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Brief History Beliefs Views of Others Judaism -Oldest of 3 religions -Abraham was 1st Jew, made covenant with God -Lived in Palestine until Roman Empire kicked them out in what is called the Diaspora -Founding of Israel in 1948 -One God -Jewish law found in Talmud -Torah is holy book -Special place for Moses -Actions more important than dogma Christianity -offshoot of Judaism -early Christians persecuted until Constantine made it the official religion of the Holy Roman Empire -Martin Luther started Protestantism Islam -7 Century AD in Mecca -developed from Judaism and Christianity -It expanded into North Africa, Byzantine and Sassanian empires -Jesus is founder and son of God -Bible is Holy book -Believe in Heaven and Hell -Don’t believe Jesus was son of God nor that Muhammad was prophet -don’t believe in teachings of Islam -Do not follow Jewish law -difficult relationships with Judaism and Islam -Do not accept Muhammad as prophet -Crusades were attempt to take back Holy Land from Muslims -Allah (Arabic word for God) -Qur’an is holy book -Allah spoke to Muhammad (last prophet) through the angel Gabriel -5 Pillars -don’t eat pork, don’t drink alcohol -Islam sees Judaism and Christianity as earlier versions of Islam -Islam is final, complete, and correct version -recognizes Abraham, Moses, and Jesus (although not as son of God) -Jews and Christians are protected in the Qur’an as “peoples of the book” -forced conversions aren’t allowed, Muslims are supposed to be tolerant of Jews and Christians th