* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Ancient Egypt
Survey
Document related concepts
Index of Egypt-related articles wikipedia , lookup
Middle Kingdom of Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Plagues of Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Prehistoric Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Tutankhamun wikipedia , lookup
Military of ancient Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Animal mummy wikipedia , lookup
Mastaba of Hesy-Re wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Egyptian race controversy wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Egyptian medicine wikipedia , lookup
Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Egyptian religion wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Government/Social Structure Government Pharaoh(God -King): absolute ruler Vizier: chief administrator and advisor Dynasty: One family passes down the right to rule Important Pharaohs 1st Menes: pharaoh; United upper and lower Egypt Cleopatra VII: Last Pharaoh of Egypt (Ended 30 BC) (flourished c. 2925 BCE) Ramses II: reigned for 66 years; built the Egyptian Empire Art and Architecture Belief in the afterlife demanded: 1. Bodies be interred whole 2. Material goods for use in afterlife be present Egyptian Artwork Stela (carved stone) Notice, all people drawn from the side – even when looking right at you! Writing Hieroglyphics Technology Religion Polytheistic interaction with the natural environment shows interrelated gods and goddesses yearly rebirth of Nile and daily rebirth of sun - over 2000 gods Horus Horus, god of balance and harmony maintained the natural order: the flow of the Nile and the fertility of the soil. Osiris God of the Dead - “rebirth” - and the weighing of the heart Evolution of Egyptian mythology known as a ruler in the Nile delta a local god regional god. Mummies Not known when it started in Egypt Perfected by time of New Kingdom How to make a mummy: 70 steps 1) Removal of the brain through the nostrils 2) Removal of the intestines through an incision in the side 3) Sterilization of the body and intestines 4) Treating, cleaning, dehydrating the intestines 5) Packing the body with natron (a natural dehydrating agent) and leaving for 40 days 6) Removal of the natron agent 7) Packing the limbs with clay or sand 8) Packing the body with linen (soaked in resin), myrrh and cinnamon 9) Treating the body with ointments and finally wrapping with a fine linen gauze, not less than 1000 square yards . Why were the Egyptians so into pyramids and mummies? The Egyptians were obsessed with the cult of the dead. They had elaborate death rituals and gods. To protect the dead in the afterlife and to prevent robbers from desecrating tombs, the Egyptians hid their burials and placed curses to warn off violators. Canopic Jars made of alabaster for storage of heart, stomach, intestines and liver which were also treated Mummy Inner coffin Second inner coffin Second inner coffin lid King Tut How it all began… “Death shall come on swift wings to him that toucheth the tomb of Pharaoh.” These are the words written across the seal of King Tut’s tomb in Egypt. When this tomb was disturbed for the first time in 3400 years by the English Egyptologist Howard Carter in November of 1922, newspapers around the world announced the discovery. Wait, who was King Tut anyway? Tutankhamun was an Egyptian king that is more famous for his death than for his life. Tut began ruling when he was 8 years old, and died when he was 18. Very few written documents on Tut survive and not very much is known of his life. Most experts agree Tut died a violent death, but they don’t know for sure if he was murdered. Tut is most famous because his spectacular tomb was discovered, almost intact and filled with treasures, by Howard Carter in 1922. Here are some of those treasures! Nice, aren’t they? http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2 010/09/tut-dna/tut-family-tree Who were Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon? Lord Carnarvon was a very wealthy man who paid Howard Carter to search for the tomb of King Tut in Egypt. Howard Carter searched for the tomb for five years. Their find became the most famous archaeological discovery of all time.