jews) Question 14 Three major denominations of Christianity: • Catholicism – Largest – led by Pope Francis • Eastern Orthodoxy • Protestantism Each of them believe Jesus was the son of God, resurrected from the dead, and an afterlife of salvation to followers Question 15 • Jewish religion and cultural identity is strongly based on the COVENANT (promise) made between God and Abraham/the Hebrew people Question 16 • American Muslims must pray five times a day • They must follow “HALAL”—the dietary regulations (no pork, animals must be slaughtered facing Mecca) • Women wear a HIJAB (veil) over their heads • They must keep JUMA (Friday, the day of prayer) holy by going to Mosque. Question 17 • ABRAHAM = The Father of the Hebrew people, prepared to sacrifice his son, Isaac • MOSES = Led the Hebrews out of Egypt, parted the Red Sea, gave the people the Ten Commandments from God • DAVID = King of Israel, slayer of Goliath • SOLOMON = Son of David, builder of the Second Temple Question 18 The Jewish DIASPORA is when the Jews were sent away to distant lands. • 722 BCE = The Assyrians conquer Israel • 597 BCE = The Babylonian king, Nebuchadnezzar destroys the First Temple, conquers Judah • 135 CE = Romans crush a Jewish revolt Question 19 • The HOLY TRINITY in Christianity is the idea that God is in three parts: • GOD THE FATHER • GOD THE SON • THE HOLY SPIRIT Question 20 Two most important Christian holidays: • Christmas = December 25 celebrates the birth of Jesus • Easter = usually in April (first Sunday, after first full moon, after first day of spring) celebrates Jesus’ resurrection Question 21 • BUDDHISM branched off of Hinduism • CHRISTIANITY branched off of Judaism Question 22 • All religions offer followers a set of accepted moral codes (outlines of what is right and wrong) Question 23 • HINDUISM = We don’t know the origins • BUDDHISM = Began with Prince Siddhartha in India attaining Enlightenment • ISLAM = Begins with the prophet Muhammad visited by the angel of God • JUDAISM = Begins with Abraham’s covenant with God • CHRISTIANITY = Began with the birth, death, and resurrection of Jesus Question 24 Holy texts: • HINDUISM = The Vedas • BUDDHISM = The Four Noble Truths & Eightfold Path • ISLAM = The Qu’ran • JUDAISM = The Torah • CHRISTIANITY = The Bible Question 25 Poly v. Mono • HINDUISM = polytheistic • BUDDHISM = polytheistic • ISLAM = monotheistic • JUDAISM = monotheistic • CHRISTIANITY = monotheistic Question 26 Leaders of the five world religions: • HINDUISM = There isn’t one • BUDDHISM = Prince Siddhartha/Buddha • ISLAM = Muhammad • JUDAISM = Abraham • CHRISTIANITY = Jesus of Nazareth/Jesus Christ Question 27 Followers of the religions: • HINDUISM = Hindus • BUDDHISM = Buddhists • ISLAM = Muslims • JUDAISM = Jews • CHRISTIANITY = Christians Question 28 Titles of religious leaders: • HINDUISM = Brahmins • BUDDHISM = No official title for leader, but monks dedicate their lives to reach enlightenment • ISLAM = Imams • JUDAISM = Rabbis • CHRISTIANITY = Priests (Cath & Ortho), Ministers (Protestants)
