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Religion
Monotheism

This area is home to 3 major
monotheist world religions.
They are Judaism,
Christianity, and Islam.
Star of David
Judaism
 The
most recognized symbol of
Judaism is the six pointed Star of
David. Jewish legend says that a
Hebrew king named David went
into battle with the hexagram on his
shield. Later, when Jews were
minorities in Christian and Muslim
nations, they were forced to wear
the star on their clothing to identify
themselves.
Judaism
 Judaism
is the oldest of the three
religions, influencing the other two.
 Today, there are about 15 million
Jews.
 Jews trace their ancestry back to
the Hebrews.
 The Hebrews in turn trace their
ancestry all the way back to
Abraham.
Judaism
 The
Hebrews believed they were
God's “chosen people”.
 The Hebrew moral code is based
on the 10 Commandments given
to Moses by God.
Ten Commandments
 Thou shalt have no
other Gods before me.
 Thou shalt not bow
down before graven
images.
 Thou shalt not take
the Lord's name in
vain.
 Remember the
Sabbath and keep it
holy.
 Honor thy father and
thy mother.
 Thou shalt not kill.
 Thou shalt not committ
adultery.
 Thou shalt not steal.
 Thou shalt not bear
fault witness against
thy neighbor.
 Thou shalt not covet.
Judaism
 Jewish
worship leader: Rabbi,
which means “master”.
 Holidays: Rosh Hashanah, Yom
Kippur, Simchat Torah, Chanukah,
Passover.
 Holy Books: Torah, which is
included as the old testament to the
Bible in Christianity and Talmud, a
collection of laws and customs.
Cross
Christianity
 Christians
believe that Jesus
Christ was both a man and the
son of God. They believe God
sent Jesus as a messiah, or
messenger. The Jewish leaders
executed Jesus by nailing him
to a cross.
Christianity

Today the cross is Christianity's
most important icon. Most
Christians have crosses in and
on top of their churches. Some
Christians wear a cross as a
necklace. The cross symbolizes
a Christian's connection with
Jesus.
Christianity
 Based
upon the teachings of
Jesus, he is often referred to as
the Christ, or “chosen one”.
 Main philosophy: “Do unto
others as you would have
them do unto you.”
Christianity
 The
holy book of Christianity is
the Bible, which is divided up
into two books.
 Old Testament: consists of the
sacred writings of the Jewish
people long before Jesus.
Christianity


New Testament: includes the
Gospels, or stories about
Jesus, and letters by
Christians.
The Bible has been translated
into over 1,500 languages.
Christianity
 Christianity
is divided into many
sects, or smaller groups.
 Most Christians are Roman
Catholic, headed by the Pope in
Rome.
 Most Christian churches are
headed by priests or ministers.
 Major Holidays: Easter,
Christmas, Lent
Crescent and Star
Islam
 The
crescent, star, and the
color green are symbols often
associated with Islam. The star
represents knowledge and light,
and the crescent represents
progress. You will find these
symbols on the flags of many
Muslim nations.
Islam

Islamic art includes calligraphy,
or decorative penmanship, but
no images of people. The Quran
forbids recreating any living thing
because no one should copy
what Allah has made. This is
why you will not find a picture of
Muhammad in Islamic literature.
Islam
 Islam
in Arabic means
“surrender to God”.
 Believers of Islam believe that
Muhammad was the last in a
series of prophets that
included Abraham, Moses, and
Jesus.
Islam

Muhammad was visited in a
cave by an angel. Muhammad
repeated these words and
people learned what the angel
said.
Islam
 The
holy book of Islam is the
Quran (Koran), which contains the
teachings of Muhammed.
 Muslim places of worship are called
mosques.
 Muslims are taught to pray 5 times
a day.
Islam
 The
holy city of Islam is Mecca,
which contains the Kabba.
 Every Muslim is required to make a
pilgrimage to Mecca.
 It was said the Kabba was once
white, but has turned black
absorbing all the sins of Muslims.
 The Islamic sacred month is
Ramadan.
Kabba
In Review...
What are the three major religions that
are a part of North Africa and the Middle
East?
 What is the holy book of Christianity?
 What is the holy book of Islam?
 Which of these three religions is the
oldest?
